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Spatial Data Infrastructures (Madrid)
(3 October 2006)
INSPIRE
INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe
http://www.ec-gis.org/inspire/
http://www.eurosion.org/index.html
Joep Crompvoets (Centre Geo-Information)
Objectives
Intrduv
Introduction Spatial Data Infrastructure
EUROSION (Motivatie European Geo-Information
Infrastructure)
INSPIRE
Components of Spatial Data Infrastructures
GII
Access Network
People Policy Data
(& services)
Standards
EUROSION :
Motivation for an European SDI
and the role of spatial data within SDI
Project funded by the
European Commission
OBJECTIVE
“To provide the European Commission with a
package of recommendations on policy
and management measures to address
coastal erosion in the EU.
These recommendations should be based on a
thorough assessment of the state of
coastline and of the response options
available at each level of administration.”
Assessment of European coastline
Example of Ajaccio Bay
Highly vulnerable areas (hotspot)
Moderately vulnerable areas
Lowly vulnerable areas
From Data to Information
Vulnerable areas and
Monitoring indicators
Analysis
In terms of
Lives at risk
Economy at risk
Nature at risk
Hydrodynamics and sea profiles
LandErosioneconomical level rise
SedimentInfrastructure changes
Social Laws patternsLC areas
Nationally designated rivers
Administrativedecrees
coverBathymetry
and(LC) and (CCEr)
Hydrography
discharges from
Elevation
and boundaries
INFORMATION PROBLEMS
A large variety of formats exist
Many geographical gaps still remain
Reference systems are not harmonized
Many data sources are not consistent
Scales are not compatible
All data are not interoperable
Costs and access restrictions
Issue No. 1 - A large variety of formats exists
- Satellite images
- Maps
- Aerial photographs
- Diagrams
- Statistics
- Reports
- Databases
- Etc.
Integration of various formats
is time consuming and uncertain
Issue No. 2 – Many geographical gaps still remain
Geological data at scale 1:50,000
(source: BRGM, France)
Need to identify the gaps and make
priorities to bridge them
Issue No. 3 - Reference systems are not harmonized
Reference system 1 : ETRS89
Reference system 2 : Clarke 80
Need to define a common
terrestrial reference system for
data production and processing
Issue No. 4 – Many data sources are not consistent
-5m Need to build pan-european
“seamless” data with standard
- 10 m specifications
- 25 m
5m
Sources 1:
- 20 m
15 m
Coastline : SABE (EuroGeographics)
Bathymetry : TCIFMS (SHOM)
Topography : BDTOPO (IGN)
5m
-5m 10 m
- 15 m
- 25 m
15 m
- 10 m Sources 2:
Coastline : SABE (EuroGeographics)
10 m
Bathymetry : GEBCO (BODC)
Topography : MONA PRO
-5m 15 m
15 m
5m
10 m
Issue No. 5 - Scales are not compatible
1:100,000 (source: SABE)
1:250,000 (source: WVS)
Need to adopt a common level of
perception and representation of
data
Issue No. 6 – All the data are not interoperable
CORINE Land Cover 1990
SABE Coastline
0 m < Difference < 50 m
50 m < Difference < 200 m
Difference > 200 m
Issue No. 7 – Costs and access restrictions (1/2)
Most existing datasets are “copyrighted”: you do not
buy information itself, but a right to use it (“license”)
The more users will handle the data, the more
expensive the license
Dissemination of end-products is restricted
(sometimes, end-products have to be “degraded”)
Quality “label” are not commonly adopted : uncertainty
about the products licensed
Issue No. 7 – Costs and access restrictions (2/3)
EUROSION database = 2 Millions Euros
28% acquisition of licensed data (e.g. Elevation)
17% update of existing data (e.g. Coastal Erosion)
33% production of missing data (e.g. Hydrodynamics)
24% Format conversion, integration, and quality
control
CONCLUSIONS
The absence of a European spatial data infrastructure
results in:
Higher investment costs (2 to 3 times)
Delayed implementation (8 to 10 months)
Uncertain quality
dissemination constraints
INSPIRE
INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe
Main objective INSPIRE
To deliver useful,
standardised and high
quality data in order to
formulate, implement,
monitor and evaluate
European, National and
Local Policy.
Differences between Height
Reference Levels
Start-up phase
End 2001: Launch INSPIRE
Action within 6th Environmental Action
Program (6EAP)
-> Better Policy/Realisation Environment
-> INSPIRE Legal framework for EU SDI
2001 – 2004: Preparation of INSPIRE
(Coordination EC Brussels, supported by
JRC, EUROSTAT + working groups)
23 July 2004: Acceptance of the INSPIRE-proposal by the
European Commission
A major Milestone for European SDI!!
