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STUDY ON MEMORY OF 9/11 TERRORIST ATTACKS ON THE U.S.
SURVEY 3
SHORT-ANSWER MANUAL
FOR
DATA ENTRY
(With Addition of Revised Addendum coding)
Last Revised: 3/11/12
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction Page 2
Special Notes Page 3
Identification (Columns 1 – 4) Pages 4– 5
Additional Front Page Questions (Columns 5 – 7) Page 6
Demographics (Columns 8 – 27) Pages 7 – 15
Question #2 (Columns 28 – 32) Pages 16 – 18
Question #3 (Columns 33 – 34) Page 19
Question #4 (Columns 35 – 37) Pages 20 – 21
Question #5 (Columns 38 – 39) Page 22
Question #6 (Columns 40 – 64) Pages 23 – 24
Question #7 (Columns 65 – 66) Pages 25 – 27
Question #8 (Columns 67 – 69) Pages 28 – 31
Question #9 (Columns 70 – 71) Page 32
Question #10 (Columns 72 – 73) Page 33
Question #13 (Column 74) Page 34
Question #14 (Column 75) Page 35
Question #15 (Column 76) Page 35
Question #16 (Column 77) Page 35
Question #17 (Column 78) Page 36
Question #18 (Column 79) Page 36
Question #19 (Columns 80 – 105) Pages 37 – 44
Question #20 (Column 106) Page 45
Question #21 (Column 107) Page 45
Question #22 (Column 108) Page 45
Question #23 (Columns 109 – 116) Pages 46 – 47
Question #24 (Columns 117 – 128) Pages 48 – 50
Question #25 (Columns 129 – 138) Page 51
Question #26 (Columns 139 – 140) Pages 52 – 53
Question #27 (Column 141) Page 54
Question #28 (Columns 142 – 160) Pages 55 – 56
Question #29 (Columns 161 – 172) Pages 57 – 59
Question #30 (Column 173) Page 60
Question #31 (Column 174) Page 61
Question #32 (Column 175) Page 61
Question #33 (Column 176) Page 61
Question #34 (Column 177) Page 62
Question #35 (Column 178) Page 62
Question #36 (Columns 179 – 204) Pages 63 – 70
Question #37 (Brigham: Q38) (Columns 205 – 210) Pages 71 – 72
Question #41 (Brigham: Q42) (Columns 211 – 236) Pages 73 – 75
Question #42 (Brigham: Q30) (Column 237) Page 76
Question #43 (Brigham: Q31) (Column 238) Page 77
Question #44 (Brigham: Q32) (Column 239) Page 77
Question #45 (Brigham: Q33) (Column 240) Page 77
Question #46 (Brigham: Q34) (Column 241) Page 78
Question #47 (Brigham: Q35) (Column 242) Page 78
Question #48 (Brigham: Q36) (Columns 243 – 268) Pages 79 – 86
Question #49 (Brigham: Q43) (Columns 269 & 300) Page 87
Question #50 (Brigham: Q44) (Columns 270 & 301) Page 87
Question #51 (Brigham: Q45) (Columns 271 – 273 & 302) Page 88
Question #55 (Brigham: Q49) (Columns 274 – 299) Pages 89 – 91
Question Brigham #50 (Columns 303 – 318) Page 92
1
INTRODUCTION
The following is a coding scheme created to help researchers in various fields of
cognitive and social sciences as regards the data entered by approximately 1400
nationwide participants on a follow-up memory survey of the terrorist attacks on the
United States, on September 11, 2001. This second-round survey was distributed
between August 3-17, 2002. Participants were offered the option of filling out the
questionnaire by hand or on-line.
It is the aim of this coding to anticipate as many cross-referential uses of the data as is
possible so as to be an aid to multiple disciplines in the fields of cognitive and social
sciences.
Coding will be entered onto a Microsoft Excel grid spreadsheet. Each column will have a
heading that will refer to the particular information or question on the survey. For
example, for demographic information: “Age”, “Gender”, etc.
Although the demographic information for each participant is located at the end of the
survey, the coding of this information will be listed in the beginning columns. This will
help identify each survey and participant more quickly.
All headings will list the Question # and an abbreviated phrasing of the question. For
example, the full question for Question #6 is, “Who else was there?" All columns
pertaining to Question #6 will contain the heading: “Question #6 – Who Else”. Further
distinctions of columns will be added to the heading to make the column more specific:
“Question #6 – Who Else (Colleague)”.
Most questions, whether directly targeting specific information or prompting the
participant to enter various responses, will require multiple columns that will be used in
helping to categorize the information.
In the majority of questions, the category “Other” will be included for responses not
anticipated in the initial coding. These additional responses will be recorded on
addendum lists corresponding to the respective questions. Should any consistency arise
for a particular response within this list (approximately 50 or more respondents), that
response will be added to the initial grouping of anticipated responses. Added
categories/columns are noted, when applicable.
Although the survey was designed to alternate between short-answer questions and open-
ended questions, the following manual contains the sequential order of only the second-
round short-answer coding questions and instructions. The open-ended coding
instructions, for Survey 2, will be incorporated into a separate manual.
2
SPECIAL NOTES:
a) The main issue for the coding is to capture the information as stated by the participant. This means to
try NOT to infer the information. In certain cases, where noted, you may refer to other parts of the survey
to determine more specifically the response entered.
b) Read the overviews and coding instructions for all questions, including notes for Web-site Surveys.
c) Review all selections before coding to confirm that you enter the most appropriate choice.
d) If you have any doubt about the coding, either on the hand-print or the web-site surveys, highlight the
particular “cell(s)” and ask Brett or Robert to review. If we're not around, highlight and move on.
e) Make sure to enter a code for every cell. DO NOT LEAVE ANY CELL BLANK.
f) “Not Stated”: Use this to designate when a participant did not provide a response to the question. For
example, the participant wrote “None” under “Religion”. Since the participant did enter a response, the
coding would go under “Other”, and “None” would be entered in the addendum list. In some cases,
where noted, "Not Stated" will include certain responses.
g) Please check off on the survey itself, in pen, each question as you answer it. When finished coding all
your questions, please check off the top right corner of the top page to denote data entry has been
completed. Don’t forget to include demographic questions.
h) If a survey has no 7-digit Subject ID, enter “NO ID” in “Subject ID” and continue on with survey.
i) In “Survey ID”, do not enter space or hyphen between letters and numbers (i.e. correct = “NSU021C”,
incorrect = “NSU_021C” or "NSU-021C"). Also, use 3 digits for all numbers (i.e. 001, 010, 100, etc.).
j) If a response potentially applies to more than one coding selection, but is not specific enough to make a
decision, please highlight. Then ask Brett or Robert or, if we're not around, move on to the next question:
For example, a participant wrote for “Question 4 – Where were you (Actual Site)”: “At my PC”. Since
this response coincides potentially with three of the provided selections (Home, School, Work Office),
ask either Brett or Robert, or highlight and move on. If the location may be determined more precisely,
then code appropriately. If not, then enter as "Other" and enter the response in the addendum.
When responses do not apply to provided selections, code as “Other” and enter responses in addendum.
SPECIAL NOTES FOR WEB-SITE SURVEYS:
a) Code numerical entries as they appear on the surveys. For worded responses, use coding manual.
b) If you come across something confusing, repetitive, or omitted, please highlight and ask.
SPECIAL NOTES ON ADDENDUM:
The addendum will be coded on a separate worksheet in the same Microsoft Excel document. No matter
how many entries you place in the addendum under a particular question, record in parentheses the
number of total addendum entries made for that question, for that participant (e.g. "Golfing (1)"). When
more than one response is entered, add additional rows for that participant, and again, by each entry,
record in parentheses the total # of addendum responses for that question. When adding additional rows,
make sure to enter the required ID codes in the first two columns. Unlike the main coding worksheet, you
may leave cells blank where no addendum entries are required.
3
IDENTIFICATION
NOTE: IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE ID CODINGS ARE ACCURATE.
If ID codes are illegible or atypical, ask Brett or Robert, or highlight and move on.
Overview:
The first four columns help to identify each survey and participant:
A) The first column ("sa1") identifies the university from where the survey originated
combined with an assigned 3-digit number, starting with 001, 002, etc. (e.g. NSU001C,
NSU002C, and so on). These are located at the top right corner of each survey. Do not
hyphenate between the school & the number (e.g. NSU-001C is incorrect; NSU001C
is correct). The suffix "C" denotes the 3rd round of surveys in the overall study.
NOTE: Because the combined S1/S2/S3 SPSS matrix requires matching ID codes from all three
rounds, where applicable, six columns are added, for post-coding, to the S3 Excel matrix.
These help identify: a) the 1st Round (S1) Survey ID ("sa1-1st Round"); b) the SPSS 1st
Round Subject ID ("sa2-SPSS"); c) the 2nd Round (S2) Survey ID ("sa1-2nd Round"); d)
the SPSS 2nd Round Subject ID ("sa3-SPSS"); e) the survey "rounds" in which each
person participated (“Survey Rounds”); and f) any discrepancy in the Subject ID coding
between rounds (“Subject ID Difference”). For the 3rd round coding, the coders will use
only the columns "sa1" and "sa2" to identify the 3rd Round Survey IDs and Subject IDs as
designated on the 3rd Round surveys.
B) The second column ("sa2") identifies the participant by using the 7-digit coding at the
beginning of the survey. AGAIN, PLEASE MAKE SURE THIS IS ACCURATE.
C) The third column ("sa3") identifies the survey type (Hand-Printed or Web-Site, or
Phone Version). The phone version is applicable only to Harvard (S1 & S2) and
Brigham (S3) surveys.
D) The fourth column ("sa4") identifies the survey version. These are defined either as
Confidence A, B, C, or Forecasting A, B, C. These distinctions of Confidence and
Forecasting are found in rating schemes, provided with some of the questions, which
target either memory confidence or projected forecasting. A, B, & C refer to different
order sequences for the events listed in Question #29. For hand-print surveys, refer to the
bottom left corner of the survey. For web-site surveys, refer to the "Subject" heading or
the entry for "Survey" or "Survey Type".
For Swedish surveys only, there is an added “Confidence” version (“CD”), which will be
coded as “7”.
For Brigham surveys only, other survey version designations will be used to denote
different categories of participant pools.
4
Column 1
Heading: “Survey ID”
Coding: Assigned per survey (i.e. NSU001C, NSU002C, NYU001C, NYU002C, etc.)
NSU001C = First survey of New School University, etc.
NYU001C = First survey of New York University, etc.
Column 2
Heading: “Subject ID”
Coding: 7-digit ID code entered by participant (USE UPPERCASE & INCLUDE HYPHEN)
NOTE: For Brigham: enter Prefix initials noted by telephone coder.
Column 3
Heading: "Survey Type"
Coding: 1 = Hand-Print
2 = Web-Site
3 = Phone Version (applicable to Harvard (S1 & S2) and Brigham (S3) surveys)
Column 4
Heading: “Survey Version”
Coding: 1 = CA
2 = CB
3 = CC
4 = FA
5 = FB
6 = FC
7 = CD (one of the Swedish versions)
8 = “c” (one of the Brigham versions)
9 = “mci” (one of the Brigham versions)
10 = “ad” (one of the Brigham versions)
11 = “ad/mci” (one of the Brigham versions)
No Column #
Heading: “Survey Rounds”
Coding: 1 = S1 only
2 = S2 only
3 = S2 and S1
4 = Participant from S2 stated participation in S1, but no ID match found
5 = S3 only
6 = S3 and S1
7 = S3 and S2
8 = S3 and S2 and S1
9 = Participant from S3 stated participation in prior round(s), but no ID matches found
10 = Participant from Brigham for whom prior survey rounds were not coded
NOTE: This column will be coded by Robert, after all coding for S3 is completed.
5
ADDITIONAL FRONT PAGE QUESTIONS
Overview:
These columns (Columns 5-7, plus the two "Charity" columns) address additional
questions on the first page of the survey.
REMEMBER: *** FOR WEB SURVEYS, CODE NUMBERS AS PRINTED ***
Column 5
Heading: "2nd Round Participant" (As entered by participant)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Yes
2 = No
Column 6
Heading: "1st Round Participant" (As entered by participant)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Yes
2 = No
No Column #
Heading: "2nd Round Participant" (Actual status) NOTE: ROBERT WILL CODE
Coding: 1 = Yes
2 = No
No Column #
Heading: "1st Round Participant" (Actual status) NOTE: ROBERT WILL CODE
Coding: 1 = Yes
2 = No
No Column #
Heading: "Charity"
Coding: 0 = American Red Cross
1 = New York Times 9/11 Neediest Funds
2 = TBD charity to help fund WTC memorial
3 = No preference
4 = Not stated (No response given)
No Column #
Heading: "Charity - Discrepancy"
Coding: 0 = No Discrepancy between 2nd and 3rd Round
1 = Discrepancy Noted
2 = Not Applicable (Participant only took part in S1)
Column 7
Heading: "Date Participated"
Coding: Enter __/__/__
00/00/00 = Not stated (No response given)
6
DEMOGRAPHICS
Overview:
Columns 8–27 will categorize the following demographic information:
Age
Gender
Student - Level
Student - Where
Religion
Race / Ethnicity
Political Affiliation
Home of Origin
Present Residence
Assistance on Survey
Helped by Whom
Other Survey Assistance
Psychological Counseling
Financial Assistance
Received Survey from Where
Fahrenheit 9/11
Coding for the above is further explained as you arrive at instructions for each column.
Column 8
Heading: “Age”
Coding: Enter actual number of years
0 = Not stated (No response given)
Column 9
Heading: “Gender”
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Female
2 = Male
Column 10
Heading: “Student - Level”
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Non-student
2 = High school
3 = Undergraduate
4 = Post-graduate
5 = Student (Level Unknown)
No Column # (Enter in addendum only)
Heading: “Student - Where”
Coding: Enter response in addendum
7
Column 11
Heading: “Religion”
Notes: Agnostic/Atheist becomes "Agnostic"
None, N/A, Unaffiliated, No religion, Non-practicing (unspecified) becomes "None"
Pagan, Wiccan, Santerian, Bahai, Miscellaneous entries becomes "Other"
Non-denominational and all sects that fall under Christianity becomes "Christian"
Atheist combined with another religion becomes the other religion stated
Multiple entries or responses not on the established list become "Other". Enter
into addendum the responses as they are stated on the survey.
Catholic & Protestant, including all sects (e.g. Lutheran, Methodist, etc.)
become "Christian"
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = Christian
2 = Jewish
3 = Muslim (Include "Islam")
4 = Hindu
5 = Buddhist
6 = Atheist
7 = Agnostic
8 = Other (Enter response(s) in addendum)
Added coding: 9 = None
Column 12
Heading: “Race / Ethnicity”
Notes: American combined with another ethnicity/race becomes that other ethnicity/race
American unspecified, "Human", "None" becomes "Not Stated"
Filipino becomes "Asian"
Caribbean, Guyanese becomes "Black"
Latino = Hispanic
Syrian, Lebanese, Egyptian constitutes "Arabic"
Persian/Iranian = Other
European/Eastern European locales, Jewish, Armenian, Turkish, Caucasian
= "White"
Indian unspecified or Indian American = East Indian
(unless other information states/implies Native American/American Indian)
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = White
2 = Black
3 = Asian
4 = Hispanic
5 = Arabic
6 = East Indian
7 = American Indian
8 = Other (Enter response(s) in addendum)
Added coding: 9 = Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander
Added coding: 10 = Mixed
8
Column 13
Heading: “Political Affiliation”
Notes: The definitions below are an attempt to cover the predominant spectrum of American
political discourse. Using the basis of publications such as The Weekly Standard or Fox
News to represent the more Conservative/Right-wing elements of American politics, and
The Nation to represent the more Liberal/Left-wing elements, we have deduced certain
issues or perspectives representative of these demographic divisions. Of course, more
extreme stances or affiliations will be coded accordingly (e.g. "Anarchist" would be
coded under "Extreme Left").
Liberal, Progressive, Egalitarian constitutes "Moderate Left"
Conservative, Libertarian constitutes "Moderate Right"
Eclectic, Combinations of extremes, No affiliation "with parties" becomes "Independent"
No Affiliation "general", None, Not Sure, Hate Politics, Uncommitted becomes "None"
Moderate or Mixed unspecified, Neutral, or combinations of both sides becomes "Center"
Unspecified (i.e. "Extremely Strong") will be coded as "Other"
If the party stated matches any of those listed in the coding, then make entry under that
selection. For example, the participant entered “Democrat on the far left.” Even
though the participant wrote “on the far left”, the response still denotes Democrat as
as the party affiliation, so the response would go under "Moderate Left", not
“Extreme Left”, since Democrat is listed in that selection.
Left = Moderate Left
Right = Moderate Right
The following descriptions/Issues will be considered as "Extreme":
Extreme Left Extreme Right
Feminist Pro-Life
Pacifist Pro-Business
Socialist
Environmentalist/Green
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = Extreme Left (e.g. Communist, Socialist)
2 = Moderate Left (e.g. Democrat)
3 = Center (if stated as such)
4 = Moderate Right (e.g. Republican, Libertarian)
5 = Extreme Right (e.g. Right-to-Life)
6 = Independent (if stated as such)
7 = Other (Enter response(s) in addendum)
Added coding: 8 = None
9
Column 14
Heading: “Home of Origin – Country”
Coding: The actual question reads, “where did you grow up?” Information is divided into four
columns so as to access data by a) country, b) U.S. State, c) domestic and foreign city,
and d) U.S. region. In the case of “country”, certain sections of the world are grouped
together to facilitate data accessibility. If necessary, numbers could be assigned for every
country. If participant states more than one location, but it is unclear if more than one
country (e.g. “military brat”), enter in “Other”.
