Norway_ISCED_mapping
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UOE Data Collection: Table ISCMAP-PROG
ISCMAP-PROG MAPPING OF NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES****: NORWAY
NORWAY
School year: 2007/2008
Does the programme have a work
(intermediate, first, second, etc…)
Programme specifically designed
Programme specifically designed
structure (Bachelor-Master-PhD)
Position in the tertiary education
Programme destination (A/B/C)
Year when the programme was
Programme orientation (G/P/V)
for part-time attendance (Y/N)
Position in the national degree
(prog.<ISCEDlevel>.<number
the end of the programme
than span across ISCED
FINANCE tables (Y/N/P)
levels or sub-categories
Theoretical starting age
Theoretical cumulative
/ qualification structure
Theoretical cumulative
data collection (Y/N/P)
Notes on programmes
based element? (Y/N)
years of education at
Reported in the UOE
Reported in the UOE
Code of credential in
duration at ISCED 5
Programme number
Theoretical duration
of the programme
ISCMAP-QUAL
for adults (Y/N)
within level>)
ISCED level
Enrolments
Description name of Minimum entrance Main diplomas,
created
National name of the the programme in requirement (ISCED credentials and
programme English level or other) certifications awarded Notes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
prog.00.01 0 - - - - - - Barnehage Pre-school - - - 3 3 - N N N Y Y 161,400 Centre-based institutions for children aged 3 to
less than 6 (a few 6-year-olds are included).
As a rule, the staff have special educational
qualifications, which are officially recignised.
Not compulsory - 90 % of all 3-5 year-olds
attend parttime or fulltime
prog.01.01 1 - G - - - - Barneskole Primary - - 6 7 7 N N N Y Y 431,000 Start of compulsory education at age 6.
Grades 1 to 7.
prog.02.01 2 - G - - - - Ungdomsskole Lower secondary - Grunnskolens 13 3 10 N N N Y Y 188,500 Part two of compulsory education. Grades 8 to
avgangsvitnemål 10.
prog.02.02 2 - G - - - 1/2 Grunnskoleopplæ Compulsory - Grunnskolens 16 1-2 - N Y Y N Y 11,000 Not reported in UOE due to lack of information
ring for voksne education for avgangsvitnemål on gender, age, level and intensity.
adults
prog.02.03 2 - G - - - 1/2 Norsk med Language- and - - 16 0,5-2 - N Y Y N Y 24,000 Not reported in UOE due to educational
samfunnskunnska science courses content and lack of credentials. Also lack of
p for voksne for adult information on gender, age, level and intensity.
innvandrere immigrants
prog.03.01 3 A G - - - - Videregående Upper secondary, 2 Vitnemål 16 3 13 N N N Y Y 95,000 3-year upper secondary, general programmes.
opplæring, general Successful graduation of the programme
allmennfag entitles to enter ISCED 5-level.
prog.03.02 3 A G - - - - Arbeidsmarkedso Labour market 2 - 20 2-3 - N Y Y Y Y 4,500 The programme comprises a whole range of
pplæring (AMO) courses different courses offered to the unemployed,
both short and long, general.
prog.03.03 3 C V - - - - Videregående Upper secondary, 2 Vitnemål, fagbrev 16 3-4 13-14 Y N N Y Y 119,000 3- or 4-year vocational programmes with
opplæring, vocational mainly occupational basic education.
yrkesfag Apprenticeships (approx. 29000) included.
prog.03.04 3 C V - - - - Videregående Folk high school 2 - 19 0,5-1 11 N N N Y Y 6,000 Folk high schools do not grant degrees or
utdanning ved conduct exams, but does provide credentials
folkehøgskoler for further study. The schools offer a variety of
non-traditional and non-academic
programmes, as well as some academic
programmes.
prog.03.05 3 C V - - - - Arbeidsmarkedso Labour market 2 - 20 2-4 - Y Y Y Y Y xr:14 The programme comprises a whole range of
pplæring (AMO) courses different courses offered to the unemployed,
both short and long, vocational.
prog.04.01 4 A G - - - - Forkurs Preparatory 3/4C - 19 1 15 N N N Y Y 1,600 Programmes at the upper secondary level
courses enabling students with insufficient background
to qualify for admission to study programmes
at the tertiary level with special entrance
requirements.
