Chapter 9

							                 Unit 3 Review
   Make sure everyone at your table has the correct
    answer written on their paper
   You may send someone to the hint station
   Once each member of your table has the correct
    answer written, stand up and take a step away from
    the table
   Mr. W. will record what place your group received
    and he will choose a member of your group to
    record the answer on your team’s marker board in
    the front of the room (without any paper or other
    support)
   Double check the correct response with your study
    guide
          Question # 1

 How  many members are on the
 U.S. Supreme Court?
          Solution # 1

 There are 9 members on the
  United States Supreme Court.
 Objective 4, # 1a
          Question # 2

 What parts of the country are
 gaining seats in Congress due to
 reapportionment?
            Solution # 2

 The  South and West, especially
  Florida, Texas and California are
  gaining seats in Congress due to
  reapportionment.
 Objective One, 4 b
           Question # 3
 Inthe Presidential Debate of 1960,
 whom did most people think won the
 televised debate? Who did most
 people who listened to the debate over
 the radio think one? Who won the
 election?
              Solution # 3
 Most people who watched the Presidential
  debate of 1960 believed that JFK had one,
  while most who listened to it on the radio
  thought that Nixon had one. JFK ended
  up winning the election, proving the power
  of the influence of television media on
  politics.
 Objective Two, #5
          Question # 4

 Name  the three types of
  primaries.
 What type of primary does
  Texas have?
           Solution # 4

 The  three types of primaries are
  closed, open and blanket
  primaries. Texas has an open
  primary.
 Objective three, # 6
         Question # 5

   What is the only mention
    of the idea of equality in
    the Constitution?
                Solution # 5

 The   14 th
           amendment is the only
  mention of equality in the
  Constitution.
 Objective four, # 3b
         Question # 6

   Explain the term minority
    majority.
             Solution # 6

 Minority majority states that
  America will eventually cease to
  have a white, generally Anglo-
  Saxon majority
 Objective one, # 3
         Question # 7

   Name the five tasks
    assigned to political
    parties.
              Solution # 7
 The five tasks assigned to
 political parties are to Pick
 Candidates, Run Campaigns,
 Give Cues to Voters, Articulate
 Policies and Coordinate
 Policymaking.
 Objective   three, # 3
         Question # 8

   Define bias and give two
    examples of bias in the
    media.
                Solution # 8
 Biasin the media occurs when
  newsmakers tend to favor one point of
  view over another.
 Answers vary, but may include that the
  media does what will get them the
  highest ratings. Compare / contrast
  Fox News to MSNBC
   Objective two, # 7
         Question # 9

   What does the
    establishment clause to
    the first amendment state?
          Solution # 9

The  establishment clause
 states that “Congress shall
 make no law respecting an
 establishment of religion.”
 Objective   four, # 2a
       Question # 10

 What   happens to
  political participation as
  income increases?
 As age increases?
          Solution # 10

Statisticallyspeaking,
 political participation
 increases as one’s income
 increases and as one ages.
 Objective   one, # 6
        Monday, October 26, 2009
 Happy Monday!
 Please get out your
     Unit3 Study Guide (on my website)
     Chapter 6, 7 & 8 Notes

 Remember, Unit 3 Test Tomorrow
 Chapter 9 Reading complete by Wednesday /
  Thursday – Quiz?
 Chapter 10 Reading complete by Friday -
  Quiz?
Chapter 9
 Nominations and
   Campaigns
       Two Stages of Campaigns
   1. Nomination—
    party’s official
    endorsement of a
    candidate for office
      Requires $, media,
       momentum

    2. Campaigns—
      between two
      nominees
       Campaign Strategy
   Way in which candidates attempt to
    manipulate each of these elements
     $, Media, and momentum
    Potential Pres Candidates need:
 To be risk takers
 An electoral base (House, Senate)

 Sufficient self-confidence
 With  your table, discuss why you
  think President Obama won the
  Presidential Election two years ago.
 How did Obama use
  money, media, and
  momentum to his
  advantage?
             Reminders…
 Remember, Unit 3 Test Tomorrow – Make
  sure your study guide is complete
 Chapter 9 Reading complete by Wednesday /
  Thursday – Quiz?
 Chapter 10 Reading complete by Friday -
  Quiz?
   It’s Timed Writing Thursday! –10/29
 Please get out some paper and something
  to write with.
   Directions: You have 100 minutes to answer all four of the
    following questions. Unless the directions indicate otherwise,
    respond to all parts of all four questions. It is suggested that
    you take a few minutes to plan and outline each answer.
    Spend approximately one-fourth of your time (25 minutes) on
    each question. In your response, use substantive examples
    when appropriate. Make certain to number each of your
    answers as the question is numbered below.
   Stand up and push your chair under your desk.
   For the next two minutes, walk around the room
    and look at what students at other tables wrote.
   Upon returning to your desk, write at the bottom
    of your paper what good ideas and answers you
    saw on other student’s papers
   Discuss with your table to make sure that
    everyone at your table has a good answer to the
    question
        Thursday 10/29/2009
 Please get out your Chapter 9 notes for our
  Chapter 9 reading quiz over nominations
  and campaigns.
 Please get your clicker.