Notes: Any combination of countries, with or without the U.S. becomes "Multiple"
Multiple (with no way to designate as distinct countries) = "Other"
Continents (i.e. Africa) and "Abroad", Korea (North or South), & Bermuda = "Other"
Responses such as "Nowhere", "Wherever I am" become "Not Stated"
"East Germany" (in Origin) = Eastern Europe [in Residence = Western Europe]
Puerto Rico constitutes "USA" Hong Kong = Southeast Asia
0 = Not stated
1 = USA
2 = Western Europe (British Isles, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, France,
Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, Netherlands,
Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, Austria, Greece, Iceland)
3 = Northern Europe (Norway, Finland, Denmark)
4 = Sweden
5 = Eastern Europe (Czech Rep., Slovakia, Romania, Hungary,
Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Albania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia,
Poland, Russia, Belarus, Ukraine)
6 = Turkey
7 = Israel
8 = Mid-East Arab Countries
9 = North Africa
10 = Central Africa
11 = South Africa
12 = "Stan" Republics
13 = Afghanistan
14 = Pakistan
15 = India
16 = China
17 = Japan
18 = Southeast Asia
19 = Indonesia
20 = Australia / New Zealand
21 = Central America
22 = South America
23 = Caribbean
24 = Canada
25 = Other (Enter response(s) in addendum)
Added coding: 26 = Multiple
10
Column 15
Heading: “Home of Origin – U.S. State”
Notes: “Not Stated” will only be used when a response is not given at all or cannot be any of
the established selections (e.g. “U.S.A.”).
“Not Applicable” will only be used for foreign destinations exclusively.
There will be an additional selection of “53 = Multiple/Military”.
If domestic and foreign locations are listed, but only one state is mentioned,
then enter coding # for that state (meaning disregard foreign locations).
If domestic and foreign locations are listed, but more than one state is mentioned,
then enter as “Multiple”.
There is a designated number for each state, in alpha order (i.e. 1 = Alabama,
2 = Alaska, 3 = Arizona, 4 = Arkansas, etc.):
0 = Not stated
1 – 50 = U.S. states, in alpha order (see list below)
51 = District of Columbia
52 = Not applicable (i.e. foreign designation or Other)
Military constitutes "Multiple"
Suburban Washington constitutes "Not Stated" (no way of knowing which state)
Coding: 1 = Alabama 27 = Nebraska
2 = Alaska 28 = Nevada
3 = Arizona 29 = New Hampshire
4 = Arkansas 30 = New Jersey
5 = California 31 = New Mexico
6 = Colorado 32 = New York
7 = Connecticut 33 = North Carolina
8 = Delaware 34 = North Dakota
9 = Florida 35 = Ohio
10 = Georgia 36 = Oklahoma
11 = Hawaii 37 = Oregon
12 = Idaho 38 = Pennsylvania
13 = Illinois 39 = Rhode Island
14 = Indiana 40 = South Carolina
15 = Iowa 41 = South Dakota
16 = Kansas 42 = Tennessee
17 = Kentucky 43 = Texas
18 = Louisiana 44 = Utah
19 = Maine 45 = Vermont
20 = Maryland 46 = Virginia
21 = Massachusetts 47 = Washington
22 = Michigan 48 = West Virginia
23 = Minnesota 49 = Wisconsin
24 = Mississippi 50 = Wyoming
25 = Missouri 51 = District of Columbia
26 = Montana 52 = Not Applicable
(i.e. Foreign destination or "Other")
53 = Multiple, Military
11
Column 16
Heading: “Home of Origin – City”
Notes: To increase specificity, U.S. cities and their surrounding areas that were involved more
directly in the incidents of the attacks, as well as cities/communities from which the
surveys were conducted are listed below.
“Not Stated” will only be used when a response is not given at all or cannot be deduced
from the response(s) given (e.g. “U.S.A.” or “Texas – rural”).
If more than one NYC location mentioned, enter as “New York City – General”
“Other Foreign” will be used only when exclusively foreign (no U.S. locations).
[The only exception is Sweden, which is one of the selections provided.]
“Other U.S.” will be used as follows:
- when a single other U.S. city or town name, other than those listed, is
specified, even when combined with foreign cities (add to addendum).
- when more than one U.S. city or town is specified, even when
combined with foreign cities (add to addendum)
For U.S. Cities
Counties around NYC in the NY, NJ & CT areas constitute "Greater NYC"
Areas in proximity to cities listed (i.e. Boston, SF, LA, etc.) constitute that city
Cities mentioned but undefined as to which state constitute "Other U.S."
NYC Manhattan - Unspecified constitutes "NYC - General"
Combinations of domestic cities becomes "Other U.S."
For Foreign Cities
Combinations of foreign and domestic cities becomes "Other U.S."
Puerto Rico cities become "Other U.S."
(For “Other U.S.” and “Other Foreign”: Keep addendum list)
If unaware of a street &/or city location, go to www.mapquest.com
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = NYC Manhattan – Uptown East (above 59th Street)
2 = NYC Manhattan – Uptown West (above 59th Street)
3 = NYC Manhattan – Midtown (from 14th St. to 59th Street)
4 = NYC Manhattan – East & West Villages
5 = NYC Manhattan – Lower East Side (below Canal, east of Bdwy)
6 = NYC Manhattan – Tribeca / Battery Park
7 = NYC Bronx
8 = NYC Brooklyn 9 = NYC Queens
10 = NYC Staten Island 11 = New York City - General
12 = NY Upstate 13 = Palo Alto
14 = San Francisco 15 = Los Angeles
16 = Boston 17 = Wash. DC
18 = Pittsburgh 19 = St. Louis
20 = Santa Cruz 21 = New Haven
22 = Sweden 23 = Other U.S. (Also enter in addendum)
24 = Other Foreign (Also enter in addendum)
Added coding: 25 = Greater NYC
12
Column 17
Heading: “Home of Origin – U.S. Region”
Notes: Although information in this category may overlap with Column 15, Column 16 will
enable researchers to isolate more specifically U.S. regional demographics:
“Not Stated” will only be used when no response is given OR when participant’s
response cannot identify region (e.g. response states only “U.S.A.”).
“Not Applicable” will only be used for foreign locations (no U.S. locations).
In these columns, “Multiple” is provided. This selection will be used when the
participant lists more than one response, including “Military”, as long as the
U.S. region can be identified from the response. This would apply, as well, to
responses that include combined multiple domestic and foreign locations.
If only one U.S. location is mentioned along with multiple foreign locations, then
enter the region for the single U.S. location specified, as long as it can be
identified from the response.
Coding: 0 = Not stated 5 = Northwest
1 = Northeast Idaho
Connecticut Oregon
Maine Washington
Massachusetts 6 = West
New Hampshire California
Rhode Island Colorado
Vermont Montana
2 = Mid-Atlantic Nevada
Delaware Utah
Dist. of Columbia Wyoming
Maryland 7 = Southwest
New Jersey Arizona
New York New Mexico
Pennsylvania Texas
3 = Mid-West 8 = South
Illinois Alabama
Indiana Florida
Iowa Georgia
Michigan Kentucky
Minnesota Louisiana
Ohio Mississippi
Wisconsin North Carolina
4 = Central South Carolina
Arkansas Tennessee
Kansas Virginia
Missouri West Virginia
Nebraska 9 = Alaska
North Dakota 10 = Hawaii
Oklahoma 11 = Not Applicable
South Dakota 12 = Multiple (e.g. “Military Brat”)
13
Column 18
Heading: “Present Residence – Country”
Coding: Same coding as Column 13 “Home of Origin – Country”
Column 19
Heading: “Present Residence – U.S. State”
Coding: Same coding as Column 14 “Home of Origin – U.S. State”
Column 20
Heading: “Present Residence – City”
Coding: Same coding as Column 15 “Home of Origin – City”
Column 21
Heading: “Present Residence – U.S. Region”
Coding: Same coding as Column 16 “Home of Origin – U.S. Region”
14
Column 22
Heading: "Assistance on Survey"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Yes
2 = No
No Column # (Enter in addendum only)
Heading: "Helped by Whom"
Coding: Enter response in addendum
(If not mentioned or answer is simply "No", do not enter in the addendum.)
Column 23
Heading: "Other Survey Assistance"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Yes, but source is not cited
2 = Yes, and source is cited (Enter response in addendum)
3 = No
Column 24
Heading: "Psychological Counseling"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Yes
2 = No
Column 25
Heading: "Financial Assistance"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Yes
2 = No
Column 26
Heading: "Received Survey from Where (Method)"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Mailing
2 = Hand Distribution (Campus, Street, Friend, etc.)
3 = Web-site or Computer
4 = Telephone
5 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
Column 27
Heading: "Fahrenheit 9/11"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given)
1 = Yes
2 = No
15
QUESTIONS #2 - #10
Overview:
Each of these questions targets specific elements recalled at the time of awareness of the
attacks: When, How, Where, What, Who, Emotional response, and Behavioral actions
before and after awareness of the attack. In addition, participants are asked to respond
both by content and by rating their estimation of either a) how confident they are of the
recall one year ago, or b) how well their forecasted memory will be in two years' time. In
both cases, regardless of the version of the survey the participant is given (Confidence or
Forecasting), the rating is on a scale of 1-5, with “0” = No rating listed.
QUESTION #2
"What time was it on the East Coast when you first became aware of the attack?"
Overview:
The participant may recall time in various ways. For this reason, there will be four
columns that will record the different aspects of how the participant stated the response:
Column 28: registers Eastern Standard Time, using the specific minute or average range.
Column 29: registers the time as precise or approximate.
Column 30: registers time zone conversion to Eastern Standard Time.
Column 31: registers if other questions were referenced to more accurately code the time.
Column 32: this fifth column records the confidence or forecasting rating.
NOTES: You may refer to Q1 or other questions to help code more accurately for this question.
However, if a discrepancy exists between what is written in Q2 and other responses, then
please ask Brett or Robert, or highlight and move on.
(It is not wrong to show discrepancies, but it is worth reviewing before deciding.)
If participant addressed the issue of time in Q1, but did not enter a response in Q2, then
you may use the information from Q1 for Q2.
You must enter time in Military hours (i.e. 2:00 p.m. = 14:00).
For special coding of other Military times, see coding on next page, in Column 26.
If other than Eastern (New York) time, then time must be adjusted. If you have any
questions as to the conversion of time zones, ask and/or highlight and move on.
16
Column 28
Heading: “Question #2 – Time Recalled (Specific or Average)”
NOTES: If response is narrative - e.g. "just after 1st bldg. was hit" - and you can translate this into
a time [in this case, 8:50 a.m. EST], then do so. If narrative is too vague to be translated
(e.g. "just after attacks occurred") - then code as “Not Applicable” or highlight and ask.
Actual Time-line of Main Events (for reference)
8:45 a.m. EST 1st WTC hit
9:03 a.m. EST 2nd WTC hit
9:43 a.m. EST Pentagon hit
10:05 a.m. EST South Tower of WTC collapses
10:10 a.m. EST Plane crashes in Pennsylvania
10:28 a.m. EST North Tower of WTC collapses
For additional chronology, go to: www.cnn.com/2001/US/09/11/chronology.attack
Coding: Enter Eastern time as either the specific time OR the average of the time span stated
(e.g. 9 - 10 = 9:30)
'0:00 = Not Stated or Don't Know (No response was given in Q1 or Q2).
(first type an apostrophe when entering data). If not, data will record as
12:00 a.m. (Midnight)
'24:00 = Midnight (first type an apostrophe when entering data). If not, data will display
"0:00" (Military hours) and thus mistakenly code as "Not Stated".
'25:00 = Not Applicable (time stated vaguely, such as "after incident" or "Afternoon").
Again, first type an apostrophe when entering data. If not, data will display
"1:00" (military clock starts over again) and thus mistakenly code as "1:00 a.m.".
Column 29
Heading: “Question #2 – Time Recalled (Precise or Approximate)”
NOTES: For responses referring to time beyond 9/11, choose from below: 10, 11, or 12.
"Approximate" = any phrase that implies estimation: e.g. "about", "around", etc.
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given in Q1 or Q2) or Don't Know.
1 = Stated as specific to the minute (e.g. 9:22)
2 = Stated as a specific range of time (e.g. 9:10 – 9:20)
3 = Stated as approximate to the minute (e.g. "around" 10:05)
4 = Stated as an approximate range of time (e.g. "from about" 10:10 – 10:30)
5 = Stated not as time, but as "Morning", or as reference to EST from 6 a.m. – 11 a.m.
6 = Stated not as time, but as "Mid-Day", or as reference to EST from 11 a.m. – 1 p.m.
7 = Stated not as time, but as "Afternoon", or as reference to EST from 1 p.m. – 5 p.m.
8 = Stated not as time, but as "Evening", or as reference to EST from 5 p.m. – 7 p.m.
9 = Stated not as time, but as "Night", or as reference to EST from 7 p.m. – 12 midnight
10 = Stated either as time or not, but which refers to "Next Day" (9/12)
11 = Stated either as time or not, but which refers to "Later that Week" (9/13 thru 9/15)
12 = Stated either as time or not, but which refers to "After Week of 9/11" (9/16 or later)
17
Column 30
Heading: “Question #2 – Time Recalled (Time Zone Conversion)
Coding: 0 = Not stated or Don't Know (Response not given, or only as "unsure", in Q1 and Q2).
1 = Participant entered time as EST
2 = Participant did not convert time to EST (Coder must adjust to EST in Column 28)
3 = Participant demonstrated attempt at converting time, but it was done incorrectly
(Coder must adjust to EST in Column 28)
4 = Not Applicable (Conversion is not applicable or possible given the type of response:
e.g. "After incident occurred")
Column 31
Heading; “Question #2 – Time Recalled (Other Questions Referenced)"
Coding: 0 = No
1 = Yes
Column 32
Heading: “Question #2 – Time (Rating)”
IF CONFIDENCE VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
IF FORECASTING VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Perfectly”
18
QUESTION #3
"How did you first learn about it (what was the source of the information)?"
Column 33
Heading: “Question #3 – How Recalled (Content)”
Notes: Only code for FIRST response.
Internet and News-unspecified constitutes "Other"
Miscellaneous announcements constitutes "Word-of-Mouth"
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = TV
2 = Radio
3 = E-mail/IM
4 = Phone call (includes Phone messages)
5 = Visual sighting
6 = Word-of-mouth
7 = Sounds/Screams/Sirens
8 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
Column 34
Heading: “Question #3 – How Recalled (Rating)”
IF CONFIDENCE VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
IF FORECASTING VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Perfectly”
19
QUESTION #4
"Where were you?"
Overview:
The issue of location may prompt the participant to respond in one of two ways: by type
of location site or by the geographic locale. For this reason, we will use both to account
for this possibility. Whether or not the response applies to one or both location columns,
only one rating column will be used.
Column 35
Heading: “Question #4 – Where Recalled (Actual Site)”
Notes: Enter only one or the other (Actual Site or Geographic Site), unless the response stated
applies to both columns (e.g. “at home, in NYC”). In this example, “home” would be the
selection for “Actual Site”, and “NYC – General” the selection for “Geographic Site”.
If NYC address locations are listed specifically, then make sure to confirm that the
correct borough (i.e. Manhattan, Brooklyn, Bronx…) is used.
Any local public building (e.g. courthouse, railroad station, etc.) becomes
"Community Bldg" [But, see note for "Place of Business"]
Dorm constitutes "Home"
Home of Someone Else becomes "Other"
Any place of business (e.g. dentist, govt. bldg., conference ctr, gym (if outside school),
hotels, etc.) becomes "Place of Business"
If the location of a building is identified as being within a school campus/area
(e.g. dining hall), then code for school. [An exception would be if in the dorm.
Then "Home" would take precedence.] Another example would be "elevator"
(if at work, code for "work office", but if at home, code for "home")
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = Home
2 = School
3 = Work office
4 = Commuting (Train, Car, Bus, Subway)
5 = Airport
6 = Airplane
7 = On the street/Outdoors
8 = Vacation
9 = Religious building
10 = Community service building
11 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
Added coding: 12 = Place of Business
20
Column 36
Heading: “Question #4 – Where Recalled (Geographic Site)”
Notes: For U.S. Cities
Counties around NYC in the NY, NJ & CT areas constitute "Greater NYC"
Areas in proximity to cities listed (i.e. Boston, SF, LA, etc.) constitute that city
Cities mentioned but undefined as to which state constitute "Other U.S."
NYC Manhattan - Unspecified constitutes "NYC - General"
Combinations of domestic cities becomes "Other U.S."
For Foreign Cities
Combinations of foreign and domestic cities becomes "Other U.S."
Puerto Rico cities become "Other U.S."