prog.04.02 4 C V - - - - Fagskoleutdannin Technical 3A or 3C Vitnemål, 19-20 2 15-16 Y N N** Y Y 4500 2-year programmes requiring completion of
g vocational depending on sertifikat upper secondary school, or relevant vocational
education course practice, or similar based on formal, non-
formal and informal qualifications.
prog.04.02 4 C V - - - - Annen påbygging, Other post- 3A or 3C Vitnemål, 19-20 0,5-2 13,5- Y N N Y Y 3,000 0,5-2-year programmes requiring completion of
ikke secondar non- depending on sertifikat 16 upper secondary school, or relevant vocational
fagskoleutdanning tertiary course practice, or similar based on formal, non-
prgrammes, not formal and informal qualifications.
technical
vocational
education
dba14680-eee1-479b-9198-db24f817bc66.xls ISCMAP-PROG - 1/6
UOE Data Collection: Table ISCMAP-PROG
Does the programme have a work
(intermediate, first, second, etc…)
Programme specifically designed
Programme specifically designed
structure (Bachelor-Master-PhD)
Position in the tertiary education
Programme destination (A/B/C)
Year when the programme was
Programme orientation (G/P/V)
for part-time attendance (Y/N)
Position in the national degree
(prog.<ISCEDlevel>.<number
the end of the programme
than span across ISCED
FINANCE tables (Y/N/P)
levels or sub-categories
Theoretical starting age
Theoretical cumulative
/ qualification structure
Theoretical cumulative
data collection (Y/N/P)
Notes on programmes
based element? (Y/N)
years of education at
Reported in the UOE
Reported in the UOE
Code of credential in
duration at ISCED 5
Programme number
Theoretical duration
of the programme
ISCMAP-QUAL
for adults (Y/N)
within level>)
ISCED level
Enrolments
Description name of Minimum entrance Main diplomas,
created
National name of the the programme in requirement (ISCED credentials and
programme English level or other) certifications awarded Notes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
prog.05.01 5 B - short first - - Høyere Tertiary 3A, 3C, see note Høgskolekandidat 19 2-2,5 15* N, N, N, Y Y 1,800 Classification of 5B-programmes are based
utdanning, education, 1 see see see solely on duration, as these programmes are
høgskolekandidat university college note note note taught by the same staff and at the same
grad degree, 2 years*** 2 3 4 institutions as 5A programmes. The
'høgskolekandidatgrad'-programmes are
aimed directly to the labour market, but may
also be an integrated part of a longer tertiary
programme (5A).
prog.05.02 2003- 5 A - medium first Bachel - Høyere Tertiary 3A, 3C, see note Bachelor 19 3 16* N, N, N, Y Y 165,000 Bachelor-programmes are aimed directly at the
2004 or utdanning, education, 1 see see see labour market. They also satisfy the entrance
bachelorgrad, 3- bachelor, 3 years note note note requirement to the Master's level.
årig 2 3 4
prog.05.03 2003- 5 A - medium first Bachel - Høyere Tertiary 3A, 3C, see note Bachelor 19 4 17* N, N, N, Y Y xr:21 Bachelor-programmes are aimed directly at the
2004 or utdanning, education, 1 see see see labour market. They also satisfy the entrance
bachelorgrad, 4- bachelor, 4 years note note note requirement to the Master's level.
årig 2 3 4
prog.05.04 2003- 5 A - medium first Bachel - Høyere Tertiary 3A, 3C, see note Bachelor plus 19 4 17* N N N, Y Y xr:21 Students may obtain the Bachelor's degree
2004 or + 1 utdanning, education, two 4- 1 diploma from see after successful completion of the third year of
year allmennlærerutda year programmes general teacher note study. The programmes are aimed directly at
nning og in teacher training or subject 4 the labour market - teachers for grades 1-10
faglærerutdanning education and teacher training (ISCED 1&2) for general teachers, and for
i praktisk- spescial subject grades 1-13 (ISCED 1,2 &3) for special subject
estetiske fag teacher education teachers. However, the programmes may also
in practical- be included as part of a longer tertiary
aesthetic subjects programme.