Phase 1:
COGI INSPIRE Expert Group Environmental
Chair: ESTAT Chair : DG ENV & ESTAT
Sector
Technical Co-ordination & Secretariat
JRC Ispra - Institute for Environment and Sustainability ….. marine
biodiversity noise
Common Reference
soils forest
Data & Metadata Environmental air water
Chair : ESTAT Inter-sectoral
thematic
co-ordination Environmental
Chair: ESTAT
co-ordination
Architecture Chair: EEA
components
& Standards
Chair : JRC Ispra
Legal Aspects Agricultural
& Data Policy thematic
Agricultural
Chair : UK co-ordination
components
Chair:
Funding &
Implementation Transport
structures thematic
Chair : SE Transport
co-ordination components
Chair:
Impact
Analysis
Chair : NL Other
thematic
Other
Horizontal co-ordination
Chair: components
Components
INSPIRE Further phases: other themes
Impact of INSPIRE Framework
• Positive impact on the demand and supply of spatial
datasets and services
• Positive impact on decision-making
• Positive impact on cost savings
• Positive impacts to streamline environmental policy-
making
• Positive impact on human resources
• Positive impact on professional education (GIS, data
visualization, navigation and positioning,
• Positive impact on the social cohesion
• Negative impact on current spatial data price policy at
national level
• Negative impact on public sector investment at national
level
The proposal
• General starting points,
objectives and development
processes for European SDI
• Based on national SDIs
• Focus on selected group of spatial data
(Annex I, II en III data/ integration-ambition and time)
• Main action points:
1. Organise metadata
2. Standardise spatial data
3. Develop network services
4. Rules for data transfer and re-use
Annex I Annex III
1. Coordinate Systems 1. Statistical units
2. Buildings
2. Geographical gridsystems 3. Soil
3. Geographical names 4. Geology
4. Administrative units 5. Land Use
5. Transport networks 6. Health and Security
6. Hydrography 7. Environmental/Conservation
7. Protection zones facilities
8. Production/industrial facilities
Annex II 9. Facilities for agriculture and aquaculture
1. Elevation 10. Demography
2. Ownership registrations 11. Land management in
3. Cadastral parcels areas with limitations
4. Soil Cover 12. Areas with environmental risks
5. Ortho-images 13. Atmospheric conditions
14. Meteorological geographical characteristics
15. Oceanographic geographical characteristics
16. Sea areas
17. Bio-geographical areas
18. Habitats en biotopes
19. Dissemination of species
Division of spatial data (Annex I, II and III)
1.Organise meta-information
• Member states: Description and management Meta-data
• Annex I and II -> 2010; Annex III -> 2012
• Starting point ISO-standard for metadata (ISO19115)
2. Standardise spatial data
• formulate specifications
• Establishment of common system for unambiguous
identification of objects, relations between objects, time
and multilingual thesauri
• Annex I -> 2009, Annex II and III -> 2013
3. Develop network services
• Related to metadata and spatial data
• Examples of potential services: Upload, Search,
View, Download and Analyse services
• Member states: Central role to supply these services
• Member States: Opportunity to limit access to public
4. Rules for data transfer and
re-use
• Likely to be most politically difficult action
-> establishment of rules
• Establishment of Directives and common license
conditions
Users
• Governments and Administrations
(EU, National, Regional, Local)
• Utility and Public Services
(Transport, Health, Emergency services, Utilities)
• Research and development Organisations
(Universities, Public and Private Institutes)
• Commercial and Professional End Users
(Tourism, Value Added Resellers, Surveyors)
• Non-governmental Organizations
• General Public
INSPIRE future (1/2)
Establishment of EU-directive (similar as EU-habitat
directive and EU-framework directive Water)
Three stages:
1) Preparation stage (2005 – 2006)
- Activities mainly political/content focussed
- NL (VROM): Place on the agenda and support
activities (e.g. Nat. Congress GII)
- Adaptations to proposal
- Establishment of (implementation) directives
- Establishment of profiles for metadata
- Extend European Geo-Portal
- Test technological concepts
Proposal change to INSPIRE-decision
->submission to EU-Parliament and Council
INSPIRE future (2/2)
2) Transposition stage (2007-2008)
Establishment INSPIRE-commission -> control organ
(consisted of representatives of member states)
Member states: Change directive in own law and rules
3) Implementation stage (2009-2013)
Implementation of directive(s)
Periodical reporting about progress
