Co-Benefits in Action: EPA’s Integrated Environmental Strategies (IES) Program
U.S.-Japan Workshop on Climate Actions and Co-benefits Katherine Sibold March 22-23, 2006
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
1
What is the IES Program?
• Initiated in 1998 as a capacity-enhancing program for developing countries • Identifies and analyzes integrated environmental strategies and co-benefits (i.e., greenhouse-gas and air-pollution mitigation) • Partners local teams in developing countries w ith experts and tools from EPA, IES projects in other countries, and other organizations (e.g., US AID, NREL)
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
2
1
What are integrated measures?
•Integrated measures that reduc e GHG emissions and improve local air quality
Integrated
Low-sulfur coal Smokestac k controls Catalytic converters Diesel particle traps Evaporati ve controls Clean fuels/renewables Energy efficiency programs Methane gas recovery Fuel switching Public transport and land use Retirement of older vehicles Efficiency standards for new vehicles/appliances Modal switch Geological and terrestrial sequestration Land use and land use change Control of other GHGs (N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6)
Global
Local
Integrated
Adapted from Jaso n West et al (2002) L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
3
How does IES work?
Energy Energy Emissions Emissions Modeling Modeling A ir A ir Qualit y Qualit y Modeling Modeling Healt h Healt h Ef ffects Ef ects Modeling Modeling Economic Economic Valuat ion Valuat ion Modeling Modeling Inf orm Inf orm Policy Policy OUTPUTS OUTPUTS Project ed Project ed A nnual A nnual Emissions Emissions Project ed Project ed A mbient A mbient Concent rat ion Concent rat ion Project ed Project ed Public Healt h Public Healt h Impact s Impact s Project ed Project ed Economic Economic B enef its B enef its
TOOLS TOOLS
• IES is characterized by:
– – – – Flexibility Stakeholder involvement Rigorous analysis and quantification of benefits Informing the policy making process
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
4
2
IES Supports U.S. Climate Policies
"This new results-oriented partnership will allow our, nations to develop and accelerate deployment of cleaner, more efficient energy technologies to meet national pollution reduction, energy security, and climate change concerns in w ays that reduce poverty and promote economic development.” President Bush on the Asia-Pacific Partnership, July 27, 2005
• Recognition of developing countries’ competing policy priorities. • Placement of climate change w ithin a broader sustainable development context. • Emphasis on co-benefits of actions to address GHG emissions advances broader U.S. goals.
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
5
IES Partners
• Argentina • Brazil • Chile • China
• India • Mexico • Philippines • Republic of Korea
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
6
3
Co-benefits: Why They Matter
• Basic definition: All of the positive outcomes associated with multiple, simultaneous emissions reductions.
– Of interest - outcomes resulting from reduced emissions of GHGs and local conventional air pollutants (e.g., PM10, SOx, NOx).
•
• • •
From a decision making perspective, co-benefits analysis allows energy options, health impacts, and GHG emissions to be linked together and evaluated. Co-benefits analysis enables sound policy making to be based on quantitative analysis. It helps prioritize options in an environment where resources are limited. Supports mitigation analysis to inform environmental programming and decision making.
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
7
IES Goals
• Id en ti fy str ategi es th at r edu ce GHG emi ssio n s and i mpr o ve lo cal air q u ali ty wh il e meeti ng p ub li c h eal th , econ o mi c d evelo p men t o b j ecti ves. Pr o vid e stakeh ol d er s wi th qu an ti tati ve esti mates o f gl ob al an d lo cal co -b en efi ts o f p ol i ci es an d techn ol og i es. En g ag e stakeho ld er s to l ay gr ou nd wor k fo r i mp l emen tatio n o f co steffecti ve air q u al i ty man ag emen t str ateg i es. B u il d an al yti cal , in sti tu tio n al , and h u man cap aci ty for mu l tid i sci pl in ar y an al ysi s o f GHG mi ti g ati on , h eal th, an d en vi ro n men tal i mp acts o f al tern ati ve str ateg i es. Tr an sfer to ol s an d metho do lo gi es fo r co -b en efi ts an al ysi s.
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
•
•
•
•
8
4
Results – Represent ative Exampl es
• Beijing team used IES framework to evaluate measures considered for 2008 Olympics. • China using IES to evaluate Total Emissions Control policies. • S. Korea established GHG Task Force as direct result of IES work. • ADB/CAI-Asia moved from strictly AQ/transportation orientation to one that features climate change and co-benefits– reaching much larger audience. • Chile – Results put into Decontamination Plan for Santiago; provided impetus to seek GEF funding.
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
9
Beijing, China – Case Study
• Integrated Measures
– Developed from Beijing Olympic Air Quality Action Plan. – Include changing coal boilers to natural gas, improving residential lighting and A/C practices, LPG in taxis, expanding public transportation development and vehicular emission standards.
• Co-Benefits Analysis
– Compared business as u sual scenario against scenarios with measures. Projected out 30 years. – Models used:
• LEAP 2000 (energy ), ISC (air pollution) , APHEBA (health benef its)
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
10
5
Beijing - Case Study
PM10 Reductions
100 90 80
B enefits of C C E B enefits of I T S B enefits of E P E B enefits of G E R
Thous and Tons
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1999 2005 2010 2020 2030
BU A CC E CC E +IST CC E +IST+E P E CC E +IST+E P R E +G E
CO2 reductions
M ill ion T on -C
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 19 99 20 05 2 01 0 2 020 2 03 0
BAU CEC CEC+ IS T
B en ef its of CEC B en ef its of IS T B en ef its of EE P
CEC+ IS T+ EE P
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
11
Beijing Conclusions
Aggr essive ener gy policies can br ing both local and global envir onmental benefits, as well as significant health benefits. In 2030 alone, active policies can mitigate: – 10.5 Million Tons Car bon – 25.9 million tons of coal equivalent – 185 kt SO2, 415 kt NOx, 56 kt PM10 – 781 deaths and pr ovide: – $7.97 billion in health benefits.
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
12
6
IES Tools Used to Enhance Cap acit y
www.epa.gov/ies
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
13
Conclusions
• Co-benefits analysis provides policymakers w ith information critical to environmental and energy management. • The IES framew ork enables countries to classify and quantify the potential suite of benefits in a credible w ay. • Governments are able to incorporate “GHG thinking” into their consideration of specific policy options. • Energy efficiency measures can cost-effectively boost the environmental and economic bottom line. • There is room to expand co-benefits beyond health and air quality for IES program -- agriculture, energy security, water.
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
14
7
Next Steps
• Workshop w ith S. Korean MOE and KEI • Development of IES training module • Exploration of other opportunities to expand cobenefit analysis
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
15
Thank you!
For More Information on IES Katherine Sibold Program Manager US EPA 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW (6207J) Washington, DC 20460 Phone:+202-343-9280 Email: sibold.kather ine@epa.gov Website: www.epa.gov/ies
L o cal acti o n s, g l o b al so l u ti o n s
16
8