prog.05.05 5 A long second - Videreutdanning Specialisation 5A, see note 5 Vitnemål 22 1, 1,5, 17-18 Y N, N, Y Y This category includes a variety of vocationally-
courses 2 see see oriented specialisations, particularly for
note note paramedical professions and for teachers, the
3 4 longest being in midwifery (2 years after
qualification as nurse)
prog.05.06 2003- 5 A - long second Master - Høyere Tertiary 5A, see note 5 Master 22 1 - N, 17 - N N, Y Y 24,000 These short Master's degree programmes are
2004 utdanning, education, 1,5 see 17,5* see exceptional, and for such programmes
mastergrad, 1 - Master, 1 - 1 1/2 note note individual approval is required by the Ministry
1,5-årig yrs 3 4 of Education and Research.
prog.05.07 2003- 5 A - long second Master - Høyere Tertiary 5A, see note 5 Master 22 2 18* N, N, N, Y Y xr:24 This is the predominant type of Master's
2004 utdanning, education, see see see degree programmes.
mastergrad, 2- Master, 2 years note note note
årig 2 3 4
prog.05.08 2003- 5 A - long first Master - Høyere Tertiary 3A, 3C, see note Master 19 5 18* N, N N Y Y 11,000 Integrated programmes of 5 years' duration,
2004 utdanning, education, 1 see generally oriented towards a profession (E.g.
mastergrad, 5- Master, 5 years note pharmacy, odontology, law, architecture and
årig 2 industrial design). See note 6!
prog.05.09 2003- 5 A - long second Master - Høyere Tertiary 5A, see note 5, Master 24 1,5 - 17,5 - N, N, N, Y Y xr:24 The experince-based Master's degree
2004 utdanning, education, plus minimum 2 2 18 see see see programmes are vocational or profession-
erfaringsbasert experience-based yrs. of relevant note note note oriented.
mastergrad Master's work experience 2 3 4
programme
prog.05.10 5 A - very long first - - Høyere Tertiary 3A, 3C, see note cand.theol., 19 6 19* N N N Y Y 300 These are four 6-year professional
utdanning, lengre education, very 1 cand.psychol., programmes to which the Bachelor-Master
profesjonsutdanni long professional cand.med., structure does not apply - in Theology,
ng programme cand.med.vet. Psychology, Medicine and Veterinary science.
prog.06.01 2003- 6 - - - - PhD - Philosophiae PhD 5A - 2 or 5-year PhD 24-25 3 21* N, N N Y Y 4,400 Advanced research degree, 3 years.
2004 Doctor (Ph.D) Master's degree see Candidates for the doctoral degree are
or long note formally not students, but employed as
professional in research fellows. The contract period is
programme col. normally 4 years, to allow for teaching
24 activities in addition to the 3 years of research.
dba14680-eee1-479b-9198-db24f817bc66.xls ISCMAP-PROG - 2/6
UOE Data Collection: Table ISCMAP-PROG
Does the programme have a work
(intermediate, first, second, etc…)
Programme specifically designed
Programme specifically designed
structure (Bachelor-Master-PhD)
Position in the tertiary education
Programme destination (A/B/C)
Year when the programme was
Programme orientation (G/P/V)
for part-time attendance (Y/N)
Position in the national degree
(prog.<ISCEDlevel>.<number
the end of the programme
than span across ISCED
FINANCE tables (Y/N/P)
levels or sub-categories
Theoretical starting age
Theoretical cumulative
/ qualification structure
Theoretical cumulative
data collection (Y/N/P)
Notes on programmes
based element? (Y/N)
years of education at
Reported in the UOE
Reported in the UOE
Code of credential in
duration at ISCED 5
Programme number
Theoretical duration
of the programme
ISCMAP-QUAL
for adults (Y/N)
within level>)
ISCED level
Enrolments
Description name of Minimum entrance Main diplomas,
created
National name of the the programme in requirement (ISCED credentials and
programme English level or other) certifications awarded Notes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
prog.06.02 2003- 6 Stipendprogram Artistic Research 5A - 2 or 5-year Diploma 24-25 3 21 N N Y Y xr:32 Advanced programme in artistic development
2004 for kunstnerisk Fellowship Master's degree work, 3 years, at similar level as the ph.d.
utviklingsarbeid Programme or similar artistic Candidates are admitted to the National
qualification Norwegian Artistic Research Fellowship
Programme and are formally not students, but
employed as research fellows. Candidates
undergo a structured programme and have to
produce an independent artistic project of high
international standard with documentation.
prog.06.03 traditio 6 - - - - - - Doktorgrad Doctorate 5A Dr.philos. 24-25 - - N N N Y Y 1,100 Alternative research degree to ph.d., but not a
nal structured programme.
