Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes

							ELECTROLYTES AND
NONELECTROLYTES
ELECTROLYTES                        NONELECTROLYTES

   Definition and properties:         Definition and properties:
   A substance that dissolves in      A substance that dissolves in
    water and conducts an               water and does not produce
    electric current. (Has mobile       an electric current. (No
    ions)                               mobile ions)
ELECTROLYTES                                    NONELECTROLYTES
    Examples: Acids, bases and salts

                                                   Alcohols (CxHyOH, suffic –ol)
   A. Strong Electrolyte: Dissociates
    completely into ions.                          Glycerin
   Strong acids: large ka (table K—HCl,
    HNO3,H2SO4,HBr &HI)                            Sugars (CxHyOz)
   Strong Bases: large Kb (table F—soluble
    hydroxides)
   Soluble salts: large ksp (table F-soluble      Note:
    salts)
   B. Weak Electrolyte:                           Dissociate: ionic substances
   Doesn’t dissociate completely into ions         dissociate (break down) into
   Weak acids: small ka (all the rest)
   Weak bases: small kb (table F-insoluble         ions.
    hydroxides)                                    Ionize: Molecular substances
   Insoluble salts: small ksp (table F-
    insoluble salts)                                need water to produce ions.
CLASSIFY THE FOLLOWING AS
NONELECTROLYTES, STRONG ELECTROLYTES OR
WEAK ELECTROLYTES:
   HCl               Sugar (s)
   water             Sugar (aq)
   NaCl (s)          Calcium carbonate (s)
   NaCl (aq)         Calcium carbonate (aq)
   Vinegar           Ethanol
   NaOH (s)          Magnesium hydroxide(s)
   NaOH (aq)         Magnesium hydroxide
                       (aq)