(For “Other U.S.” and “Other Foreign”: Enter response(s) into addendum)
If unaware of a street &/or city location, go to www.mapquest.com
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No response given at all or none applicable to this column)
1 = NYC Manhattan – Uptown East (above 59th Street)
2 = NYC Manhattan – Uptown West (above 59th Street)
3 = NYC Manhattan – Midtown (from 14th St. to 59th Street)
4 = NYC Manhattan – East & West Villages
5 = NYC Manhattan – Lower East Side (below Canal, east of Broadway)
6 = NYC Manhattan – Tribeca / Battery Park
7 = NYC Bronx
8 = NYC Brooklyn
9 = NYC Queens
10 = NYC Staten Island 11 = New York City - General
12 = NY Upstate 13 = Palo Alto
14 = San Francisco 15 = Los Angeles
16 = Boston 17 = Wash. DC
18 = Pittsburgh 19 = St. Louis
20 = Santa Cruz 21 = New Haven
22 = Sweden 23 = Other U.S. (Also enter in addendum)
24 = Other Foreign (Also enter in addendum)
Added coding 25 = Greater NYC
Column 37
Heading: “Question #4 – Where Recalled (Rating)”
IF CONFIDENCE VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
IF FORECASTING VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Perfectly”
21
QUESTION #5
"What were you doing?"
Overview:
This question targets the participant’s actions before awareness of the attack. Only enter
the primary/main activity mentioned as it relates to the categories below. If not
included in the selections listed, then add the response to the addendum list for “Other”.
Column 38
Heading: “Question #5 – What Recalled (Content)”
Notes: Use selection “4” (Traveling/Commuting) for those who identify the main activity as the
transit between places (e.g. going to work, an appointment, general traveling). Do
NOT include when specifying an errand or when recreational, such as a constitutional.
Studying, Being in class, Waiting for class to begin/for professor = "Working"
Having conversation in person constitutes "Communicating"
Break between classes or on break at work becomes "Leisure Activities"
Entries alluding to "prayer" or church-going constitute "Leisure Activities"
Any kind of outside appointment not work-related constitutes "Running Errands"
"Nothing" becomes "Other"
Eye-witnessing = Live Information Gathering
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = Awaking (Sleeping, Waking up, Getting out of bed)
2 = Preparing for the day (Showering, Shaving, Dressing, Eating breakfast)
3 = Running errands/Doing Chores (Buying Groceries, Going to the Post Office,
Walking or Feeding pets, Fixing up house or apt., Voting)
4 = Traveling/Commuting (Train, Subway, Car, Airplane, Walking to work)
5 = Communicating (On Phone, On Internet, On Email)
6 = Working (Office or Home)
7 = Recreationally engaged (Playing sports or games, Doing hobbies, Exercising,
Constitutional (Walking – if unspecified)
a) = Leisure Activities (Resting or Napping, Looking out the window, Pleasure
reading, Reading the newspaper, Watching TV (not news), Listening to music
on radio/stereo, Surfing the Internet (not news))
9 = Live Information Gathering (News on TV/Radio/Internet, Eye-witnessing)
10 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
Column 39
Heading: “Question #5 - What Recalled (Rating)
IF CONFIDENCE VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
IF FORECASTING VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Perfectly”
22
QUESTION #6
"Who else was there?"
Overview:
Since multiple answers may be given, the selections will have separate columns
(Columns 40– 63). Column 64 addresses the rating for Confidence or Forecasting.
Column 40-63
Heading: "Question #6 - Who Else Recalled (List of categories/columns shown below)"
Notes: Entries alluding to boyfriend/girlfriend, "partner", companion = "Spouse/Lover"
Unclear relationships or potential overlap of relationships = "Other"
Entries of occasional familiarity (e.g. doorman, friend's mom) = "Acquaintance"
Entries of consistent familiarity (e.g. teammates) = "Close Friend"
Entries implying unfamiliarity (e.g. repairmen, crew worker, etc.) = "Stranger"
Work-related relationships (e.g. office manager, client, etc.) = "Colleague"
Entries denoting "Can't remember", "Don't Know" = "Not Stated"
"None" will be coded as "Other"
Do not include pets in “Other”. If only “pets” are mentioned, then enter “Alone”.
Coding: 0 = Not Stated/Not Applicable (No response or not applicable to the column)
1 = Stated/Applicable (Applies to one or more person(s) for each category)
Not stated (Enter a "1" IN THIS COLUMN if no response given by participant)
Spouse/Lover
Parent
Child
Sibling
Other Blood Relative (Enter "1", if applicable, and enter response in addendum)
Parent In-law
Child In-law
Sibling In-law
Other In-law (Enter "1", if applicable, and enter response in addendum)
Close Friend (when designated as such or suggestive of consistent familiarity")
Acquaintance Friend (when designated or suggestive of occasional familiarity)
Colleague
Roommate
Teacher
Student
Classmate
Neighbor
Fellow Commuter
Stranger
Govt. Official (Police, Fire Dept., Govt. worker)
Medical Personnel (Doctor, Nurse, EMT)
Alone
Other (Enter "1", if applicable, and enter response in addendum)
23
Column 64
Heading: “Question #6 - Who Else (Rating)”
IF CONFIDENCE VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
IF FORECASTING VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Perfectly”
24
QUESTION #7
"How did you feel when you first became aware of the attack?"
Overview:
Only code for FIRST response.
Column 65
Heading: “Question #7 – First Emotional Response Recalled (Content)”
Notes: In addition to the synonyms and coding definitions stated below, SEE PAGE 27 for
additional listings and coding instructions for all categories listed.
If a response is not shown below, but is strongly associated with one of the coding
selections, you may code for that category (e.g. "Pissed off" would constitute "Angry").
However, please ask if you have any doubt.
When response applies to "Other", remember to enter it into the addendum.
If a response is not an emotion (e.g. "I took out the trash"), or is too nebulous to
determine an emotion (e.g. “I said 'What?’"), then code as "Not Applicable". For
instance, this latter example could mean several things: from registering shock, to
expressing anger, to implying the participant didn’t hear what someone said.
For the Addendum: It is not necessary to enter a long phrase or sentence; only the
emotion itself or short phrase (e.g. “I felt pessimistic” = “Pessimistic”).
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = Angry (Include: Mad, Vengeful, Livid, Annoyed, Bitter -- See page 27)
2 = Sad (Include: Dismayed, Upset, Mournful, Depressed -- See page 27)
3 = Fearful (Include: Scared, Terrified, Alarmed -- See page 27)
4 = Confused (Include: Disoriented, Lost, Unstable, Unsure -- See page 27)
5 = Frustrated (Include: Helpless, Aggravated -- See page 27)
6 = Shocked (Include: Stunned, Disbelieving, Astonished, Horrified -- See page 27)
7 = Other (Enter response in addendum -- See page 27)
Added coding: 8 = Not Applicable (See page 27 for further definitions)
Added coding: 9 = Anxious/Distressed (See page 27 for further definitions)
Added coding: 10 = Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/Distraught (See next page)
Added coding: 11 = Physically Disturbed (See page 27)
Added coding: 12 = Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity (See page 27)
Added coding: 13 = Numb (See page 27)
Added coding: 14 = Neutral (See page 27)
Added coding: 15 = Surprised (See page 27)
Added coding: 16 = Guilt/Shame/Ashamed/Embarrassment (See page 27)
Added coding: 17 = Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious (See page 27)
Added coding: 18 = Proud/Patriotic (Admiration, Appreciated when in context with civic
responses) (See page 27)
Added coding: 19 = Hopeful/Optimistic (See page 27)
25
Column 66
Heading: “Question #7 - First Emotional Response Recalled (Rating)”
IF CONFIDENCE VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
IF FORECASTING VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Perfectly”
26
MORE SYNONYMS/CODING DEFINITIONS FOR PRIMARY EMOTION (Q7)
Special Note: When considering the appropriateness of a coding category, keep in mind the context in
which the response is written. For example, "hope we're not at war" might suggest
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" as the best coding, but it's more a reflection of a reservation about the future
rather than a sense of hopefulness or optimism.
"NOT STATED" applies to those participants who did not enter any response
"NOT APPLICABLE" incorporates entries that cannot be assigned an emotional state
(e.g. "I thought it was an accident", "Awareness")
"ANXIOUS/DISTRESSED" incorporates entries alluding to states of emotional unrest
or restlessness (e.g. Agitation, Tension, Stress, Nervousness, Jumpiness, Traumatized,
Panicked, Devastated, Overwhelmed, Uneasy, Troubled)
"WORRIED/CONCERNED/PREOCCUPIED/DISTRAUGHT"
"PHYSICALLY DISTURBED" incorporates entries alluding to manifestations of
physical symptoms (e.g. Sick, Nauseous, Weak, Exhausted, Pained, Nightmares, Distracted,
Revulsion, Shaken)
"SYMPATHY/EMPATHY/COMPASSION/PITY" (Understanding, Sorry for…)
"NUMB" constitutes its own category alluding to the more specific state of being emotionally
paralyzed, anesthetized, dazed, dulled, shut off, empty, without feeling, desensitized, alienated,
in Denial
"NEUTRAL" incorporates entries alluding to the lack or absence of emotional affect or
acknowledgment, excluding "numbness" (e.g. Calm, Detached, Indifferent, Bored, Resigned,
Not Surprised, Accepting)
"SURPRISED" will be its own category/column
"GUILT/ASHAMED/SHAME/EMBARRASSMENT/REMORSE"
"EXCITED/INTRIGUED/FASCINATED/CURIOUS" incorporates entries alluding to
states of interest, captivation, fascination, awe, stimulation, curiosity, wonder
(e.g. Amazed, Spellbound, Engrossed, Alert)
"PROUD/PATRIOTIC" (Admiration/Appreciation/Respect, when in context with issues relating
to civic responses - i.e. Firefighters, Government, New Yorkers, etc.)
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" incorporates entries such as "Prayerful", "Faithful", "Confident",
"Reassured", "Trusting"
"OTHER" incorporates additional entries not qualifying as a new entry or other
categories (e.g. "Skeptical", "Doubtful", "Cynical", "Love", "Happy", "Relieved", "Grateful",
"Thankful", "Insecure", "Uncertain")
Entries of "Outraged", "Vengeful", "Hateful", "Appalled", "Disgusted", "Irritable"
"Repulsion", "Aggression", "Indignation" become "Anger"
Entries of "Awful", "Hurt", "Terrible", "Horrible", "Regret", "Despair", "Heaviness", "Loss"
"Heartache", "Disappointment", "Crying", "Weeping", "Grim", "Melancholy" become "Sad"
Entries of "Afraid", "Frightened", "Apprehensive", "Foreboding", "Dread", "Paranoid", "Wary",
"Unsafe", "Suspicious" will be coded under "Fear"
Entries of "Baffled", "Didn't understand", "Perplexed", "Puzzled", "Bewildered", "Aimlessness",
"Ambiguousness", "Conflicted", "Indecisive", "Flustered" will be coded under "Confusion"
Entries of "Impotent", "Inadequate", "Uselessness", "Worthlessness" become "Frustrated"
Entries of "Stupefied", "Incredulous", "Speechless", "Astounded", "Startled", "Aghast"
"Dumbstruck", "Dumbfounded" "Flabbergasted" will be coded under "Shock"
27
QUESTION #8
"Who was the first person with whom you communicated about the attack, and how did
he/she feel about it?"
Overview:
Only code for FIRST response. This question has two parts, but only one rating for
Confidence or Forecasting. The first part contains the same coding list for Question #6;
the second part contains the same coding list for Question #7. If the response does not
apply to the lists shown, code as "Other" and enter it into the addendum.
Column 67
Heading: “Question #8 – First Communication Recalled - (Content)”
Notes: Entries alluding to boyfriend, "partner", companion becomes "Spouse/Lover"
Unclear relationships or potential overlap of relationships = "Other"
Entries of occasional familiarity (e.g. doorman, friend's mom) = "Acquaintance"
Entries of consistent familiarity (e.g. teammates) = "Close Friend"
Entries implying unfamiliarity (e.g. repairmen, crew worker) =" Stranger"
Work-related relationships (e.g. office manager, client) = "Colleague"
Multiple entries for any of the categories will only be coded as "1" for "Stated".
Entries denoted "Can't remember", "Don't Know" will be coded as "Not Stated"
"None" will be coded as "Other"
“Fellow commuter” does not have to mean the participant knows the person, only
that the person is on a mode of commuter transportation (e.g. subway, bus).
Anyone else not known by participant should be classified as a “Stranger”
(i.e. passers-by, people at a store, etc.)
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = Spouse/Lover
2 = Parent
3 = Child
4 = Sibling
5 = Other Blood Relative (Enter response in addendum)
6 = Parent In-law
7 = Child In-law
8 = Sibling In-law
9 = Other In-law (Enter response in addendum)
10 = Close Friend (when designated or suggestive of consistent familiarity")
11 = Acquaintance (when designated / suggestive of occasional familiarity)
12 = Colleague
13 = Roommate
14 = Teacher
15 = Student
16 = Classmate
17 = Neighbor
18 = Fellow Commuter
19 = Stranger
20 = Govt. Official (Police, Fire Dept., Govt. worker)
21 = Medical Personnel (Doctor, Nurse, EMT)
22 = Alone
23 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
28
Column 68
Heading: “Question #8 – Emotional Response of Receiver Recalled (Content)”
Notes: Only code for FIRST response.
In addition to the synonyms and coding definitions stated below, SEE PAGE 31 for
additional listings and coding instructions for all categories listed.
If a response is not shown below, but is strongly associated with one of the coding
selections, you may code for that category (e.g. "Pissed off" would constitute "Angry").
However, please ask if you have any doubt.
When response applies to "Other", remember to enter it into the addendum.
If a response is not an emotion (e.g. "I took out the trash"), or is too nebulous to
determine an emotion (e.g. “I said 'What?’"), then code as "Not Applicable". For
instance, this latter example could mean several things: from registering shock, to
expressing anger, to implying the participant didn’t hear what someone said.
For the Addendum: It is not necessary to enter a long phrase or sentence; only the
emotion itself or short phrase (e.g. “I felt pessimistic” = “Pessimistic”).
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = Angry (Include: Mad, Vengeful, Livid, Annoyed, Bitter -- See p. 31)
2 = Sad (Include: Dismayed, Upset, Mournful, Depressed -- See p. 31)
3 = Fearful (Include: Scared, Terrified, Alarmed -- See p. 31)
4 = Confused (Include: Disoriented, Lost, Unstable, Unsure -- See p. 31)
5 = Frustrated (Include: Helpless, Aggravated -- See p. 31)
6 = Shocked (Include: Stunned, Disbelieving, Astonished, Horrified--See p. 31
7 = Other (Enter response in addendum -- See p. 31)
Added coding: 8 = Not Applicable (See p. 31 for further definitions)
Added coding: 9 = Anxious/Distressed (See p. 31 for further definitions)
Added coding: 10 = Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/Distraught (See p. 31)
Added coding: 11 = Physically Disturbed (See p. 31)
Added coding: 12 = Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity (See p. 31)
Added coding: 13 = Numb (See p. 31)
Added coding: 14 = Neutral (See p. 31)
Added coding: 15 = Surprised (See p. 31)
Added coding: 16 = Guilt/Shame/Ashamed/Embarrassment (See p. 31)
Added coding: 17 = Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious (See p. 31)
Added coding: 18 = Proud/Patriotic (Admiration, Appreciated when in context with civic
responses) (See p. 31)
Added coding: 19 = Hopeful/Optimistic (See p. 31)
29
Column 69
Heading: “Question #8 – First Communication AND Emotional Response of Receiver (Rating)”
IF CONFIDENCE VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
IF FORECASTING VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Perfectly”
30
MORE SYNONYMS/CODING DEFINITIONS FOR RECEIVER EMOTION (Q8)
Special Note: When considering the appropriateness of a coding category, keep in mind the context in
which the response is written. For example, "hope we're not at war" might suggest
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" as the best coding, but it's more a reflection of a reservation about the future
rather than a sense of hopefulness or optimism.
"NOT STATED" applies to those participants who did not enter any response
"NOT APPLICABLE" incorporates entries that cannot be assigned an emotional state
(e.g. "I thought it was an accident", "Awareness")
"ANXIOUS/DISTRESSED" incorporates entries alluding to states of emotional unrest or
restlessness (e.g. Agitation, Tension, Stress, Nervousness, Jumpiness, Traumatized, Panicked,
Devastated, Overwhelmed, Uneasy, Troubled)
"WORRIED/CONCERNED/PREOCCUPIED/DISTRAUGHT"
"PHYSICALLY DISTURBED" incorporates entries alluding to manifestations of physical
symptoms (e.g. Sick, Nauseous, Weak, Exhausted, Pained, Nightmares, Distracted, Revulsion,
Shaken)
"SYMPATHY/EMPATHY/COMPASSION/PITY" (Understanding, Sorry for…)
"NUMB" constitutes its own category alluding to the more specific state of being emotionally
paralyzed, anesthetized, dazed, dulled, shut off, empty, without feeling, desensitized, alienated,
in Denial
"NEUTRAL" incorporates entries alluding to the lack or absence of emotional affect or
acknowledgment, excluding "numbness" (e.g. Calm, Detached, Indifferent, Bored, Resigned,
Not Surprised, Accepting)
"SURPRISED" will be its own category/column
"GUILT/ASHAMED/SHAME/EMBARRASSMENT/REMORSE"
"EXCITED/INTRIGUED/FASCINATED/CURIOUS" incorporates entries alluding to states of
interest, captivation, fascination, awe, stimulation, curiosity, wonder (e.g. Amazed, Spellbound,
Engrossed, Alert)
"PROUD/PATRIOTIC" (Admiration/Appreciation/Respect, when in context with issues relating
to civic responses - i.e. Firefighters, Government, New Yorkers, etc.)