* The cumulative numbers indicated are those valid for the cohorts born in 1991 and after, i.e. those leaving upper secondary school in spring 2008. For earlier cohorts, 1 year shorter should be accounted.
** Not a general requirement, but many programmes are specifically designed for part-time attendance.
*** Since the academic year 2003/2004, the 'høgskolekandidat' degree is of 2 years' duration. In the previous degree system, the 'høgskolekandidat' degree was of 2, 2 1/2, 3 or 4 years' duration.
****For technical reasons, the ISCED mappings for UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) countries are published in the format used in the UOE data collection.
Note 1: The general admission requirements to tertiary education include completed general upper secondary education (3A) or training (3C) including, or with the addition of, six subjects: Norwegian, Mathematics, English, Natural science, History and Social
sciences.
Note 2: Although it does not apply generally, some programmes have a slight work-based element.
Note 3: All tertiary institutions have some programmes specifically designed for adults.
Note 4: All tertiary institutions have some programmes specifically designed for part-time attendance.
Note 5: The admission requirement is a Bachelor's degree, a cand.mag. degree, or a similar tertiary programme of minimum 3 years' duration.
Note 6: The exception is the programme in Architecture at the School of Architecture and Design, which is 5 1/2 years' duration.
dba14680-eee1-479b-9198-db24f817bc66.xls ISCMAP-PROG - 3/6
UOE Data Collection: Table ISCMAP-QUAL
ISCMAP-
QUAL MAPPING OF NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS*: NORWAY
NORWAY
School year: 2007/2008
(qual.<number within level>)
Completion requirement Qualification without enrolment Graduates reported in UOE Graduates not reported in UOE
Year when qualification was
ISCED level of qualification
Can it be obtained without
successful completion of
hours, AND exam. (Y/N)
course hours only (Y/N)
Series of exams during
Specified no. of course
Qualification number
a programme? (Y/N)
Specified number of
Destination (A/B/C)
Final exam. (Y/N)
Estimat
enrolment in and
e of %
of
prog. (Y/N)
introduced
course
Programmes designed to examin Course Specific under what Programmes Number of Programmes Number of
National name Name in English lead to it ed hours requirement conditions? Awarding organisation(s) numbers graduates numbers graduates Notes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
qual.01 2 A Fullført grunnskole Compulsory ISCED 1 & 2 N N N Y 9842 N prog.02.01 62,500 prog.02.02 m Only enrolment data on prog.02.02 available.
education diploma programmes
qual.02 3 A/ Kompetanse på Lower competence ISCED 2 N N N N N prog.03.01 xr:8 http://www.vilbli.no/4daction/WA_Artikkel/?ASP
C lavere nivå level programmes and =29403229&Ran=44696&Niva=V&Return=WA
prog.03.03 _Artikkel&Artikkel=007507&TP=06-10-
08&Bok=006657&Sprakvalg=True&Lan=3
qual.03 3 A Generell General ISCED 3A Y Y Y 17% N N prog.03.01 35,000
studiekompetanse programmes programmes and
prog.03.02
qual.04 3 C Yrkeskompetanse Vocational ISCED 3C Y Y Y 62% N N prog.03.03, 24,000
qualifications programmes prog.03.04
and
prog.03.05
qual.05 4 A Forkurs Preparatory ISCED 4A Y N N N N prog.04.01 600
courses for studies programmes
in tertiary education
qual.06 4 C Fagskoleutdanning Vocational ISCED 4C Y see see see see see note see note N Institutions with prog.04.02 2,200
education programmes note note note note 9 9 programmes accredited
9 9 9 9 according to law on
vocational education.
