Cell Parts

							           Cells


Coppell Middle School East
8th Science/Pre-AP Science
Plant Cell   Animal Cell
• Word Bank
  –   Cell membrane
  –   Cell wall
  –   Chloroplasts
  –   DNA (genetic material)
  –   Mitochondria
  –   Nucleus
  –   Vacuole
  –   Cytoplasm
  –   Square shape
  –   Round shape
          Structure and Function
• Most objects in our world can be broken
  up into many smaller pieces.
  – Your school building is divided into the
    classrooms and other rooms. Each room is
    put together with certain types of building
    materials.
  – The walls give the rooms and building its
    shape.
  – Electrical outlets provide electricity for light,
    air conditioning/heat, PowerPoint
    presentations.
               Cell Theory
• All living things are
  composed of cells.
• Cells are the basic
  unit of structure
  and function in
  living things.
• All cells are
  produced from
  other cells.
Plant Cell   Cells   Animal Cell
                    Nucleus
• The nucleus directs         Nucleus

  most all of the
  activities in the cell.
• The nucleus contains
  the genetic material
  which determines the
  traits of the organism.
                              Nucleus
• Human cells contain
  23 pairs of
  chromosomes for a
  total of 46
Chromosomes
      • Chromosomes are
        organized structures
        of DNA
        (deoxyribonucleic
        acid) and proteins
        that are found in the
        nucleus.
      • Chromosomes carry
        the genetic material
        (DNA) that gives an
        organism its traits.
                   Cytoplasm
• The cytoplasm of a
  cell is the liquid part in
  which the other              Cytoplasm
  organelles float.




                                           Cytoplasm
                         Vacuoles
• Vacuoles store food,
                                   Vacuole
  water, wastes and other
  materials in many animal
  cells.
• In plant cells, the vacuole
  has the same function as Vacuole
  in plant cell, except that it
  also helps maintain water
  pressure in the plant.
   – Water pressure in plant
     vacuoles help plants to
     stand tall.
             Cell Membrane
• The cell membrane is
  the outer boundary of
  the cell.
• The cell membrane
  controls what items
  can enter or leave the
  cell.


                           Cell
                           Membrane
                                      Cell Membrane
                Mitochondria
• Mitochondria are
  power producers of
  the cell.
• Respiration- they take




                                     Mitochondria
  glucose and turn it
  into energy for the cell
  to use.
                      Mitochondria
               Ribosomes                  Ribosomes
                             Nucleolus

• Ribosomes are tiny                   Ribosomes
  objects in the
  cytoplasm that make
  protein.

• Ribosomes are made
  in the nucleolus.


                           Nucleolus
 Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.)
                             E.R.
• The endoplasmic
  reticulum is a
  pathway for proteins
  and other materials               E.R.
  through the cell.

  – There is a rough and a
    smooth endoplasmic
    reticulum.
                 Lysosomes
• Lysosomes digest       Lysosomes

  waste materials
  produced by the cells.
• Lysosomes are also
  responsible for
  recycling worn out cell
  parts.


                                     Lysosomes
                Golgi Bodies
• Golgi Bodies package
  items sent to it by the
  endoplasmic                   Golgi Body
                             Golgi Body
  reticulum so that they
  can be delivered to
  other parts of the cell.
• Once the items are
  packaged by the
  Golgi body, the
  “package” is pinched
  off.
• Chloroplasts collect   Chloroplast
  energy from the sun
  and use for
  photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis-
  conversion of carbon
  dioxide (CO2) and
  water (H2O) into a
  sugar.
                                   Chloroplasts
  – Only in Plants and
    some algae.
                Cell Wall
• The cell wall gives
  the cell membrane
  added support.
• The cell walls give
  plant cells support
  to help plants
  stand tall.
                        Cell Wall
• Only in Plants
   Cell Part   Function   Area of   Explanation
                          school
Nucleus
Cell
membrane
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Vacuoles
Cytoplasm