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" incorporates entries such as "Prayerful", "Faithful", "Confident",
"Reassured", "Trusting"
"OTHER" incorporates additional entries not qualifying as a new entry or other categories (e.g.
"Skeptical", "Doubtful", "Cynical", "Love", "Happy", "Relieved", "Grateful", "Thankful",
"Insecure", "Uncertain")
Entries of "Outraged", "Vengeful", "Hateful", "Appalled", "Disgusted", "Irritable", "Repulsion",
"Agression", "Indignation" become "Anger"
Entries of "Awful", "Hurt", "Terrible", "Horrible", "Regret", "Despair", "Heaviness", "Loss",
"Heartache", "Disappointment", "Crying", "Weeping", "Grim", "Melancholy" become "Sad"
Entries of "Afraid", "Frightened", "Apprehensive", "Foreboding", "Dread", "Paranoid", "Wary",
"Unsafe", "Suspicious", will be coded under "Fear"
Entries of "Baffled", "Didn't understand", "Perplexed", "Puzzled", "Bewildered", "Aimlessness",
"Ambiguousness", "Conflicted", "Indecisive", "Flustered" will be coded under "Confusion"
Entries of "Impotent", "Inadequate", "Uselessness", "Worthlessness" become "Frustrated"
Entries of "Stupefied", "Incredulous", "Speechless", "Astounded", "Startled", "Aghast"
"Dumbstruck", "Dumbfounded" "Flabbergasted" will be coded under "Shock"
31
QUESTION #9
"What were you doing immediately before you became aware of the attack?"
Overview:
The selections below are similar (but not exact) to Question #5 -“”What were you doing”.
Column 70
Heading: “Question #9 – Prior Activity Recalled (Content)”
Notes: If more than one activity is mentioned, only code for the MAIN ACTIVITY stated
THAT IMMEDIATELY PRECEDED AWARENESS.
Traveling (unspecified and not connected to a chore/errand, to transit
commuting or to walking to/from work/school) becomes "Traveling - General"
Category "Running Errands/Doing Chores" will NOT include "Traveling
(unspecified)"
Walking as exercise (i.e. constitutional) becomes "Recreationally Engaged"
Break between classes or on break at work becomes "Leisure Activities"
Being in class, Waiting for class to begin, for professor, or Studying = "Working"
Having conversation in person constitutes "Communicating"
Any outside appointment not work-related constitutes "Running Errands…"
Entries denoting "Not sure", "Don't recall", etc. constitute "Not Stated"
Entries alluding to "prayer" or church-going constitute "Leisure Activities"
Entries alluding to dining other than breakfast constitute "Leisure Activities"
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = Awaking (Sleeping, Waking up, Getting out of bed)
2 = Preparing for the day (Showering, Shaving, Dressing, Eating breakfast)
3 = Running errands/Doing Chores (Buying Groceries, Going to the
Post Office, Walking or Feeding pets, Fixing up house or apt., Voting)
4 = Commuting (Train, Subway, Car, Airplane)
5 = Communicating (On Phone, On Internet, On Email, In person)
6 = Working (Office or Home)
7 = Recreationally engaged (Playing sports or games, Doing hobbies,
Exercising)
8 = Leisure Activities (Resting or Napping, Looking out the window,
Pleasure reading, Reading newspaper, Watching TV (not news), Listening to
music on radio/stereo, Surfing the Internet (not news))
9 = Live Information Gathering (News on TV/radio/Internet)
10 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
Added coding: 11 = Traveling - General
Column 71
Heading: “Question #9 – Prior Activity Recalled (Rating)”
IF CONFIDENCE VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
IF FORECASTING VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Perfectly”
32
QUESTION #10
"What did you do immediately after you became aware of the attack?"
NOTE: If more than one activity is mentioned, only code for the MAIN ACTIVITY stated
THAT IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWED AWARENESS.
Column 72
Heading: “Question #10 – Post Activity Recalled (Content)”
Notes: Only code for FIRST response.
Entries related to going to church, praying constitute "Sought Help"
Entries related to going home or in transit (unspecified) remains as "Other"
Entries stated as "Nothing" constitute "Other"
Entries stated as "Don't remember" constitute "Not Stated"
Coding: 0 = Not stated
1 = Emoted (Include: Cried, Yelled, Screamed, Shouted)
2 = Physically responded (Include: Collapsed, Sat, Jumped, Stood,
Paced, Ran)
3 = Followed news (Include: TV, Radio, Internet, Videotaped the news)
4 = Went to eyewitness (Include: from window, from street)
5 = Phone call communication
6 = Communicated (via Email/IM/Phone/In person w/people already there)
7 = Joined other people
8 = Took photographs/Video/Went to get camera
9 = Wrote
10 = Sought Help
11 = Helped Others
12 = Continued on as usual
13 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
Column 73
Heading: “Question #10 – Post Activity Recalled (Rating)”
IF CONFIDENCE VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
IF FORECASTING VERSION:
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1 – 5 = From “Not at all” – “Perfectly”
33
QUESTIONS #13 - #18
"We'd like you to tell us what you remember about your FEELINGS CONCERNING
THE ATTACK IN THE TWO WEEKS FOLLOWING THE ATTACK. Please
indicate your response by marking the appropriate point on the scales provided. Note
that you may indicate partial numbers (e.g. 3.5)."
Overview:
The coding for these emotional response columns (Columns 74-79) is provided in the
survey itself, on a straightforward rating scale.
The emotions are as follows: Column # Question #
Sadness Column 74 Question #13
Anger Column 75 Question #14
Fear Column 76 Question #15
Confusion Column 77 Question #16
Frustration Column 78 Question #17
Shock Column 79 Question #18
Notes: As stated in the question shown above, this section (Questions #13-#18) addresses
these emotions as they pertain to PRIOR feelings within the time period of up to two
weeks following the attack.
If no rating is given for any of these emotions, and if Question #19 "Other Prior
Emotions" states that particular emotion(s) or one of the synonyms provided, then you
may code the rating appropriately in the initial column(s):
Example: "Anger" was not rated. However, "Outraged" was written in "Other Prior
Emotions (Two Weeks Following Attack)" and given a rating of "4". In this case, enter
the rating of "4" in the column for "Anger".
Column 74
Heading: "Question #13 – Sadness (Prior)”
This may include: Dismayed, Upset, Mournful, Depressed, Awful, Hurt, Terrible,
Horrible, Regret, Despair, Heaviness, Loss, Heartache,
Disappointment, Crying, Weeping, Grim, Melancholy
(if stated in Question #19 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
34
Column 75
Heading: "Question #14 – Anger (Prior)”
This may include: Mad, Vengeful, Livid, Annoyed, Bitter, Outraged, Vengeful,
Hateful, Appalled, Disgusted, Irritable, Repulsion, Aggression,
Indignation)
(if stated in Question #19 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
Column 76
Heading: "Question #15 – Fear (Prior)”
This may include: Scared, Terrified, Alarmed, Afraid, Frightened, Wary, Suspicious,
Apprehensive, Foreboding, Dread, Paranoid, Unsafe,
(if stated in Question #19 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
Column 77
Heading: "Question #16 – Confusion (Prior)”
This may include: Disoriented, Lost, Unstable, Unsure, Baffled, Didn't understand,
Perplexed, Puzzled, Bewildered, Ambiguousness, Aimlessness,
Conflicted, Indecisive, Flustered
(if stated in Question #19 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
35
Column 78
Heading: "Question #17 – Frustration (Prior)”
This may include: Helpless, Aggravated, Impotent, Inadequate, Uselessness,
Worthlessness
(if stated in Question #19 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
Column 79
Heading: "Question #18 – Shock (Prior)”
This may include: Stunned, Disbelieving, Astonished, Horrified, Stupefied,
Incredulous, Speechless, Astounded, Startled, Aghast,
Dumbstruck, Dumbfounded, Flabbergasted
(if stated in Question #19 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
36
QUESTION #19
"In the two weeks after the attack, what other emotions did you experience relative to the
attack? List and rate their intensity:”
Overview:
This question may contain a variety of responses. Originally, these additional emotion
entries were put into an addendum list with a notation of the intensity rating (from 0 – 5;
“0” = No rating listed) in a separate column. They have been subsequently re-coded so
as to be included in the main coding matrix. New categories were created for response s
that demonstrated single or grouped listings with close to or more than 50 entries for any
ONE or more of the questions pertaining to emotions -- Q7, Q8b, Q19, and Q36.
Notes: IMPORTANT: Record coding for all entries, not just the first response.
The columns listed below (Columns 80-105) were added to the coding matrix beyond the
6 emotions already provided on the survey. The original 6 emotions were Angry, Sad,
Fearful, Confused, Frustrated, and Shocked. If a participant added a response for "Other
Prior Emotions" that could be considered as one of these six original emotions, and if the
participant already entered a rating for that particular original emotion, then the added
listing will be ignored. If, however, the participant did not give a rating for an original
emotion and if one of the "Other" listings states that emotion or one of the synonyms
provided, then the appropriate original/initial category will be coded from the listing
given in "Other Prior Emotions (Two Weeks Following Attack)".
Of course, if a listing is one that does not fall within one of the original 6 emotions, but
falls ONLY within the coding definitions for the additional category columns listed
below, then it will be coded for that new column. The coding for these "Other Prior
Emotions" columns will be "0" for "Not Stated" or "1" for "Stated". "Stated" will only
receive a coding of "1", regardless of how many listings in "Other Prior Emotions" apply
to that column.
Rating Columns:
There will also be a column for intensity rating alongside each column listed below under
"New columns". The rating scale will go from 0 - 5. "0" = No rating or a rating of "0".
Ratings of 1 -5 range from "1" = "Very Little" to "5" = "Very High". If a participant rates
a listing with a number higher than 5, the coding will be "5". Ratings should be rounded
off to the nearest quarter-fraction (i.e. 3.25, 3.5, 3.75, 4, etc.).
Where multiple entries apply to the same column, the rating will be the AVERAGE of
the applicable ratings given. Of course, when only one entry applies to one category, the
single applicable rating for that entry is appropriate.
For the category "Other", the rating instructions remain the same as far as the main
coding grid. However, in the addendum, list each applicable entry separately, and then
rate separately each listing as it is stated in the survey, in the adjacent column provided in
the addendum worksheet.
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR COLUMNS
37
The following ORIGINAL emotions will not have columns within this section.
However, the coding definitions below are included to help assist in knowing if the
response applies as one of the original 6 emotions or as one of the inclusive synonyms. If
that were the case, simply check to make sure the original column was rated by the
participant. If yes, then do not code for the response and leave the initial rating as is. If
no, then record the rating from the new entry (or the average rating, if more than one new
entry applies to that category).
Not stated (When no response AT ALL is given)
Angry (Include: Mad, Vengeful, Livid, Annoyed, Bitter Outraged,
Vengeful, Hateful, Appalled, Disgusted, Irritable, Repulsion,
Aggression, Indignation)
Sad (Include: Dismayed, Upset, Mournful, Depressed, Awful, Hurt,
Terrible, Horrible, Regret, Despair, Heaviness, Loss, Heartache,
Disappointment, Crying, Weeping, Grim, Melancholy)
Fearful (Include: Scared, Terrified, Alarmed, Afraid, Frightened, Wary,
Apprehensive, Foreboding, Dread, Paranoid, Unsafe, Suspicious)
Confused (Include: Disoriented, Lost, Unstable, Unsure, Baffled, Didn't
understand, Perplexed, Puzzled, Bewildered, Ambiguousness,
Aimlessness, Conflicted, Indecisive, Flustered)
Frustrated (Include: Helpless, Aggravated, Impotent, Inadequate,
Uselessness, Worthlessness)
Shocked (Include: Stunned, Disbelieving, Astonished, Horrified,
Stupefied, Incredulous, Speechless, Astounded, Startled, Aghast,
Dumbstruck, Dumbfounded, Flabbergasted)
If a response is strongly associated with one of the coding selections, but not listed above,
you may code for that category (e.g. "Pissed off" would constitute "Angry"). However,
please ask if you have any doubt.
The following additional columns were established for this question:
Not Applicable
Anxious/Distressed
Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/Distraught
Physically Disturbed
Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity
Numb
Neutral
Surprised
Guilt/Shame/Ashamed/Embarrassment/Remorse
Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious
Proud/Patriotic (Admiration, Appreciation/Respect, in context w/civic responses)
Hopeful/Optimistic
Other (Enter response(s) in addendum. As in original coding, this applies to
listings that remain in the addendum. (They DO NOT APPLY to the
original 6 emotions OR to those above)
For "Other": Include, in parentheses, the total # of addendum entries for
this question, per participant, alongside each addendum entry.
SEE NEXT SIX PAGES FOR MORE COLUMNS, CODING, & DEFINITIONS
38
MORE SYNONYMS/CODING DEFINITIONS FOR OTHER EMOTIONS (Q19)
Special Note: When considering the appropriateness of a coding category, keep in mind the context in
which the response is written. For example, "hope we're not at war" might suggest
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" as the best coding, but it's more a reflection of a reservation about the future
rather than a sense of hopefulness or optimism.
"NOT STATED" applies to those participants who did not enter any response
"NOT APPLICABLE" incorporates entries that cannot be assigned an emotional state
(e.g. "I thought it was an accident", "Awareness")
"ANXIOUS/DISTRESSED" incorporates entries alluding to states of emotional unrest or
restlessness (e.g. Agitation, Tension, Stress, Nervousness, Jumpiness, Traumatized, Panicked,
Devastated, Overwhelmed, Uneasy, Troubled)
"WORRIED/CONCERNED/PREOCCUPIED/DISTRAUGHT"
"PHYSICALLY DISTURBED" incorporates entries alluding to manifestations of physical
symptoms (e.g. Sick, Nauseous, Weak, Exhausted, Pained, Nightmares, Distracted, Revulsion,
Shaken)
"SYMPATHY/EMPATHY/COMPASSION/PITY" (Understanding, Sorry for…)
"NUMB" constitutes its own category alluding to the more specific state of being emotionally
paralyzed, anesthetized, dazed, dulled, shut off, empty, without feeling, desensitized, alienated,
in Denial
"NEUTRAL" incorporates entries alluding to the lack or absence of emotional affect or
acknowledgment, excluding "numbness" (e.g. Calm, Detached, Indifferent, Bored, Resigned,
Not Surprised, Accepting)
"SURPRISED" will be its own category/column
"GUILT/ASHAMED/SHAME/EMBARRASSMENT/REMORSE"
"EXCITED/INTRIGUED/FASCINATED/CURIOUS" incorporates entries alluding to states of
interest, captivation, fascination, awe, stimulation, curiosity, wonder (e.g. Amazed, Spellbound,
Engrossed, Alert)
"PROUD/PATRIOTIC" (Admiration/Appreciation/Respect, when in context with issues relating
to civic responses - i.e. Firefighters, Government, New Yorkers, etc.)
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" incorporates entries such as "Prayerful", "Faithful", "Confident",
"Reassured", "Trusting"
"OTHER" incorporates additional entries not qualifying as a new entry or other categories (e.g.
"Skeptical", "Doubtful", "Cynical", "Love", "Happy", "Relieved", "Grateful", "Thankful",
"Insecure", "Uncertain")
Entries of "Outraged", "Vengeful", "Hateful", "Appalled", "Disgusted", "Irritable", "Repulsion",
"Agression", "Indignation" become "Anger"
Entries of "Awful", "Hurt", "Terrible", "Horrible", "Regret", "Despair", "Heaviness", "Loss",
"Heartache", "Disappointment", "Crying", "Weeping", "Grim", "Melancholy" become "Sad"
Entries of "Afraid", "Frightened", "Apprehensive", "Foreboding", "Dread", "Paranoid", "Wary",
"Unsafe", "Suspicious", will be coded under "Fear"
Entries of "Baffled", "Didn't understand", "Perplexed", "Puzzled", "Bewildered", "Aimlessness",
"Ambiguousness", "Conflicted", "Indecisive", "Flustered" will be coded under "Confusion"
Entries of "Impotent", "Inadequate", "Uselessness", "Worthlessness" become "Frustrated"
Entries of "Stupefied", "Incredulous", "Speechless", "Astounded", "Startled", "Aghast"
"Dumbstruck", "Dumbfounded" "Flabbergasted" will be coded under "Shock"
39
Column 80
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Not Applicable)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries that cannot be assigned an emotional state
(e.g. "I thought it was an accident", "Awareness")
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 81
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Not Applicable) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 82
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Anxious/Distressed)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to states of emotional unrest or
restlessness (e.g. Agitation, Tension, Stress, Nervousness, Jumpiness,
Traumatized, Panicked, Devastated, Overwhelmed, Uneasy, Troubled)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 83
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Anxious/Distressed) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 84
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/
Distraught)"
Coding: This column incorporates primarily those adjectives stated
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 85
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/
Distraught) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
40
Column 86
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Physically Disturbed)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to manifestations of physical
symptoms (e.g. Sick, Nauseous, Weak, Exhausted, Pained, Nightmares,
Distractedness, Revulsion, Shaken)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 87
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Physically Disturbed) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 88
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity)"
Coding: This column alludes to adjectives stated, plus "Understanding", "Sorry for", etc.