 Reminder – Read Chapter 10 by Monday
Chapter 9
 Nominations and
   Campaigns
Survivor– Discuss with your table which of the following items
we do not need in our government and can be “kicked off of the
      island.” Be able to justify your choice based on your
 understanding of the concepts. Each person should be able to
share the group’s thinking and should record on their own paper
                  the reason to reject the item.
 Federalism

 Linkage   institutions
 Supremacy clause

 Reapportionment

 The Mass Media

 Political Parties
       Two Stages of Campaigns
   1. Nomination—
    party’s official
    endorsement of a
    candidate for office
      Requires $, media,
       momentum

    2. Campaigns—
      between two
      nominees
       Campaign Strategy
   Way in which candidates attempt to
    manipulate each of these elements
     $, Media, and momentum
 With  your table, discuss how
  money, media and
  momentum help to get a
  political candidate elected.
 Which one do you think you
  could win without?
    Potential Pres Candidates need:
 To be risk takers
 An electoral base (House, Senate)

 Sufficient self-confidence
 With  your table, discuss why you
  think President Obama won the
  Presidential Election two years ago.
 How did Obama use
  money, media, and
  momentum to his
  advantage?
       National Party Convention
   Supreme power w/in
    each of the parties
   Nominates party’s
    pres & v pres and
    writes party platform
    every 4 yrs
   Each of the 50 states
    chooses their
    delegates
               Caucus
 Meeting  of state
 party leaders to
 select delegates
   Used before
    primaries
    existed
                  Iowa
 Nation’s first caucus
 Very important

 Huge predictor of candidate’s success
    1968 Democratic Convention
 Chicago
 Demonstrators against the war

 Ended up being a police riot

 Result…………
 McGovern-Fraser Convention
 1968
 Minority groups requesting reform

 All delegate selection required to be open
               Superdelegates
   National party leaders
    who automatically get
    a delegate slot at the
    Dem national party
    convention
   Primaries far more
    crucial than
    superdelegates
               Frontloading
   Recent tendency of
    states to hold
    primaries early in the
    calendar to capitalize
    on media attention
      Begins in winter in
       NH—huge media
       coverage
Criticisms of Caucus and Primary
              System
 1. Disproportionate attention to early ones
 2. Prominent politicians—difficult to take
  time away from their duties
 3. $ -- too big of a role

 4. Voter participation low and
  unrepresentative
    20% in primaries
   5. Too much
    power to media
      Label candidates
       too early
 Discuss     with your table which criticism
    of the primary and caucus system you
    think is the most valid.
   1. Disproportionate attention to early ones
   2. Prominent politicians—difficult to take time away
    from their duties
   3. $ -- too big of a role
   4. Voter participation low and unrepresentative
      20% in primaries

   5. Too much power to media
      Label candidates too early
          National Convention
   Day 1—keynote speech, condemns opposition
    party
   Day 2—centers on party platforms, goals,
    policies
   Day 3—formally nominating a pres
   Day 4—VP chosen
             Campaigning
 Art & Science
 Relies much on tech.—especially television
  to reach voters
              Media Coverage
1.   How candidates use
     their advertising
     budget
2.   The “free” attention
     they get as
     newsmakers
Things needed for a campaign…
Campaign manager
Fundraiser
Campaign counsel
Media & campaign consultants
Campaign staff, research, policy advisors
Plan logistics
Pollster
Good press secretary
    Federal Election Campaign Act of
                   1974
   Provided public financing for pres primaries &
    general elections, limited pres campaign
    spending, required disclosure, and attempted to
    limit contributions
Federal Election Commission (FEC)
   6 members
   Bipartisan
   Administers campaign
    finance laws & enforces
    compliance w/ their
    requirements
                   Buckley v Valeo
   1976 SC ruled that
    candidates would not
    be limited as to how
    much of their own $
    they could spend on
    their own campaigns
               Soft Money
   Political contributions earmarked for party-
    building expenses at the grass root level
    for generic party advertising
       --no contribution limits
                      PAC’s
   Political Action Committees
   Funding vehicles created by the 1974 campaign
    finance reforms
   Many see these as an open system of graft
   PAC’s must report their financial doings to the
    FEC
Political Action
Committees
  Chapter 10 & 11 Presentations

 Be creative
 Make sure you present in a way
  that the rest of us will learn /
  remember it
 Presentations begin Thursday
  10/14
                       Money
   Candidate’s biggest
    concern
      --public financing of
       congressional
       campaigns would
       eliminate this problem
      --incumbents are not
       going to consent to =
       financing for people
       running against them
          Doctrine of Sufficiency
   Enough $ must be spent
    to get a message across
    to compete effectively
    but outspending one’s
    opponents is not always
    necessary.
 Discuss  with your table the
  different ways campaigns are
  funded.
 What do you believe is the fairest
  way to fund a campaign?
How do campaigns effect voters?
   1. Reinforcement
   2. Activation
   3. Conversion

   * Mostly they reinforce & activate, rarely do
    they convert
What weakens campaigns??
 1.Selective
 Perception—
 interpreting
 events according
 to their own
 predispositions
   2. Party ID—less
    important, but still
    does influence
    voters
   3. Incumbents—
    start w/ a
    substantial
    advantage in terms
    of name
    recognition and an
    established track
    record
  Chapter 10 & 11 Presentations

 Be prepared to present your
  Chapter 10 & 11 projects
 Be creative

 Make sure you present in a way
  that the rest of us will learn /
  remember it
 Volunteers?
  Chapter 10 & 11 Presentations

 Be creative
 Make sure you present in a way
  that the rest of us will learn /
  remember it
 Presentations begin Wednesday
  10/13