CIVIL WAR
1. What was the North like The North was mainly an urban
before the Civil War? society in which people held jobs.
The South was primarily an
2. What was the South like agricultural society in which people
before the Civil War lived in small villages and on farms
and plantations.
The North was a manufacturing
3. What was the North like region, and its people favored tariffs
economically? that protected factory owners and
workers from foreign competition.
Southerners opposed tariffs that
would cause prices of manufactured
4. What was the South like goods to increase. Planters were also
economically? concerned that England might stop
buying cotton from the South if
tariffs were added.
5. What is a tariff?
A major conflict was states’ rights,
6. What was the big
which the South favored versus
constitutional conflict between
strong central government, which the
the North and the South?
North favored.
7. What is considered a main
Slavery
reason of the Civil War?
Southerners felt that the abolition
8. How did the South feel about
of slavery would destroy their
slavery?
region’s economy
Northerners believed that slavery
9. How did the North feel about
should be abolished for moral
slavery?
reasons.
Southerners believed that they had
10. How did the South feel about
the power to declare any national law
the Federal government?
illegal
Northerners believed that the
11. How did the North feel about
national government’s power was
the Federal government?
supreme over that of the states
12. What were the four dividing
Slavery, economical, cultural and
issues between the North and
Constitutional issues divided the
the South that led to the Civil
North and South
War?
13. What was the Missouri Missouri was a slave state; Maine, a
Compromise? free state.
14. When did the Missouri
1820
Compromise occur?
California was a free state.
15. What was the Compromise of
Southwest territories would decide
1850?
about slavery.
16. What was the Kansas- People decided the slavery issue
Nebraska Act? (“popular sovereignty”).
17. What is popular sovereignty? People have the decision by voting
18. What is secession? To leave being a part of
Following Lincoln’s election, the
southern states seceded from the
19. What happened to start the Union. Confederate forces attacked
Civil War? Fort Sumter, in South Carolina,
marking the beginning of the Civil
War.
Lincoln and many Northerners
20. How did Lincoln and other
believed that the United States was
Northerners feel about
one nation that could not be
secession?
separated or divided.
Most Southerners believed that
21. How did Southerners feel
states had freely created and joined
about secession?
the union and could freely leave it.
Alabama
Arkansas
Florida
Georgia
Louisiana
22. What states seceded from the
Mississippi
Union? North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Virginia
Delaware
23. What states were border
Kentucky
states (slave states) that
Maryland
stayed in the Union? Missouri
California
Connecticut
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Maine
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
24. What states were free
New Hampshire
states?
New Jersey
New York
Ohio
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont
West Virginia (Western counties of Virginia
that refused to secede from the Union)
Wisconsin
25. What new state was formed at
West Virginia (Western counties of Virginia
the beginning of the Civil
that refused to secede from the Union)
War?
Was president of the Confederate
26. Who was Jefferson Davis?
States of America
He was the general of the Union
27. Who was Ulysses S. Grant?
army that defeated Lee
• Was President of the United
States
• Opposed the spread of slavery
• Issued the Emancipation
Proclamation
• Determined to preserve the
28. What were some important Union—by force if necessary
ideas and events about • Believed the United States was
Abraham Lincoln? one nation, not a collection of
independent states
• Wrote the Gettysburg Address
that said the Civil War was to
preserve a government “of the
people, by the people, and for the
people.”
• Was leader of the Army of Northern
Virginia
• Was offered command of the Union
forces at the beginning of the war
but chose not to fight against
Virginia
29. Who was Robert E. Lee? • Opposed secession, but did not
believe the union should be held
together by force
• Urged Southerners to accept defeat
at the end of the war and reunite as
Americans when some wanted to
fight on
30. Who was Thomas “Stonewall” He was a skilled Confederate general
Jackson? from Virginia
Was a former slave who escaped to
31. Who was Frederick Douglas?
the North and became an abolitionist
32. Where were the first shots
Fort Sumter
fired of the Civil War?
33. What was the first major The first Battle of Manassas (Bull
battle of the Civil War? Run) was the first major battle.
The signing of the Emancipation
Proclamation made “freeing the
34. What made freeing the slaves
slaves” the new focus of the war.
the focus of the war?
Many freed slaves joined the Union
army.
The Battle of Vicksburg divided the
35. What did the Battle of
South; the North controlled the
Vicksburg do?
Mississippi River.
The Battle of Gettysburg was the
36. What was the turning point of
turning point of the war; the North
the war?
repelled Lee’s invasion.
Lee’s surrender to Grant at
37. What happened to end the
Appomattox Court House in 1865
Civil War?
ended the war.
• The Union blockade of southern
ports (e.g., Savannah, Charleston,
New Orleans)
• Control of the Mississippi River
38. What were four major
(e.g., Vicksburg)
deciding factors in winning the
• Battle locations influenced by the
Civil War?
struggle to capture capital cities
(e.g., Richmond; Washington, D.C.)
• Control of the high ground (e.g.,
Gettysburg)
Clara Barton, a Civil War nurse,
39. Who was Clara Barton? created the American Red Cross.
• Families and friends were often
pitted against one another.
• Southern troops became
increasingly younger and more
poorly equipped and clothed.
• Much of the South was
devastated at the end of the war
(e.g., burning of Atlanta and
40. What were some effects of Richmond).
the Civil War? • Disease was a major killer.
• Combat was brutal and often man-
to-man.
• Women were left to run
businesses in the North and farms
and plantations in the South.
• The collapse of the Confederacy
made Confederate money
worthless
• African Americans fought in both
the Confederate and Union
armies.
• The Confederacy often used
slaves as naval crew members and
soldiers.
41. How did the Civil War affect • The Union moved to enlist African
African Americans? American sailors early in the war.
• African American soldiers were
paid less than white soldiers.
• African American soldiers were
discriminated against and served
in segregated units under the
command of white officers.
• Robert Smalls was an African
American who was a sailor and
later a Union naval captain He was
42. Who was Robert Smalls?
highly honored for his feats of
bravery and heroism. He became
a Congressman after the Civil War