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 89
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 90
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Numb)"
Coding: This column incorporates states of being emotionally paralyzed, anesthetized,
dazed, dulled, shut off, empty, without feeling. desensitized, alienated, in denial
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 91
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Numb) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
41
Column 92
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Neutral)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to the lack or absence of emotional
affect or acknowledgment, excluding "numbness"
(e.g. Calm, Detached, Indifferent, Bored, Not Surprised, Resigned, Accepting)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 93
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Neutral) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 94
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Surprised)"
Coding: This column incorporates this adjective specifically
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 95
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Surprised) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 96
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Guilt/Ashamed/Shame/
Embarrassment/Remorse)"
Coding: This column incorporates primarily those adjectives stated
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 97
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Guilt/Ashamed/Shame/
Embarrassment/Remorse) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
42
Column 98
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to states of interest, captivation, awe,
stimulation, curiosity, wonder (e.g. Amazed, Spellbound, Engrossed, Alert)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 99
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 100
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Proud/Patriotic)"
Coding: This column incorporates Admiration/Appreciation/Respect, in context with
issues relating to civic responses (i.e. Firefighters, Govt., New Yorkers, etc.)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 101
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Proud/Patriotic) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 102
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Hopeful/Optimistic)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries such as "Prayerful", "Faithful", "Confident",
"Reassured", "Trusting"
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 103
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Hopeful/Optimistic) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
43
Column 104
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Other)"
Coding: This column incorporates additional entries not qualifying as either a new entry
or as one of the six categories originally listed (e.g. "Skeptical", "Doubtful",
"Cynical", "Love", "Happy", "Relieved", "Grateful", "Thankful", "Insecure",
"Uncertain")
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
List each entry in the addendum separately and code each rating in the adjacent
addendum column.
Column 105
Heading: "Question #19 - Other Prior Emotions (Other) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies (this applies to the main
coding grid rating. For the addendum rating, see note above).
44
QUESTIONS #20 & #21
“In the two weeks following the attack, how closely did you follow the media coverage?”
“In the two weeks following the attack, how much did you talk about the attack?"
Overview:
These two questions, like Questions #13-#18, are very straightforward both in targeting a
specific response and in providing a coding system as part of the questions themselves.
The rating is on a scale of 1-5, “0” = No rating listed. Ratings may be entered as
fractional (e.g. “3.5”).
Column 106
Heading: “Question #20 – Media Attention (Two Weeks Following Attack)”
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of attention (1 = Very Little and 5 = Very Much)
Column 107
Heading: “Question #21 – Ensuing Conversation (Two Weeks Following Attack)”
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of conversation (1 = Very Little and 5 = Very Much)
QUESTION #22
“How many airplanes were involved in the attack?”
Overview:
This is another very direct question with a targeted specific response. Since the response
will be numerical, the coding will be the actual entry given.
Column 108
Heading: “Question #22 - # of Airplanes”
Coding: Enter numerical response, if given.
0 = Not stated, Not applicable, or Unknown
45
QUESTION #23
“What airline or airlines had planes hijacked? How many from each airline?
Overview:
This question has two parts; however, the parts are combined. Each column will
designate the Airline (Columns 109-115). The # of planes, if given for that airline, will
be entered in the corresponding row. An addendum list corresponding to the column
“Other” will keep track of any airline responses besides those listed. “Not Stated” ”
(meaning that the participant did not provide any response to the question) will be
deduced from a “0” entry in all columns.
Notes: If airline is stated, but no specified # of planes for that airline is given, then “9” is
entered. Conversely, any entries in which the participant stated a number of planes, but
was unsure of or did not know the airlines involved will be entered in an additional
column (Column 116), “# of Planes Without Airline Specification”.
Examples:
“I think 4 airplanes were involved – American and United”. Enter “9” under the columns
for “American” and “United”.
“I think 4 airplanes were involved, but don't know which airlines.” Enter “4” under “# of
planes without airline specification”.
Entries stated as Unknown, flights with only flight #s, or airplane type
(i.e. Boeing) = "Not Stated"
Airlines other than those for which there are columns become "Other"
(Remember to include, in parentheses, the total # of addendum entries for this
question, per participant, alongside each addendum entry.)
Airline choices are:
American
United
Delta
Continental
USAir
TWA
Other (Enter response(s) in addendum) See Special Coding on Next Page
Column 109-114
Heading: “Question #23 – Airlines (American/United/Delta/Continental/US Air/TWA)”
Coding: Enter numerical response, if given, in the appropriate airline column(s).
0 = Not stated (No response given) or Not applicable
9 = Airline mentioned, but with no specified number
46
Column 115
Heading: “Question #23 – Airlines (Other)”
Coding: Enter applicable numerical response, if given, in the main coding worksheet.
0 = Not stated ("Other" is not applicable)
9 = Only one airline mentioned with no specified number
If more than one airline applies to this category, include the appropriate numerical entry
as the sum of the numbers given. Again, only use "9" when one airline is mentioned
that applies to this category and which does not include the # of planes specified.
If more than one airline applies and only one airline has a number, again add the sum,
using "0" for the one without a number:
Example:
The participant stated "Southwest - 3" and "Air France - 0". Enter "3" in the main coding
worksheet and enter each airline in the addendum, using two separate rows for that
participant (be sure to repeat ID coding in the first two addendum columns). In each of
the rows you will list the separate airline along with the total number of addendum entries
for this participant, in this question. Since there are two addendum entries, enter
"Southwest (2)" and "Air France (2)". In a subsequent adjacent addendum column, enter
the separate numerical entries given for each airline. In this case, for "Southwest" the
adjacent cell will read "3", for "Air France", "0".
Column 116
Heading: “Question #23 - # of Planes Without Airline Specification”
Coding: Enter # of planes to which this category applies
0 = Not Applicable
47
QUESTION #24
“For each airplane, what was their intended route (departure, arrival)?”
Overview:
This question targets the recall between each airplane and departure/arrival information.
As a check test for responses, the following is the actual information for each airline:
American Flight #11 Departure: Boston Arrival: Los Angeles
United Flight #175 Departure: Boston Arrival: Los Angeles
American Flight #77 Departure: Wash, DC Arrival: Los Angeles
United Flight #93: Departure: Newark Arrival: San Francisco
Since it is possible that participants will neglect to denote the specific flight #s and/or the
airlines, flights will be designated simply as “1”, “2”, “3”, and “4”, and entered into the
coding in the order recorded on the survey.
There will be 12 columns for this question (Columns 117-128), in groupings of three per
each flight. The first column denotes if the airline is stated and, if so, which one. The
second column within each grouping denotes the departure location. The third column
within each grouping denotes the arrival location (see next page for visual display).
Notes: Entries of "New Jersey" become "Newark"
In Departure and Arrival categories, entries combining two of the established
categories (i.e. NYC & DC) become "Other"
Entries combining LA &/or SF become "California"
Entries combining LA &/or SF with West Coast become "West Coast"
San Diego or other California cities other than LA or SF become "Other"
Texas (with or without inclusion of LA &/or SF &/or West Coast) becomes
"Other"
Entries alluding to crash sites as the intended route (e.g. WTC) becomes "Other"
Logan Airport = Boston Dulles or Reagan Airport = Washington, DC
Only mark as “Not Stated or Unknown” in appropriate columns when either no
response is given or if the participant states “I don’t know”, “No clue”, etc.
When multiple routes are listed in random placement within the space provided,
go down first, and then across. (Exception may be when the routes stated
demonstrate accuracy but were placed across rather than down.)
Example 1: Boston - LA DC - LA
Boston - LA Newark - SF
Code Down First Code as Rte 1: Boston - LA
Code as Rte 2: Boston - LA
Code as Rte 3: DC - LA
Code as Rte 4: Newark - SF
Example 2: Boston - LA Boston - LA
DC - LA Newark - SF
Code Across First (since accuracy is shown, but the order is placed across)
Again, if accuracy is not shown, then code down first.
48
The 12 columns for this question, in groupings of three per each flight, are arranged as
follows:
Flight 1 (Airline)
Flight 1 (Departure)
Flight 1 (Arrival)
Flight 2 (Airline)
Flight 2 (Departure)
Flight 2 (Arrival)
Flight 3 (Airline)
Flight 3 (Departure)
Flight 3 (Arrival)
Flight 4 (Airline)
Flight 4 (Departure)
Flight 4 (Arrival)
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR CODING
49
AIRLINE Columns (117, 120, 123, 126)
Heading: "Question #24 - Routes (Flt. #1/Flt. #2/Flt. #3/Flt. #4) - Airline"
Coding: 0 = Not stated or Unknown
1 = American
2 = United
3 = Delta
4 = Continental
5 = USAir
6 = TWA
7 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
DEPARTURE Columns (118, 121, 124, 127)
Heading: "Question #24 - Routes (Flt. #1/Flt. #2/Flt. #3/Flt. #4) - Departure"
Coding: 0 = Not stated or Unknown
1 = Boston
2 = New York City
3 = Newark
4 = Los Angeles
5 = San Francisco
6 = Washington, DC
7 = Philadelphia
8 = Pittsburgh
9 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
Added coding: 10 = California
Added coding: 11 = West Coast
ARRIVAL Columns (119, 122, 125, 128)
Heading: "Question #24 - Routes (Flt. #1/Flt. #2/Flt. #3/Flt. #4) - Arrival"
Coding: 0 = Not stated or Unknown
1 = Boston
2 = New York City
3 = Newark
4 = Los Angeles
5 = San Francisco
6 = Washington, DC
7 = Philadelphia
8 = Pittsburgh
9 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
Added coding: 10 = California
Added coding: 11 = West Coast
50
QUESTION #25
“In the vicinity of which cities did the airplanes end up?”
Overview:
In this question, the main target is the recall of the crash sites. Since the participants may
identify more than one site, each column will designate a particular city or state location
(Columns 129-138). In addition, since participants may or may not specify how many
planes per city, the coding will identify if & how many planes were mentioned for that
site. An entry of “0” for all columns means the question was unanswered.
Notes: Remember that any city not accompanied by the number of planes would be
coded as "4" (“Stated with no # of flights specified”). The only exception to
this may be when someone lists the same city more than once to indicate one
response per plane:
NYC NYC Wash, DC PA
In this example, since NYC was listed twice, the participant accounted for the
(2) planes that crashed in NYC. Therefore, you could infer that the participant
was responding by specific number.
Entries combining "Pittsburgh &/or Philadelphia" become "Pennsylvania"
Any town or city in Pennsylvania other than Pittsburgh or Philadelphia
(which have their own columns), enter as “Pennsylvania”.
The columns for locations are as follows:
Boston
New York City
Newark
Los Angeles
San Francisco
Washington, DC
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Pennsylvania
Other (Enter response(s) in addendum After entering applicable response(s) in
addendum, combine coding so as to enter a single appropriate coding (1-4),
as shown below, in the main coding grid.)
Columns 129-138
Heading: "Question #25 - Airplane Crash Site (Various locations from list above)"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (Participant did not enter that particular city in the response)
1 = Stated as 1 flight
2 = Stated as 2 flights
3 = Stated as more than 2 flights
4 = Stated with no # of flights specified
51
QUESTION #26
“Where was President Bush when the attack occurred?”
Overview:
It is possible that the responses will be in the form of geographic location, such as a state
or city, and/or in the form of a specific locale, such as a school, place of business, etc.
For this reason, there will be two columns, one for some of the most probable states and
cities, and one for the most probable locales.
Column 139
Heading: “Question #26 – President Bush Location (State or City)
Notes: President Bush Location (State or City)
Entries that combine an already listed category and one that is not listed become
the category already listed (i.e. "Florida & Louisiana" becomes "Florida")
Entries of "Visiting Jeb" [usually listed in the "Specific Site" column] become
"Florida" in the "State/City" column. NOTE: this also would be entered in
"Specific Site" as "Other"
"Hiding", "All over" becomes "Other" IN SPECIFIC SITE
Entries that state where he was NOT (i.e. "Not in DC") become "Other"
Entries combining multiple listings from those already provided become "Other"
(unless the entry demonstrates where he was first (i.e. "Florida to D.C")
"Don't know", "Don't remember", "Who Cares", etc. becomes "Not Stated"
Include any Florida city or town (e.g. Sarasota) in the selection for “Florida”.
Coding: 0 = Not stated or Unknown
1 = Florida
2 = New York City
3 = Washington, DC
4 = Texas
5 = California
6 = Boston
7 = Nebraska
8 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
52
Column 140
Heading: “Question #26 – President Bush Location (Specific Site)”
Notes: President Bush Location (Specific Site)
"Education Seminar/Conference" becomes "Other"
"Visiting Jeb" becomes "Other" [also in "State or City", where it becomes
"Florida"]
"Hiding", "Away", "Vacation" becomes "Other"
Entries alluding to being in flight or en route become "Air Force One"
Entries alluding to children or kids become "School - General" (unless specifying
level of school, such as elementary, which then becomes "Elementary School")
Entries stating where he was NOT (i.e. "Not in White House") become "Other"
"Summer home" becomes "Ranch in Texas"
Reference to any country or location outside U.S. becomes "Overseas/In Other
Country"
Coding: 0 = Not stated or Unknown
1 = Elementary School
2 = High School
3 = University
4 = School - General
5 = White House
6 = Capitol Hill
7 = Pentagon
8 = Camp David
9 = Ranch in Texas
10 = Air Force One
11 = Military Base
12 = Overseas/In Other Country
13 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
53
QUESTION #27
“When you first became aware of the attack, what did you think was going on?”
Overview:
Since this question targets one specific response, the list below is arranged into a single
column with assigned numerical coding for each selection.
Notes: Make sure to code for FIRST perception of event, not necessarily the event as being the
cause of a terrorist attack.
Entries alluding to an attack without specifying its nature become "Attack -
General"
"Suicide", "Chaos", "Apocalypse", "End of the world" becomes "Other"
Entries alluding to the event as "a joke", "unreal", or "movie-like" become
"Something Unreal"
Entries alluding to uncertainty, confusion, or not supplying enough information
to warrant a category become "Not Stated" (However, if qualified as a
transitional phase of thought, then okay to code for the other entry -- e.g. I had
no idea -- I figured it to be a bomb explosion). This could be coded as "Bomb
Explosion".
Entries alluding to "war", "invasion" or implying foreign nation attack become
"Foreign Invasion/War"
If participant states explosion, but does not state specifically as a “bomb”
explosion, then enter in “Other explosion”. Similarly, for any response that
includes accident, but does not specify the words “airline, airplane, or traffic”
then enter as “Accident – General”.
Column 141
Heading: “Question #27 – First Perception”
Coding: 0 = Not stated or unknown
1 = Terrorist attack
2 = Plane accident
3 = Traffic accident
4 = Accident - General
5 = Bomb explosion
6 = Other explosion
7 = Water-main break
8 = Building on fire
9 = The building you were in had a problem/explosion/fire
10 = Construction noise
11 = Other (Enter response in addendum)
Added coding: 12 = Attack - General
Added coding: 13 = Foreign Invasion / War
Added coding: 14 = Something Unreal
54
QUESTION #28
“Please list the important events that occurred in the attack.”
Overview:
Since a variety of combinations may be entered by the participant, the coding scheme
will provide each listing with its own column (Columns 142-159), thereby requiring only
a “0” or “1” when that particular entry is noted, regardless of how many entries apply to
that column. The list below comprises the primary events of the attack that correspond to
the survey list from Question #29, PLUS those that had approximately 50 or more entries
from the addendum. Responses not applicable to those categories/columns listed will be
coded under “Other” and all appropriate entries will be added to an addendum list.
An additional column (Column 160) is used to provide a total tally of events.
Notes: As with the original category columns for this question, the categories below will
have their own respective columns, with a coding of either "0" (Not Stated) or
"1" (Stated). "1" (Stated) is coded when there is an applicable listing, regardless
of how many variations of that listing are included in the response. For
example, "Bush flew from Florida to Louisiana" is combined with "Bush flew
from Louisiana to Nebraska". Although there are two entries applicable to
"Bush in Transit", only a "1" is coded.
HIJACKINGS: When in conjunction with the WTC towers, Pentagon, PA
crash, &/or references to attack on symbols (e.g"3 renowned buildings
attacked") will be coded into the appropriate original columns identifying "hits"
&/or "collapses" for these buildings. In other words, any references that
indicate an awareness of the hijacked plane in connection with its target, crash
site, or timeframe, will be re-coded back into the appropriate original columns
in the main grid, since the original wording of the first six columns is based on
the phrases from Q29 -- "A hijacked plane crashed outside of Pittsburgh", "The
Pentagon was hit by a hijacked plane", etc.
However, if hijackings are mentioned as a general item, code under "Hijackings"
(e.g. "Hijackings with knives", "Terrorists on planes", "Hijacked planes")
NOT APPLICABLE: Entries that neither define an event, nor apply to the
timeframe within which the attacks occurred, will be coded as "Not
Applicable" (e.g. "Bang bang" "The attack may bring war", "U.S. not the
same", "hijackers trained in the U.S.")