qual.07 5 B Høgskolekandidatgr University college ISCED 5B Y Y see see see see note N, see note Accredited university prog.05.01 600
ad degree programmes (2 note note note 8 7 colleges, the university
years) 8 8 8 of Stavanger and private
HE-institutions with
recognised study
programmes.
qual.08 2003/ 5 A Bachelorgrad Bachelor's degree ISCED 5A Y Y see see see see note N, see note All accredited tertiary prog.05.02 18,700
2004 programmes, 3 and note note note 8 7 education institutions and
4 years 8 8 8 and private HE prog.05.03
institutions with
recognised study
programmes.
qual.10 2003/ 5 A Allmennlærerutdan General teacher ISCED 5A Y Y see see see see note N Accredited university prog.05.04 m
2004 ning og education and programmes, 4 note note note 8 colleges, the university
faglærerutdanning i special subject years 8 8 8 of Stavanger and private
praktisk-estetiske teacher education HE-institutions with
fag in practical- recognised study
aesthetic subjects programmes.
qual. 11 5 A Videreutdanning Specialisation ISCED 5 A Y see see see see note N All accredited tertiary These are specialisations of 1, 1,5 or 2 years'
courses programmes, 1 - 2 note note note 8 education institutions duration building on a bachelor's degree but
years 8 8 8 and private HE not leading to a master's degree. Most are
institutions with vocationally oriented, eg. a number of
recognised study specialisations for nurses.
programmes.
qual.12 2003 5 A Mastergrad Master's degree ISCED 5A Y, Y see see see see note N Accredited universities prog.05.05 120
programmes, 1 - see note note note 8 and specialised
1,5 years note 8 8 8 university institutions
10 plus accredited
university colleges with
PhD programmes in the
field concerned and/or
special recognition for
the programme(s)
concerned, as well as
private HE institutions
with recognised study
programmes.
dba14680-eee1-479b-9198-db24f817bc66.xls ISCMAP-QUAL - 4/6
UOE Data Collection: Table ISCMAP-QUAL
(qual.<number within level>)
Completion requirement Qualification without enrolment Graduates reported in UOE Graduates not reported in UOE
Year when qualification was
ISCED level of qualification
Can it be obtained without
successful completion of
hours, AND exam. (Y/N)
course hours only (Y/N)
Series of exams during
Specified no. of course
Qualification number
a programme? (Y/N)
Specified number of
Destination (A/B/C)
Final exam. (Y/N)
Estimat
enrolment in and
e of %
of
prog. (Y/N)
introduced
course
Programmes designed to examin Course Specific under what Programmes Number of Programmes Number of
National name Name in English lead to it ed hours requirement conditions? Awarding organisation(s) numbers graduates numbers graduates Notes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
qual.13 2003/ 5 A Mastergrad Master's degree ISCED 5A Y, Y see see see see note Includes N, see note Accredited universities prog.05.06 xr:22 The most common master's degree
2004 programmes, 2 see note note note 8 compulso 7 and specialised programme
years note 8 8 8 ry university institutions,
10 independ plus accredited
ent work university colleges with
(thesis) of PhD programmes in the
minimum field concerned and/or
30 and special recognition for
maximum the programme(s)
60 concerned, as well as
credits, private HE institutions
i.e 0,5 - 1 with recognised study
year programmes.
