Linux Mandrake Apache Installation

							                         Chapter


Apache Installation in Linux-
        Mandrake
                   Acknowledgment

• The following information has been
  obtained directly from
  www.mandrake.com
• All credit it due to the above
                              Linux


Unix                    Windows


                        GUI based approach
                       to Apache installation.

           Linux:
        Where Unix
       meets Windows
     Apache Configuration Using
                           KDE

• In this section, Apache will be
  configured using the available tools
  and utilities of the KDE desktop.
  This is not necessarily a
  recommended way to run a web
  server, but it does offer a
  convenient environment to begin
  learning the first steps of running a
  web server in the safety of an
Checking for Already Installed
                      Apache
             Using ktail to Monitor
                        Installation

• Alt-F2 will open a mini-command line
  in KDE, and kdesu -c ktail will launch
  ktail as the root user.
   Ktail will be used throughout the
  following pages to monitor Apache's
  log files during configuration
Launching ktail to Monitor the
                   Installation
 Alt F2 opens a mini command line
Providing root Password
Accessing the Service Activity
Activating the httpd Service
Starting Stopping and
    Restarting Apache
Monitoring
 Start, Stop
and Restart
Accessing the Web
Accessing the Web Server Using
                     Localhost
Gain Access as
 Super User to
          root
Root Folder(File)
Location of Apache Files
Bookmark the Location
Location of Web Files
Renamed Index.html
           Loading Your Own Web

• A web can now be stored in this folder
  to become the website on the Apache
  server
• Index.html will be the first file that
  would be accessed first
KDE File Manager as a Limited
               Web Browser
    Accessing the Website from
Use IP Address Other Machines
Location of Logs
Drag and Drop Logs into ktail
                for Viewing
Other Details in Error Log
                       Event Details

• Date and time of event

• What type of event

• The event itself
Other Details in Access Log
      Other Details on Access Log
• The machine's name or IP address that
   accessed the server
 • Date and time of access
   • The file that was transferred
    • An access code and the number of
   bytes transferred
    • The server's name or IP address that
   was requested
    • The web browser that was used
    • And some info about the visitor's
   system
                    Location of conf Files




A copy has been made of the conf files folder
  Making a Copy of the Conf Files
• /etc/httpd/conf is where Apache's
  configuration files are located.
   You may want to first make a backup copy of
  the original configuration directory before
  making edits to the enclosed files.
   Ctrl-t opens a konsole in the current
  directory, and cp -r conf confOrigBackup
  recursively copies the folder & contents with
  a new name.
 Locating Apache’s
Main httpd.conf File
Editing httpd.conf
      Using Kedit
Disabling Some Kedit Options Before
       Saving Changes to httpd.conf
Section1: Modules
                  A Note on Modules
• This first section of Apache's
  configuration file deals with modules.
  Modules add extra capabilities to Apache
  that aren't normally included in its basic
  set of features.
   If you install Mandrake's RPM modules
  for Apache you most likely won't ever
  need to manually enter any module
  information yourself, as the required
  entries will automatically be added with
  the packages.
                                  • continued
       php3 Module: An Example

• mod_php3 is a module that enables
  this popular scripting language to be
  used with Apache.
   If mod_php3 is installed on your
  system, you can test it by creating a
  simple test page as seen on the next
  page
Creating index.php3 for
Testing of php3 Support
Testing for php3
        Support
      Success in Testing for php3

• You can test Apache by loading the
  page into Netscape.
   If php3 wasn't enabled properly, a
  screen of raw text would appear
  instead of a normal looking web
  page as seen here.
        A Note on Testing for php3

• This is just a quick way to demonstrate if
  php3 is enabled on a server. php3 is a
  full-featured, HTML-embedded scripting
  language used for creating dynamically
  generated web pages.
   One common use of php3 is as a
  replacement for CGI scripts.
  Unfortunately this topic can't be covered
  in detail on these pages. For more info on
  php3, phpbuilder is a good starting point.
 Location of Web
Documents (Root)
                       Document Root

• The document root is where the web
  pages of the active website are kept
  – Similar to the home directory of the www
    server in Windows
       Display of
Directory Listing
                Absence of index File

• A directory listing is displayed as
  shown in the previous slide in the
  absence of an index file
          Activating Configuration
                          Changes

• After every configuration change
  Apache must be restarted
• It is usually a good practice to make one
  change at a time and then check ktail to
  ensure that the change had been made
  without any errors before proceeding to
  make the next change
                Starting, Stopping and
                    Restarting Apache

• Commands
  – apachetl start, apachetl stop, apachetl
    restart
• GUI
  – Apache may also be started, stopped and
    restarted through the control services GUI
     • Access the httpd service for this purpose
Redirecting
   404 and
Other Error
  Messages
     Viewing of
          Serve
         Status

Other IP addresses
 may be specified
  for viewing of
server status from
 other machines.
      Display of
         Server
         Status
From a different
machine.
Server Type
   and Port
  Numbers
    Note on Server Type and Port
                       Numbers
• Standalone is recommended for server
  type
• Information on port numbers can be
  found in /etc/services
• Users do not have to enter a port
  number on the address if default port
  numbers are maintained
  – Example is Port 80 used for www service
            Phantom User Nobody

• Apache runs as a phantom user known
  as nobody with very limited access
• Anyone exploiting this name to gain
  access to Apache will severely be
  restricted from causing any damage
Phantom
   User
Location of Apache
    Configuration
Server
Name
            A Note on Server Name
• Server name is the one seen by the
  browsers in the filed “location name”
• For hosting a name accessible over the
  Internet, the name must have been
  registered and it must have a DNS
  entry on a DNS sever
• Server name need not relate to the
  machine’s host name
Access to Local
   Host Name
Adding a
   Host
  Name
The New
  Name
       A Note on Changing Name

• In general, changing host names should
  be avoided
• Certain services are configured based
  on the host name and they may not
  function properly after changing the
  name of the host
Permissions
 on Folders
                         Access
                        Given to
                         Folders




Permission given to others.
 Right Clicking
   on Folders to
Give Permission
             Changing Permissions

• Show entries and change into
  commands will give public to enter the
  folder and view its contents
                              Summary
• Windows users may still use some of
  the techniques learned to configure and
  operate Linux operations
• However, some command line
  programming is still inevitable
• In the long run, more GUI based
  operations is likely to be introduced in
  Linux
         Giving
     Permission
using the chmod
      Command