OTHER: As stated in original coding, any entries that qualify as "Other" should
be considered distinct entries that are tallied for the final total # entered in
the last column for this question. An exception is when a response includes
repetition of an incident. In that case, it is not necessary to consider each
response as distinct (e.g. "Security was lax in Boston. Security was lax in
NY."). In this example, "laxness of security" would be ONE entry in the
addendum. If there are any doubts, please ask.
Also, in the addendum, remember to mark alongside each addendum entry the
total # of addendum entries, for that survey, in that question column.
55
CASUALTIES:
There are 3 columns: Casualties-Other/Unspecified
Casualties-Passengers/Crew/Pilots/Hijackers
Casualties-Rescuers/Police/Fire Workers
These responses are separated accordingly. Entries alluding to "Missing People"
and those who "jumped" will be included, sorted into their appropriate groups.
Only entries alluding to "passengers/crew/pilots" OR to "rescue workers/fire/
police/others assisting" will be coded into those sub-categories.
If response is more general (i.e. "Many died during attacks", "5000 died in
crashes") coding will go under "Casualties-Other/Unspecified"
EVACUATIONS: includes "people running/escaping"
RESCUE ASSISTANCE: includes "volunteer help", "donating blood", "people
helping others", "acts of heroism/bravery" ["Unity", if general, doesn't qualify]
References to "4th plane" may be coded under original column for "PA Crash"
Make sure to identify main event of each listing (e.g. "Rumor of other hijacked
plane"). "Rumor" is the main issue. "Rumor" becomes "OTHER" and is
entered in addendum.
Columns 142-159
Headings: Important Events (List of each category/column shown below)"
First WTC building hit by hijacked plane
Second WTC building hit by hijacked plane
Pentagon hit by hijacked plane
Hijacked plane crashes near Pittsburgh
First WTC building collapses
Second WTC collapses
Added coding: Air Travel Suspended
Added coding: Bush &/or Cheney in Transit
Added coding: Casualties-Other/Unspecified
Added coding: Casualties-Passengers
Added coding: Casualties-Rescuers
Added coding: Defiance of PA passengers
Added coding: Evacuations
Added coding: Hijackings (General)
Added coding: Other Buildings Collapse
Added coding: Rescue Assistance
Added coding: Not Applicable
Other (Enter 1, if applicable, and add all appropriate entries to addendum)
Coding: 0 = Not Applicable
1 = Applicable (this applies to single or multiple entries for each column)
Column 160
Heading: “Question #28 – Important Events (Total # of Entries)
Coding: Enter the sum of "1s" from all columns above, excluding the "1" from the column
"OTHER". Instead, add to this tally the # of entries from the addendum. Hence, if four
columns are coded "1", the tally would be "4". If four entries are listed in the addendum,
the total tally would be "8", NOT "5" and NOT "9".
56
QUESTION #29
“Many people think that these are the most salient events that occurred in the attack:”
“Please indicate the order in which you became aware of each event:” (See survey)
“Please indicate the order in which the events actually occurred:” (See survey)
Overview:
This is a two-part question. As in the first-round survey, the event order was arranged in
different sequences so as to note if there would be an affect on perception of event
sequence under this manipulation. For the third round, the surveys incorporate three
event order variations (A, B, & C). Since there are two types of surveys, one with
Confidence ratings and the other with Forecasting ratings, there are a total of 6
designations (CA, CB, CC, FA, FB, & FC - See Column 4 in main grid), but only three
event order variations - A, B, & C. The Swedish surveys have an additional version: CD.
HAND-PRINT SURVEYS: the event order for each version (CA, CB, CC, FA, FB, or
FC) is shown in the respective surveys themselves. Versions are also shown on page 59.
WEB-SITE SURVEYS: see Page 59 for the event order for each version.
Notes: Rather than providing a multitude of columns with every sequential combination, each
event (as in Question #28) is given its own column for both parts of the question
(Columns 161-166 - Awareness Order) and (Columns 167-172 - Actual Order). The
coding simply notes the order in which the participant listed the events in each part by
assigning the corresponding numerical order in the appropriate column.
For example, the response for part one may show that the participant became aware in the
following order: a) a hijacked plane crashed outside of Pittsburgh; b) a WTC tower
collapsed; and c) the Pentagon was hit by a hijacked plane. The coding would record this
order by placing a “1”, “2”, and “3” in each of the corresponding columns, respectively.
The rest of the selections would follow accordingly.
It is possible that participants became aware of the events simultaneously (e.g. morning
news on the West Coast may have summarized the incidents into a single headline). In
order to code with statistical consistency, the total sum of the rating scale (1+2+3+4+5+6
= 21) needs to be preserved. Hence, if the participant stated awareness of more than one
event at the same time, the average number will be entered equally for each of those
simultaneous events, while coding for the other events will maintain and reflect their
relative order. For example, the respondent stated the following order of events, but
mentioned that the 2nd through 5th events were known of at the same moment:
A hijacked plane crashed outside of Pittsburgh 1
The Pentagon was hit by a hijacked plane 2
A World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane 3
A Second World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane 4
A World Trade Center Tower collapsed 5
A second World Trade Center Tower collapsed 6
21
Coding would normally order each event 1 to 6, as listed. However, for the 2nd through
5th events, coding will reflect the rating average of these four:
57
Since awareness of the first and last events are listed separately from the others, their
respective order of 1 and 6 would stay as is. However, the simultaneous awareness of
2, 3, 4, and 5 would be averaged as 2+3+4+5 (or 14) divided by 4; therefore, each of
these four events would rate a “3.5”, and there would be no entry of “2”, “3”, “4”, or “5”:
A hijacked plane crashed outside of Pittsburgh 1
The Pentagon was hit by a hijacked plane 3.5
A World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane 3.5
A Second World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane 3.5
A World Trade Center Tower collapsed 3.5
A second World Trade Center Tower collapsed 6
21
As shown, the total rating scale equals 21.0 in both examples.
If the same entry is repeated two or more times (e.g. “a,b,b,d,e,f” – implying uncertainty
or error, enter “0” for all missing selections and enter the numeric order for the others
starting with “1” (i.e. “1, 2, 3,…”). In this example, a = 1, b = 2, c = 0, d = 3, e = 4, f = 5.
Columns headings appear in the following order, in the spreadsheet:
The same order applies to both "Awareness Order" columns (Columns 161-166) and
"Actual Order" columns (Columns 167-172):
- A World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
- A second World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
- The Pentagon was hit by a hijacked plane
- A hijacked plane crashed outside of Pittsburgh
- A World Trade Center Tower collapsed
- A second World Trade Center Tower collapsed
NOTE: For Brigham surveys: only “first” and “last” events are requested. Coding of “1” and
“6” should apply only to those applicable events/columns. If multiple events stated for
either, divide rating as shown above. All other columns should be coded “0”.
Columns 161-166 and 167-172
Heading: "Question #29 - Event Order - Awareness OR Actual (abbreviated event phrase)"
1st WTC Hit
2nd WTC Hit
Pentagon Hit
Pittsburgh Crash
1st WTC Collapse
2nd WTC Collapse
Coding: List by number (1-6) the order in which each event was recalled.
0 = Not stated or Unknown (Enter in each applicable column)
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR SEQUENCE VARIATIONS
58
QUESTION #29: EVENT ORDER FOR EACH VERSION
Surveys CA & FA
a) The Pentagon was hit by a hijacked plane
b) A second World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
c) A World Trade Center Tower collapsed
d) A World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
e) A second World Trade Center Tower collapsed
f) A hijacked plane crashed outside of Pittsburgh
Surveys CB & FB
a) A second World Trade Center Tower collapsed
b) A second World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
c) A World Trade Center Tower collapsed
d) The Pentagon was hit by a hijacked plane
e) A World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
f) A hijacked plane crashed outside of Pittsburgh
Surveys CC & FC
a) A hijacked plane crashed outside of Pittsburgh
b) A World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
c) The Pentagon was hit by a hijacked plane
d) A World Trade Center Tower collapsed
e) A second World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
f) A second World Trade Center Tower collapsed
Surveys CD (one of the Swedish versions)
a) A hijacked plane crashed outside of Pittsburgh
b) A second World Trade Center Tower collapsed
c) A World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
d) A World Trade Center Tower collapsed
e) A second World Trade Center Tower was hit by a hijacked plane
f) The Pentagon was hit by a hijacked plane
59
QUESTIONS #30 - #35 (For Brigham: these questions were not included)
"We'd like you to tell us about HOW YOU THINK YOU'LL FEEL ABOUT THE
ATTACK SEVEN YEARS FROM NOW, ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF
9/11. Please indicate your response by marking the appropriate point on the scales
provided. Note that you may indicate partial numbers (e.g. 3.5)."
Overview:
The coding for these emotional response columns (Columns 173-178) is provided in the
survey itself, on a straightforward rating scale.
The emotions are as follows: Column # Question #
Sadness Column 173 Question #30
Anger Column 174 Question #31
Fear Column 175 Question #32
Confusion Column 176 Question #33
Frustration Column 177 Question #34
Shock Column 178 Question #35
Notes: As stated in the wording shown above, this section (Questions #30-#35) addresses
these emotions as they pertain to PROJECTED feelings seven years from the time of
filling out this survey.
If no rating is given for any of these emotions, and if Question #36 "Other Projected
Emotions" states that particular emotion(s) or one of the synonyms provided, then you
may code the rating appropriately in the initial column(s):
Example: "Anger" was not rated. However, "Outraged" was written in "Other Projected
Emotions (Seven Years From Now)" and given a rating of "4". In this case, enter the
rating of "4" in the column for "Anger".
Column 173
Heading: "Question #30 – Sadness (Projected)”
This may include: Dismayed, Upset, Mournful, Depressed, Awful, Hurt, Terrible,
Horrible, Regret, Despair, Heaviness, Loss, Heartache,
Disappointment, Crying, Weeping, Grim, Melancholy
(if stated in Question #36 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
60
Column 174
Heading: "Question #31 – Anger (Projected)”
This may include: Mad, Vengeful, Livid, Annoyed, Bitter, Outraged, Vengeful,
Hateful, Appalled, Disgusted, Irritable, Repulsion, Aggression,
Indignation)
(if stated in Question #36 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
Column 175
Heading: "Question #32 – Fear (Projected)”
This may include: Scared, Terrified, Alarmed, Afraid, Frightened, Wary, Suspicious,
Apprehensive, Foreboding, Dread, Paranoid, Unsafe,
(if stated in Question #36 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
Column 176
Heading: "Question #33 – Confusion (Projected)”
This may include: Disoriented, Lost, Unstable, Unsure, Baffled, Didn't understand,
Perplexed, Puzzled, Bewildered, Ambiguousness, Aimlessness,
Conflicted, Indecisive, Flustered
(if stated in Question #36 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
61
Column 177
Heading: "Question #34 – Frustration (Projected)”
This may include: Helpless, Aggravated, Impotent, Inadequate, Uselessness,
Worthlessness
(if stated in Question #36 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
Column 178
Heading: "Question #35 – Shock (Projected)”
This may include: Stunned, Disbelieving, Astonished, Horrified, Stupefied,
Incredulous, Speechless, Astounded, Startled, Aghast,
Dumbstruck, Dumbfounded, Flabbergasted
(if stated in Question #36 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
62
QUESTION #36 (For Brigham: this question was not included)
"Seven years from now, what other emotions might you be experiencing relative to the
attack? List and rate their expected intensity:”
Overview:
As in Question #19, this question may contain a variety of responses. Originally, these
additional emotion entries were put into an addendum list with a notation of the intensity
rating (from 0 – 5; “0” = No rating listed) in a separate column. They have been
subsequently re-coded so as to be included in the main coding matrix. New categories
were created for response s that demonstrated single or grouped listings with close to or
more than 50 entries for any ONE or more of the questions pertaining to emotions -- Q7,
Q8b, Q19, and Q36.
Notes: IMPORTANT: Record coding for all entries, not just the first response.
The columns listed below (Columns 179-204) were added to the coding matrix beyond
the 6 emotions already provided on the survey. The original 6 emotions were Angry,
Sad, Fearful, Confused, Frustrated, and Shocked. If a participant added a response for
"Other Projected Emotions" that could be considered as one of these six original
emotions, and if the participant already entered a rating for that particular original
emotion, then the added listing will be ignored. If, however, the participant did not give a
rating for an original emotion and if one of the "Other" listings states that emotion or one
of the synonyms provided, then the appropriate original/initial category will be coded
from the listing given in "Other Projected Emotions (Two Years From Now)".
Of course, if a listing is one that does not fall within one of the original 6 emotions, but
falls ONLY within the coding definitions for the additional category columns listed
below, then it will be coded for that new column. The coding for these "Other Projected
Emotions" columns will be "0" for "Not Stated" or "1" for "Stated". "Stated" will only
receive a coding of "1", regardless of how many listings in "Other Projected Emotions"
apply to that column.
Rating Columns:
There will also be a column for intensity rating alongside each column listed below under
"New columns". The rating scale will go from 0 - 5. "0" = No rating or a rating of "0".
Ratings of 1 -5 range from "1" = "Very Little" to "5" = "Very High". If a participant rates
a listing with a number higher than 5, the coding will be "5". Ratings should be rounded
off to the nearest quarter-fraction (i.e. 3.25, 3.5, 3.75, 4, etc.).
Where multiple entries apply to the same column, the rating will be the AVERAGE of
the applicable ratings given. Of course, when only one entry applies to one category, the
single applicable rating for that entry is appropriate.
For the category "Other", the rating instructions remain the same as far as the main
coding grid. However, in the addendum, list each applicable entry separately, and then
rate separately each listing as it is stated in the survey, in the adjacent column provided in
the addendum worksheet.
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR COLUMNS
63
The following ORIGINAL emotions will not have columns within this section.
However, the coding definitions below are included to help assist in knowing if the
response applies as one of the original 6 emotions or as one of the inclusive synonyms. If
that were the case, simply check to make sure the original column was rated by the
participant. If yes, then do not code for the response and leave the initial rating as is. If
no, then record the rating from the new entry (or the average rating, if more than one new
entry applies to that category).
Not stated (When no response AT ALL is given)
Angry (Include: Mad, Vengeful, Livid, Annoyed, Bitter Outraged,
Vengeful, Hateful, Appalled, Disgusted, Irritable, Repulsion,
Aggression, Indignation)
Sad (Include: Dismayed, Upset, Mournful, Depressed, Awful, Hurt,
Terrible, Horrible, Regret, Despair, Heaviness, Loss, Heartache,
Disappointment, Crying, Weeping, Grim, Melancholy)
Fearful (Include: Scared, Terrified, Alarmed, Afraid, Frightened, Wary,
Apprehensive, Foreboding, Dread, Paranoid, Unsafe, Suspicious)
Confused (Include: Disoriented, Lost, Unstable, Unsure, Baffled, Didn't
understand, Perplexed, Puzzled, Bewildered, Ambiguousness,
Aimlessness, Conflicted, Indecisive, Flustered)
Frustrated (Include: Helpless, Aggravated, Impotent, Inadequate,
Uselessness, Worthlessness)
Shocked (Include: Stunned, Disbelieving, Astonished, Horrified,
Stupefied, Incredulous, Speechless, Astounded, Startled, Aghast,
Dumbstruck, Dumbfounded, Flabbergasted)
If a response is strongly associated with one of the coding selections, but not listed above,
you may code for that category (e.g. "Pissed off" would constitute "Angry"). However,
please ask if you have any doubt.
The following additional columns were established for this question:
Not Applicable
Anxious/Distressed
Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/Distraught
Physically Disturbed
Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity
Numb
Neutral
Surprised
Guilt/Shame/Ashamed/Embarrassment/Remorse
Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious
Proud/Patriotic (Admiration, Appreciation/Respect, in context w/civic responses)
Hopeful/Optimistic
Other (Enter response(s) in addendum. As in original coding, this applies to
listings that remain in the addendum. (They DO NOT APPLY to the
original 6 emotions OR to those above)
For "Other": Include, in parentheses, the total # of addendum entries for
this question, per participant, alongside each addendum entry.
SEE NEXT SIX PAGES FOR MORE COLUMNS, CODING, & DEFINITIONS
64
MORE SYNONYMS/CODING DEFINITIONS FOR OTHER EMOTIONS (Q36)
Special Note: When considering the appropriateness of a coding category, keep in mind the context in
which the response is written. For example, "hope we're not at war" might suggest
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" as the best coding, but it's more a reflection of a reservation about the future
rather than a sense of hopefulness or optimism.