qual.15 2003/ 5 A Mastergrad Master's degree ISCED 5A Y, Y see see see see note Includes N Accredited universities, prog.05.07 6300
2004 programmes, 5 see note note note 8 compulso Oslo School of
years integrated note 8 8 8 ry Architecture, Agder
10 independ University College,
ent work Bergen School of
(thesis) of Architecture (private)
minimum
20 and
maximum
60
credits,
i.e 0,33
qual.16 2003/ 5 A Erfaringsbasert Experience-based ISCED 5A Y, Y see see see see note Includes N Accredited universities prog.05.08 m
2004 mastergrad Master's degree programmes, 1,5 - see note note note 8 compulso and specialised
2 years note 8 8 8 ry university institutions,
10 independ Finnamrk University
ent work College and Norwegian
(thesis) of School of Management
minimum and Business
30 and Administartion (BI,
maximum private)
60
credits,
i.e 0,5 - 1
year
qual.17 5 A Lengre Long professional ISCED 5A Y, Y see see see see note N University of Oslo, prog.05.09 1400
profesjonsutdannin programmes programmes, 6 see note note note 8 University of Bergen,
ger years note 8 8 8 University of Tromsø,
10 Norwegian University of
Science and
Technology, Norwegian
School of Theology (MF)
and School of Mission
and Theology (MHS)
qual.18 2003/ 6 philosophiae doctor PhD ISCED 6 Compulso N Accredited universities prog.06.01 560
2004 (ph.d) programmes, 3 ry thesis and specialised
years university institutions,
Bodø University
College, Gjøvik
University College,
Molde University
College, Oslo University
College, Telemark
University College
qual.19 2003/ 6 stipendprogram for Artistic Research ISCED 6 Compulso N Bergen and Oslo
2004 kunstnerisk Fellowship programme, 3 years ry National Academies of
utviklingsarbeid Programme independ the Arts, Norwegian
ent National Academy of
artistic Music, Universities of
project Bergen, Agder and
with Stavanger, NTNU,
document University Colleges of
ation Lillehammer, Tromsø
and Østfold
dba14680-eee1-479b-9198-db24f817bc66.xls ISCMAP-QUAL - 5/6
UOE Data Collection: Table ISCMAP-QUAL
(qual.<number within level>)
Completion requirement Qualification without enrolment Graduates reported in UOE Graduates not reported in UOE
Year when qualification was
ISCED level of qualification
Can it be obtained without
successful completion of
hours, AND exam. (Y/N)
course hours only (Y/N)
Series of exams during
Specified no. of course
Qualification number
a programme? (Y/N)
Specified number of
Destination (A/B/C)
Final exam. (Y/N)
Estimat
enrolment in and
e of %
of
prog. (Y/N)
introduced
course
Programmes designed to examin Course Specific under what Programmes Number of Programmes Number of
National name Name in English lead to it ed hours requirement conditions? Awarding organisation(s) numbers graduates numbers graduates Notes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
qual.20 traditi 6 doctor philosophiae Doctorate ISCED 6 Compulso Y University of Oslo, prog.06.03 420
onal (dr. philos) (dr.philos.) programmes ry thesis University of Bergen,
University of Tromsø
and Norwegian
University of Science
and Technology
*For technical reasons, the ISCED mappings for UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) countries are published in the format used in the UOE data collection.
Note 7: In certain cases, it is possible to obtain a degree without enrolment in and successful completion of the course. There are two ways in which this can be done:
1. A qualification from abroad can be recognised as satisfying the criteria for a Norwegian degree, meaning that the person in question is entitled to use the Norwegian degree as well as the one from abroad.
2. In programmes in which assessment is or can be done solely on the basis of examinations, external candidates can be allowed to sit for regular or especially designed examinations and thus obtain the
If examinations have to be made especially, the higher education institution can request a fee to cover costs. This possibility is not open to programmes with compulsory work or work practice or the like.
Note 8: Decisions relating to content, compulsory courses, work practice and other requirements, as well as to the assessment of students, are all delegated to the higher education institutions.
However, the Ministry has laid down frameworks for certain vocationally oriented programmes of 3 to 4 years' duration, eg in nursing, teacher education, engineering, and the like.
The Ministry has also made a national regulation on certain requirements for the Master's degree: Regulation (forskrift) no. 1574 of 16 December 2005.
The tertiary education institutions are under legal obligation to have the independent work for the higher (master's) degree assessed by minimum two examiners, of whom at least one must be external.
In addition, it should be noted that at the tertiary level, work load for students is generally described in terms of credits - 60 per year, as in the ECTS system.
Note 9: Programmes at ISCED level 4 ("fagskoleutdanning") are accredited individually by NOKUT, the Norwegian Agency for Quality Assurance in Education.
As courses are very varied, the organisation of examinations and course hours, etc vary from one course to another, and so do particular specific requirements.
Note 10: In a number of programmes, the independent work (i.e. thesis, artistic development work, or the like) comes at the very end.
dba14680-eee1-479b-9198-db24f817bc66.xls ISCMAP-QUAL - 6/6
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