"NOT STATED" applies to those participants who did not enter any response
"NOT APPLICABLE" incorporates entries that cannot be assigned an emotional state
(e.g. "I thought it was an accident", "Awareness")
"ANXIOUS/DISTRESSED" incorporates entries alluding to states of emotional unrest or
restlessness (e.g. Agitation, Tension, Stress, Nervousness, Jumpiness, Traumatized, Panicked,
Devastated, Overwhelmed, Uneasy, Troubled)
"WORRIED/CONCERNED/PREOCCUPIED/DISTRAUGHT"
"PHYSICALLY DISTURBED" incorporates entries alluding to manifestations of physical
symptoms (e.g. Sick, Nauseous, Weak, Exhausted, Pained, Nightmares, Distracted, Revulsion,
Shaken)
"SYMPATHY/EMPATHY/COMPASSION/PITY" (Understanding, Sorry for…)
"NUMB" constitutes its own category alluding to the more specific state of being emotionally
paralyzed, anesthetized, dazed, dulled, shut off, empty, without feeling, desensitized, alienated,
in Denial
"NEUTRAL" incorporates entries alluding to the lack or absence of emotional affect or
acknowledgment, excluding "numbness" (e.g. Calm, Detached, Indifferent, Bored, Resigned,
Not Surprised, Accepting)
"SURPRISED" will be its own category/column
"GUILT/ASHAMED/SHAME/EMBARRASSMENT/REMORSE"
"EXCITED/INTRIGUED/FASCINATED/CURIOUS" incorporates entries alluding to states of
interest, captivation, fascination, awe, stimulation, curiosity, wonder (e.g. Amazed, Spellbound,
Engrossed, Alert)
"PROUD/PATRIOTIC" (Admiration/Appreciation/Respect, when in context with issues relating
to civic responses - i.e. Firefighters, Government, New Yorkers, etc.)
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" incorporates entries such as "Prayerful", "Faithful", "Confident",
"Reassured", "Trusting"
"OTHER" incorporates additional entries not qualifying as a new entry or other categories (e.g.
"Skeptical", "Doubtful", "Cynical", "Love", "Happy", "Relieved", "Grateful", "Thankful",
"Insecure", "Uncertain")
Entries of "Outraged", "Vengeful", "Hateful", "Appalled", "Disgusted", "Irritable", "Repulsion",
"Agression", "Indignation" become "Anger"
Entries of "Awful", "Hurt", "Terrible", "Horrible", "Regret", "Despair", "Heaviness", "Loss",
"Heartache", "Disappointment", "Crying", "Weeping", "Grim", "Melancholy" become "Sad"
Entries of "Afraid", "Frightened", "Apprehensive", "Foreboding", "Dread", "Paranoid", "Wary",
"Unsafe", "Suspicious", will be coded under "Fear"
Entries of "Baffled", "Didn't understand", "Perplexed", "Puzzled", "Bewildered", "Aimlessness",
"Ambiguousness", "Conflicted", "Indecisive", "Flustered" will be coded under "Confusion"
Entries of "Impotent", "Inadequate", "Uselessness", "Worthlessness" become "Frustrated"
Entries of "Stupefied", "Incredulous", "Speechless", "Astounded", "Startled", "Aghast"
"Dumbstruck", "Dumbfounded" "Flabbergasted" will be coded under "Shock"
65
Column 179
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Not Applicable)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries that cannot be assigned an emotional state
(e.g. "I thought it was an accident", "Awareness")
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 180
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Not Applicable) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 181
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Anxious/Distressed)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to states of emotional unrest or
restlessness (e.g. Agitation, Tension, Stress, Nervousness, Jumpiness,
Traumatized, Panicked, Devastated, Overwhelmed, Uneasy, Troubled)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 182
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Anxious/Distressed) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 183
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/
Distraught)"
Coding: This column incorporates primarily those adjectives stated
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 184
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/
Distraught) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
66
Column 185
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Physically Disturbed)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to manifestations of physical
symptoms (e.g. Sick, Nauseous, Weak, Exhausted, Pained, Nightmares,
Distractedness, Revulsion, Shaken)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 186
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Physically Disturbed) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 187
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity)"
Coding: This column alludes to adjectives stated, plus "Understanding", "Sorry for", etc.
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 188
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity) -
Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 189
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Numb)"
Coding: This column incorporates states of being emotionally paralyzed, anesthetized,
dazed, dulled, shut off, empty, without feeling. desensitized, alienated, in denial
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 190
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Numb) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
67
Column 191
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Neutral)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to the lack or absence of emotional
affect or acknowledgment, excluding "numbness"
(e.g. Calm, Detached, Indifferent, Bored, Not Surprised, Resigned, Accepting)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 192
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Neutral) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 193
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Surprised)"
Coding: This column incorporates this adjective specifically
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 194
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Surprised) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 195
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Guilt/Ashamed/Shame/Embarrassment/
Remorse)"
Coding: This column incorporates primarily those adjectives stated
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 196
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Guilt/Ashamed/Shame/Embarrassment/
Remorse) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
68
Column 197
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to states of interest, captivation, awe,
stimulation, curiosity, wonder (e.g. Amazed, Spellbound, Engrossed, Alert)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 198
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious) -
Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 199
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Proud/Patriotic)"
Coding: This column incorporates Admiration/Appreciation/Respect, in context with
issues relating to civic responses (i.e. Firefighters, Govt., New Yorkers, etc.)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 200
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Proud/Patriotic) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 201
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Hopeful/Optimistic)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries such as "Prayerful", "Faithful", "Confident",
"Reassured", "Trusting"
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 202
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Hopeful/Optimistic) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
69
Column 203
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Other)"
Coding: This column incorporates additional entries not qualifying as either a new entry
or as one of the six categories originally listed (e.g. "Skeptical", "Doubtful",
"Cynical", "Love", "Happy", "Relieved", "Grateful", "Thankful", "Insecure",
"Uncertain")
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
List each entry in the addendum separately and code each rating in the adjacent
addendum column.
Column 204
Heading: "Question #36 - Other Projected Emotions (Other) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies (this applies to the main
coding grid rating. For the addendum rating, see note above).
70
QUESTION #37 (For Brigham: Q38)
"In the two weeks following the attack, what did you think would be the likelihood of
another terrorist attack in the United States during the time periods listed below? Note
that numbers on the provided scales indicate the percentage chance that an attack was
likely to take place. Please circle your selected value for each item."
Overview:
This is a straightforward question in three parts, each part targeting a distinct timeframe:
a) in the month following the attack, b) in the year following the attack, and c) in five
years following the attack. Each timeframe will include a Confidence Rating scale. The
coding for the first columns within each timeframe will be the percentage number noted
on the survey. Since “0” is part of the rating scale provided in the survey, these three
columns will use the coding "999" to denote “Not Stated”.
Column 205
Heading: "Question #37 – % of Another Attack Within One Month – 2 Weeks Following Attack
(Percent)"
Coding: Enter percent stated on survey, from 0 – 100.
999 = Not stated (No rating given)
Column 206
Heading: "Question #37 - % of Another Attack Within One Month – 2 Weeks Following Attack
(Confidence Rating)"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
71
Column 207
Heading: "Question #37 – % of Another Attack Within One Year – 2 Weeks Following Attack
(Percent)"
Coding: Enter percent stated on survey, from 0 – 100.
999 = Not stated (No rating given)
Column 208
Heading: "Question #37 - % of Another Attack Within One Year – 2 Weeks Following Attack
(Confidence Rating)"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
Column 209
Heading: "Question #37 – % of Another Attack Within Five Years – 2 Weeks Following Attack
(Percent)"
Coding: Enter percent stated on survey, from 0 – 100.
999 = Not stated (No rating given)
Column 210
Heading: "Question #37 - % of Another Attack Within Five Years – 2 Weeks Following Attack
(Confidence Rating)"
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = From “Not at all” – “Extremely”
72
QUESTION #41 (For Brigham: Q42)
"IN THE TWO WEEKS FOLLOWING 9/11, who did you think was responsible for
the attack?"
Overview:
This question may have several answers. Each selection has its own column (Columns
211-236), requiring only a “0” for “Not Stated/Not Applicable” or a “1” for
“Stated/Applicable”, regardless of how many entries apply to a column.
Notes: "Not Stated" will also have its own respective column. This denotes when the participant
entered no response at all. If applicable, a "1" would be entered into the appropriate
"cell" on the grid. All other columns in the question would then be coded as "0".
"Other" and "Other Group" have their own columns. If applicable, these columns would
be coded as "1" and the responses would be entered into the addendum, in the same
column. Remember to place, alongside each entry, the total # of addendum entries for
this question, per participant. Explanations as to the type of response that would apply to
these columns are included amongst the notations that follow:
U.S. GOVERNMENT: Includes references to America: U.S. Govt. agencies (e.g. FAA,
but not FBI/CIA), members of govt or administration (e.g. Bush) or entries alluding to
policies, American behavior, or America (in general)
OTHER GROUP: Used for person(s) or group(s) not already assigned a column
Includes references to American people (e.g. “Americans”)
Includes "Palestinians"
Includes references to "the hijackers"
OTHER: Used for ideas, attitudes, non-sequiturs, points-of-view on issues, etc.
(e.g. "hatred in the world", "capitalism", "justice should step in")
"PLO" &/or "HAMAS": Includes "Palestinian organizations"
"HEADS OF VARIOUS STATES/COUNTRIES": Includes individual OR multiple
leaders/states not assigned a column
UNSURE: Includes entries stating "unsure", "don't know", etc. as a sole response or as
a response distinct from any others
BIN LADEN-UNSURE: Any entries expressing uncertainty of Bin Laden's responsibility
Any entries expressing uncertainty for any already mentioned category except Bin Laden
will be coded under that category.
Muslim = Islamic
Mossad = Israel
As much as possible, the attempt is to try not to force responses to fit into the columns or
selections provided. The main objective is to capture the actual/literal response given and
enter as such. Following are four examples:
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR SOME CODING EXAMPLES
73
Example 1
"Capitalistic Greed and those concerned with oil profits."
This statement reflects both a thematic issue and a group not assigned a prior category.
Therefore, coding would go under both "Other" and "Other Group". As well, the entries
would be entered into the addendum.
Example 2
“Nineteen males”
In this response, the focus is on the hijackers; however, there is no specific reference to
their being from a particular country or of their ethnicity ("Arab Individuals” or “Non-
Arab Individuals”). Therefore, this response would go under “Other Group”, and the
response would be entered into the addendum.
Example 3
"I'm not sure, but probably Saudi Arabia and Libya"
Even though uncertainty is expressed for the involvement of these countries, coding may
still be entered to indicate their involvement. Since these countries do not have their own
columns, coding would go under "Heads of Various States/Countries".
Example 4
"I have, of course, heard how everyone is suspecting Osama bin Laden, but the evidence
is still not there."
Since Bin Laden-Unsure is a designated column, the response would be coded under that
category.
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR CODING SELECTIONS AND CODING SCHEME
74
Columns 211-236
Headings: "Question #41 - Responsible - Two Weeks Following (Various listings below)"
Not Stated (Enter a "1" IN THIS COLUMN if no response was given by the participant)
(Enter a "0" for all other columns)
Osama bin Laden
Al Queda
Taliban
Afghanistan
Iraq/Saddam Hussein
Iran
PLO/Arafat
Israel (Include: Mossad)
Hamas
Islamic Fundamentalists or Extremists/Jihad Movement/Mujahideen
Other Religious Fanatics
Terrorists - General
Domestic Terrorists
Middle Eastern Terrorists
Arab Individuals
Non-Arab Individuals
Heads of Various States/Countries
Foreign Intelligence
U.S. Government/U.S Policies/Behavior, & Agencies (not U.S. citizens or CIA/FBI)
CIA/FBI
Other (Enter "1", if applicable, and include response(s) in addendum)
Added coding: Bin Laden - Unsure
Added coding: Bin Laden Followers
Added coding: Other Group (Enter "1", if applicable, and include response(s) in addendum)
Added coding: Unsure
Coding: 0 = Not Stated/Not Applicable (No response given or none applicable to the column)
1 = Stated/Applicable (Regardless of how many entries apply to the column)
75
QUESTIONS #42 - #47 (For Brigham: Q30 – 35)
"We'd like you to tell us about your CURRENT FEELINGS CONCERNING THE
ATTACK. Please indicate your response by marking the appropriate point on the scales
provided. Note that you may indicate partial numbers (e.g. 3.5)."
Overview:
The coding for these emotional response columns (Columns 237-242) is provided in the
survey itself, on a straightforward rating scale.
The emotions are as follows: Column # Question #
Sadness Column 237 Question #42
Anger Column 238 Question #43
Fear Column 239 Question #44
Confusion Column 240 Question #45
Frustration Column 241 Question #46
Shock Column 242 Question #47
Notes: As stated in the question shown above, this section (Questions #42-#47) addresses
these emotions as they pertain to CURRENT feelings at the time of filling out this
survey.
If no rating is given for any of these emotions, and if Question #48 (Other Current
Emotions) states that particular emotion(s) or one of the synonyms provided, then you
may code the rating appropriately in the initial column(s):
Example: "Anger" was not rated. However, "Outraged" was written in "Other Current
Emotions " and given a rating of "4". In this case, enter the rating of "4" in the column
for "Anger".
Column 237
Heading: "Question #42 – Sadness (Current)”
This may include: Dismayed, Upset, Mournful, Depressed, Awful, Hurt, Terrible,
Horrible, Regret, Despair, Heaviness, Loss, Heartache,
Disappointment, Crying, Weeping, Grim, Melancholy
(if stated in Question #48 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
76
Column 238
Heading: "Question #43 – Anger (Current)”
This may include: Mad, Vengeful, Livid, Annoyed, Bitter, Outraged, Vengeful,
Hateful, Appalled, Disgusted, Irritable, Repulsion, Aggression,
Indignation)
(if stated in Question #48 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
Column 239
Heading: "Question #44 – Fear (Current)”
This may include: Scared, Terrified, Alarmed, Afraid, Frightened, Wary, Suspicious,
Apprehensive, Foreboding, Dread, Paranoid, Unsafe,
(if stated in Question #48 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
Column 240
Heading: "Question #45 – Confusion (Current)”
This may include: Disoriented, Lost, Unstable, Unsure, Baffled, Didn't understand,
Perplexed, Puzzled, Bewildered, Ambiguousness, Aimlessness,
Conflicted, Indecisive, Flustered
(if stated in Question #48 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
77
Column 241
Heading: "Question #46 – Frustration (Current)”
This may include: Helpless, Aggravated, Impotent, Inadequate, Uselessness,
Worthlessness
(if stated in Question #48 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
Column 242
Heading: "Question #47 – Shock (Current)”
This may include: Stunned, Disbelieving, Astonished, Horrified, Stupefied,
Incredulous, Speechless, Astounded, Startled, Aghast,
Dumbstruck, Dumbfounded, Flabbergasted
(if stated in Question #48 -- see notes above)
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of intensity, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Added coding: 6 = Category Omitted from Survey
78
QUESTION #48 (For Brigham: Q36)
"At this moment, what other emotions might you be experiencing relative to the attack?
List and rate their intensity:”
Overview:
As in Questions #19 and #36, this question may contain a variety of responses.
Originally, these additional emotion entries were put into an addendum list with a
notation of the intensity rating (from 0 – 5; “0” = No rating listed) in a separate column.
They have been subsequently re-coded so as to be included in the main coding matrix.
New categories were created for response s that demonstrated single or grouped listings
with close to or more than 50 entries for any ONE or more of the questions pertaining to
emotions -- Q7, Q8b, Q19, and Q36.
Notes: IMPORTANT: Record coding for all entries, not just the first response.
The columns listed below (Columns 243-268) were added to the coding matrix beyond
the 6 emotions already provided on the survey. The original 6 emotions were Angry,
Sad, Fearful, Confused, Frustrated, and Shocked. If a participant added a response for
"Other Current Emotions" that could be considered as one of these six original emotions,
and if the participant already entered a rating for that particular original emotion, then the
added listing will be ignored. If, however, the participant did not give a rating for an
original emotion and if one of the "Other" listings states that emotion or one of the
synonyms provided, then the appropriate original/initial category will be coded from the
listing given in "Other Current Emotions".
Of course, if a listing is one that does not fall within one of the original 6 emotions, but
falls ONLY within the coding definitions for the additional category columns listed
below, then it will be coded for that new column. The coding for these "Other Current
Emotions" columns will be "0" for "Not Stated" or "1" for "Stated". "Stated" will only
receive a coding of "1", regardless of how many listings in "Other Current Emotions"
apply to that column.
Rating Columns:
There will also be a column for intensity rating alongside each column listed below under
"New columns". The rating scale will go from 0 - 5. "0" = No rating or a rating of "0".
Ratings of 1 -5 range from "1" = "Very Little" to "5" = "Very High". If a participant rates
a listing with a number higher than 5, the coding will be "5". Ratings should be rounded
off to the nearest quarter-fraction (i.e. 3.25, 3.5, 3.75, 4, etc.).
Where multiple entries apply to the same column, the rating will be the AVERAGE of
the applicable ratings given. Of course, when only one entry applies to one category, the
single applicable rating for that entry is appropriate.
For the category "Other", the rating instructions remain the same as far as the main
coding grid. However, in the addendum, list each applicable entry separately, and then
rate separately each listing as it is stated in the survey, in the adjacent column provided in
the addendum worksheet.
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR COLUMNS
79
The following ORIGINAL emotions will not have columns within this section.
However, the coding definitions below are included to help assist in knowing if the
response applies as one of the original 6 emotions or as one of the inclusive synonyms. If
that were the case, simply check to make sure the original column was rated by the
participant. If yes, then do not code for the response and leave the initial rating as is. If
no, then record the rating from the new entry (or the average rating, if more than one new
entry applies to that category).
Not stated (When no response AT ALL is given)
Angry (Include: Mad, Vengeful, Livid, Annoyed, Bitter Outraged,
Vengeful, Hateful, Appalled, Disgusted, Irritable, Repulsion,
Aggression, Indignation)
Sad (Include: Dismayed, Upset, Mournful, Depressed, Awful, Hurt,
Terrible, Horrible, Regret, Despair, Heaviness, Loss, Heartache,
Disappointment, Crying, Weeping, Grim, Melancholy)
Fearful (Include: Scared, Terrified, Alarmed, Afraid, Frightened, Wary,
Apprehensive, Foreboding, Dread, Paranoid, Unsafe, Suspicious)
Confused (Include: Disoriented, Lost, Unstable, Unsure, Baffled, Didn't
understand, Perplexed, Puzzled, Bewildered, Ambiguousness,
Aimlessness, Conflicted, Indecisive, Flustered)
Frustrated (Include: Helpless, Aggravated, Impotent, Inadequate,
Uselessness, Worthlessness)
Shocked (Include: Stunned, Disbelieving, Astonished, Horrified,
Stupefied, Incredulous, Speechless, Astounded, Startled, Aghast,
Dumbstruck, Dumbfounded, Flabbergasted)
If a response is strongly associated with one of the coding selections, but not listed above,
you may code for that category (e.g. "Pissed off" would constitute "Angry"). However,
please ask if you have any doubt.
The following additional columns were established for this question:
Not Applicable
Anxious/Distressed
Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/Distraught
Physically Disturbed
Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity
Numb
Neutral
Surprised
Guilt/Shame/Ashamed/Embarrassment/Remorse
Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious
Proud/Patriotic (Admiration, Appreciation/Respect, in context w/civic responses)
Hopeful/Optimistic
Other (Enter response(s) in addendum. As in original coding, this applies to
listings that remain in the addendum. (They DO NOT APPLY to the
original 6 emotions OR to those above)
For "Other": Include, in parentheses, the total # of addendum entries for
this question, per participant, alongside each addendum entry.
SEE NEXT SIX PAGES FOR MORE COLUMNS, CODING, & DEFINITIONS
80
MORE SYNONYMS/CODING DEFINITIONS FOR OTHER EMOTIONS (Q48)
Special Note: When considering the appropriateness of a coding category, keep in mind the context in
which the response is written. For example, "hope we're not at war" might suggest
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" as the best coding, but it's more a reflection of a reservation about the future
rather than a sense of hopefulness or optimism.
"NOT STATED" applies to those participants who did not enter any response
"NOT APPLICABLE" incorporates entries that cannot be assigned an emotional state
(e.g. "I thought it was an accident", "Awareness")
"ANXIOUS/DISTRESSED" incorporates entries alluding to states of emotional unrest or
restlessness (e.g. Agitation, Tension, Stress, Nervousness, Jumpiness, Traumatized, Panicked,
Devastated, Overwhelmed, Uneasy, Troubled)
"WORRIED/CONCERNED/PREOCCUPIED/DISTRAUGHT"
"PHYSICALLY DISTURBED" incorporates entries alluding to manifestations of physical
symptoms (e.g. Sick, Nauseous, Weak, Exhausted, Pained, Nightmares, Distracted, Revulsion,
Shaken)
"SYMPATHY/EMPATHY/COMPASSION/PITY" (Understanding, Sorry for…)
"NUMB" constitutes its own category alluding to the more specific state of being emotionally
paralyzed, anesthetized, dazed, dulled, shut off, empty, without feeling, desensitized, alienated,
in Denial
"NEUTRAL" incorporates entries alluding to the lack or absence of emotional affect or
acknowledgment, excluding "numbness" (e.g. Calm, Detached, Indifferent, Bored, Resigned,
Not Surprised, Accepting)
"SURPRISED" will be its own category/column
"GUILT/ASHAMED/SHAME/EMBARRASSMENT/REMORSE"
"EXCITED/INTRIGUED/FASCINATED/CURIOUS" incorporates entries alluding to states of
interest, captivation, fascination, awe, stimulation, curiosity, wonder (e.g. Amazed, Spellbound,
Engrossed, Alert)
"PROUD/PATRIOTIC" (Admiration/Appreciation/Respect, when in context with issues relating
to civic responses - i.e. Firefighters, Government, New Yorkers, etc.)
"HOPEFUL/OPTIMISTIC" incorporates entries such as "Prayerful", "Faithful", "Confident",
"Reassured", "Trusting"
"OTHER" incorporates additional entries not qualifying as a new entry or other categories (e.g.
"Skeptical", "Doubtful", "Cynical", "Love", "Happy", "Relieved", "Grateful", "Thankful",
"Insecure", "Uncertain")
Entries of "Outraged", "Vengeful", "Hateful", "Appalled", "Disgusted", "Irritable", "Repulsion",
"Agression", "Indignation" become "Anger"
Entries of "Awful", "Hurt", "Terrible", "Horrible", "Regret", "Despair", "Heaviness", "Loss",
"Heartache", "Disappointment", "Crying", "Weeping", "Grim", "Melancholy" become "Sad"
Entries of "Afraid", "Frightened", "Apprehensive", "Foreboding", "Dread", "Paranoid", "Wary",
"Unsafe", "Suspicious", will be coded under "Fear"
Entries of "Baffled", "Didn't understand", "Perplexed", "Puzzled", "Bewildered", "Aimlessness",
"Ambiguousness", "Conflicted", "Indecisive", "Flustered" will be coded under "Confusion"
Entries of "Impotent", "Inadequate", "Uselessness", "Worthlessness" become "Frustrated"
Entries of "Stupefied", "Incredulous", "Speechless", "Astounded", "Startled", "Aghast"
"Dumbstruck", "Dumbfounded" "Flabbergasted" will be coded under "Shock"
81
Column 243
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Not Applicable)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries that cannot be assigned an emotional state
(e.g. "I thought it was an accident", "Awareness")
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 244
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Not Applicable) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 245
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Anxious/Distressed)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to states of emotional unrest or
restlessness (e.g. Agitation, Tension, Stress, Nervousness, Jumpiness,
Traumatized, Panicked, Devastated, Overwhelmed, Uneasy, Troubled)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 246
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Anxious/Distressed) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 247
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/Distraught)"
Coding: This column incorporates primarily those adjectives stated
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 248
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Worried/Concerned/Preoccupied/Distraught)
- Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
82
Column 249
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Physically Disturbed)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to manifestations of physical
symptoms (e.g. Sick, Nauseous, Weak, Exhausted, Pained, Nightmares,
Distractedness, Revulsion, Shaken)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 250
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Physically Disturbed) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 251
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity)"
Coding: This column alludes to adjectives stated, plus "Understanding", "Sorry for", etc.
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 252
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Sympathy/Empathy/Compassion/Pity)
- Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 253
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Numb)"
Coding: This column incorporates states of being emotionally paralyzed, anesthetized,
dazed, dulled, shut off, empty, without feeling. desensitized, alienated, in denial
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 254
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Numb) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
83
Column 255
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Neutral)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to the lack or absence of emotional
affect or acknowledgment, excluding "numbness"
(e.g. Calm, Detached, Indifferent, Bored, Not Surprised, Resigned, Accepting)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 256
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Neutral) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 257
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Surprised)"
Coding: This column incorporates this adjective specifically
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 258
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Surprised) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 259
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Guilt/Ashamed/Shame/Embarrassment/
Remorse)"
Coding: This column incorporates primarily those adjectives stated
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 260
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Guilt/Ashamed/Shame/Embarrassment/
Remorse) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
84
Column 261
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries alluding to states of interest, captivation, awe,
stimulation, curiosity, wonder (e.g. Amazed, Spellbound, Engrossed, Alert)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 262
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Excited/Intrigued/Fascinated/Curious)
- Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 263
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Proud/Patriotic)"
Coding: This column incorporates Admiration/Appreciation/Respect, in context with
issues relating to civic responses (i.e. Firefighters, Govt., New Yorkers, etc.)
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 264
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Proud/Patriotic) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
Column 265
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Hopeful/Optimistic)"
Coding: This column incorporates entries such as "Prayerful", "Faithful", "Confident",
"Reassured", "Trusting"
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
Column 266
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Hopeful/Optimistic) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies
85
Column 267
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Other)"
Coding: This column incorporates additional entries not qualifying as either a new entry
or as one of the six categories originally listed (e.g. "Skeptical", "Doubtful",
"Cynical", "Love", "Happy", "Relieved", "Grateful", "Thankful", "Insecure",
"Uncertain")
0 = Not Applicable for this column
1 = Applicable for this column
List each entry in the addendum separately and code each rating in the adjacent
addendum column.
Column 268
Heading: "Question #48 - Other Current Emotions (Other) - Rating"
Coding: 0 = No rating given or a rating of "0"
1 - 5 (From "Very Little" to "Very High")
Averaged ratings are given when more than one listing applies (this applies to the main
coding grid rating. For the addendum rating, see note above).
86
QUESTIONS #49 & #50 (For Brigham: Q43 & 44)
"Since the two weeks following 9/11, how closely have you followed the media coverage
about the attack?"
"Since the two weeks following 9/11, how much have you talked about the attack?"
Overview:
These two questions mirror Questions #20 & #21, except that, instead of pertaining to the
two weeks following the attack, they now pertain to the period within the last year.
Similarly to the prior questions (#20 and #21), they are very straightforward both in
targeting a specific response and in providing a coding system as part of the questions
themselves. The rating is on a scale of 1-5, “0” = No rating listed. Ratings may be
entered as fractional (e.g. "3.25", "3.5", "3.75", "4", etc.).
Column 269
Heading: “Question #49 – Media Attention (Since 9/11)”
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of attention (1 = Very Little and 5 = Very Much)
Column 270
Heading: “Question #50 – Ensuing Conversation (Since 9/11)”
Coding: 0 = Not stated (No rating given)
1–5 = Degree of conversation (1 = Very Little and 5 = Very Much)
NOTE: For Brigham: both these questions used a different timeframe (“In the last year…”).
As such, separate coding columns were created (Columns 300 and 301). Coding
schemes remain the same.
87
QUESTION #51 (For Brigham: Q45)
"At the present moment, what do you think is the likelihood of another terrorist attack in
the United States during the time periods listed below? Note that numbers on the
provided scales indicate the percentage chance that an attack is likely to take place.
Please circle your selected value for each item."
Overview:
This question mirrors that of Question #37, except that instead of targeting the recall as to
what the participant anticipated during the timeframe two weeks following the attack,
now the focus is on the participant's anticipation at the current time-period. Again, this is
a straightforward question in three parts, each part targeting a distinct timeframe: a) in the
next month b) in the next year, and c) in the next four years. The coding for each will be
the percentage number noted on the survey. Since “0” is part of the rating scale provided
in the survey, these three columns will use the coding "999" to denote “Not Stated”.
Notes: Unlike Question #37, since this question focuses on "current" feelings, there will
NOT be a corresponding confidence rating scale for each time category.
Column 271
Heading: “Question #51 – % of Another Attack within One Month – (Current)”
Coding: Enter percent stated on survey, from 0 – 100.
999 = Not stated (No rating given)
Column 272
Heading: “Question #51 – % of Another Attack within One Year – (Current)”
Coding: Enter percent stated on survey, from 0 – 100.
999 = Not stated (No rating given)
Column 273
Heading: “Question #51 – % of Another Attack within Seven Years – (Current)”
Coding: Enter percent stated on survey, from 0 – 100.
999 = Not stated (No rating given)
NOTE: For Brigham: the third column (Column 273) was worded in a different timeframe
(“Within 4 Years”). As such, a separate coding column was created (Column 302).
The coding scheme remains the same.
88
QUESTION #55 (For Brigham: Q49)
"AT THE PRESENT MOMENT, who did you think is responsible for the attack?"
Overview:
This question, mirroring Question #41 except for the pertaining timeframe, may similarly
include several answers. Each selection has its own column (Columns 274-299),
requiring only a “0” for “Not Stated/Not Applicable” or a “1” for “Stated/Applicable”,
regardless of how many entries apply to a column.
Notes: "Not Stated" will also have its own respective column. This denotes when the participant
entered no response at all. If applicable, a "1" would be entered into the appropriate
"cell" on the grid. All other columns in the question would then be coded as "0".
"Other" and "Other Group" have their own columns. If applicable, these columns would
be coded as "1" and the responses would be entered into the addendum, in the same
column. Remember to place, alongside each entry, the total # of addendum entries for
this question, per participant. Explanations as to the type of response that would apply to
these columns are included amongst the notations that follow:
U.S. GOVERNMENT: Includes references to America: U.S. Govt. agencies (e.g. FAA,
but not FBI/CIA), members of govt or administration (e.g. Bush) or entries alluding to
policies, American behavior, or America (in general)
OTHER GROUP: Used for person(s) or group(s) not already assigned a column
Includes references to American people (e.g. “Americans”)
Includes "Palestinians"
Includes references to "the hijackers"
OTHER: Used for ideas, attitudes, non-sequiturs, points-of-view on issues, etc.
(e.g. "hatred in the world", "capitalism", "justice should step in")
"PLO" &/or "HAMAS": Includes "Palestinian organizations"
"HEADS OF VARIOUS STATES/COUNTRIES": Includes individual OR multiple
leaders/states not assigned a column
UNSURE: Includes entries stating "unsure", "don't know", etc. as a sole response or as
a response distinct from any others
BIN LADEN-UNSURE: Any entries expressing uncertainty of Bin Laden's responsibility
Any entries expressing uncertainty for any already mentioned category except Bin Laden
will be coded under that category.
Muslim = Islamic
Mossad = Israel
As much as possible, the attempt is to try not to force responses to fit into the columns or
selections provided. The main objective is to capture the actual/literal response given and
enter as such. Following are four examples:
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR SOME CODING EXAMPLES
89
Example 1
"Capitalistic Greed and those concerned with oil profits."
This statement reflects both a thematic issue and a group not assigned a prior category.
Therefore, coding would go under both "Other" and "Other Group". As well, the entries
would be entered into the addendum.
Example 2
“Nineteen males”
In this response, the focus is on the hijackers; however, there is no specific reference to
their being from a particular country or of their ethnicity ("Arab Individuals” or “Non-
Arab Individuals”). Therefore, this response would go under “Other Group”, and the
response would be entered into the addendum.
Example 3
"I'm not sure, but probably Saudi Arabia and Libya"
Even though uncertainty is expressed for the involvement of these countries, coding may
still be entered to indicate their involvement. Since these countries do not have their own
columns, coding would go under "Heads of Various States/Countries".
Example 4
"I have, of course, heard how everyone is suspecting Osama bin Laden, but the evidence
is still not there."
Since Bin Laden-Unsure is a designated column, the response would be coded under that
category.
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR CODING SELECTIONS AND CODING SCHEME
90
Columns 274-299
Headings: "Question #55 - Responsible - Current (Various listings below)"
Not Stated (Enter a "1" IN THIS COLUMN if no response was given by the participant)
(Enter a "0" for all other columns)
Osama bin Laden
Al Queda
Taliban
Afghanistan
Iraq/Saddam Hussein
Iran
PLO/Arafat
Israel (Include: Mossad)
Hamas
Islamic Fundamentalists or Extremists/Jihad Movement/Mujahideen
Other Religious Fanatics
Terrorists - General
Domestic Terrorists
Middle Eastern Terrorists
Arab Individuals
Non-Arab Individuals
Heads of Various States/Countries
Foreign Intelligence
U.S. Government/U.S Policies/Behavior, & Agencies (not U.S. citizens or CIA/FBI)
CIA/FBI
Other (Enter "1", if applicable, and include response(s) in addendum)
Added coding: Bin Laden - Unsure
Added coding: Bin Laden Followers
Added coding: Other Group (Enter "1", if applicable, and include response(s) in addendum)
Added coding: Unsure
Coding: 0 = Not Stated/Not Applicable (No response given or none applicable to the column)
1 = Stated/Applicable (Regardless of how many entries apply to the column)
91
BRIGHAM Q#50 (Although a prior Q50 exists, this is labeled “Brigham Q50”)
“Now that we have finished asking about the September 11 attacks, the next few
questions deal with events that may have happened since then.
Has there been:
a) A major earthquake in the U.S.
b) Another plane crash in the U.S.
c) A major train crash in the U.S.
d) A plane crash in Europe
e) A nuclear attack on the U.S.
f) A biological attack in the U.S.
g) A chemical attack in the U.S.
h) U.S. bombing in Pakistan
i) U.S. bombing in Iran
j) U.s. bombing in Afghanistan
k) U.S. humanitarian drops in Pakistan
l) U.S. humanitarian drops in Afghanistan
m) Coalition forces take control of Afghan capital
n) Coalition forces lose control of Afghan capital
o) Pentagon confirms Osama bin Laden killed
p) Pentagon confirms Osama bin laden captured”
Overview:
Each above-listed entry has its own respective column (Columns 303-318).
Columns 303-318
Heading: “Brigham Q#50 – Other Prospective Events”
Coding: 0 = Not Stated/Don’t Know/Unsure
1 = Yes (Include: “Possible”, “Maybe”, etc., implying inclination towards positive reply)
2 = No
92
