NETWORK ROUTER
What is a Network Router?
Network Router is a Gateway device.
Router is the device which shows route and forward data packets between
different networks.
A router forwards packets from one IP network to another IP network
Router uses the routing table to forward the data packets from one network to
other networks.
Uses of Network Router:
Network routers used for connecting between
1.LAN to LAN
2.WAN to WAN
3.LAN to Internet
4.LAN to WAN
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Types of Network Routers:
Routing process can be done by using Software Router and Hardware Router
Software Router : Configuring Windows 2003 / Windows 2008 / Linux O.S by adding
multiple network interfaces(cards).But software router is not reliable and do not high
availability because it depend upon a software called O.S . An O.S may be corrupted
by some many reasons
Hardware Router: A special hardware device used for routing process is called as
“Hardware Router”. Hardware Router uses mini O.S called generally called as an
“IOS”.
Hardware Routers developed by some many hardware vendors.
1. Cisco
2. Net gear
3. D-Link
Types of Hardware Routers
Edge Router - A router that connects clients to the Internet
Core Routers - A router that serves specifically to transmit data between other
routers, for instance, inside the network of an Internet service provider.
One-Armed Router - Normally used to connect at least two networks
Wireless Broadband Router – A router that connects LAN , Wireless LAN
(WLAN) to Internet
How to configure Windows 2003 O.S as a Network Router?
Requirements for configuring Windows 2003 O.S as a Network Router:
PC(SYS1) with Windows 2003 O.S
PC (SYS1)with two network interfaces (LAN Cards)
Steps for configuring Windows 2003 O.S as a Network Router:
Step1 : Install Windows 2003 O.S on “SYS1”
Step2: Install two LAN cards.
Step3 : Configure IP address “10.0.0.1 / 255.0.0.0 “ to LAN card1
Step4: Configure IP address “172.16.0.1 / 255.255.0.0” to LAN card2.
Step5 : Configure as “Router” by using “Routing and Remote Access” tool
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Configuring IP address settings to setup Router:
From “SYS1” (Server):
Login as “Administrator”
Right click on “ My Network Places” icon –Click on “Properties”
Right click on “Local Area Connection1”
Click on “Properties”
Select “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)” - click on “Properties”
Type IP address settings for LAN Card1 as (10.0.0.1)
Type IP address settings for LAN card2 as (172.16.0.1)
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Configuring and Enabling “Routing and Remote Access” for NAT server
From “SYS1” (Server):
Login as “Administrator”
Click on “Start – Programs – Administrative Tools – click on “Routing and
Remote Access” tool
Right click on “SYS1” – click on “Configure and Enable Routing and Remote
Access” - Click on “Next”
Select the radio button “Custom Configuration” – Click on “Next”
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Click on check box “LAN Routing” – Click on “Next” - Click on “Finish”
C1 and C2 (Client computer) IP address configuration:
To get communication between C1 and C2, you have to configure IP address and
Default Gateway - From “C1” (10.0.0.X Network):
Login as “Administrator”
Right click on “ My Network Places” icon –Click on “Properties”
Right click on “Local Area Connection” -Click on “Properties”
Select “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)” - click on “Properties”
Type IP address as (10.0.0.2 /255.0.0.0) and type - Default Gateway : 10.0.0.1
It is the Router IP address
From “C2” (172.16.0.X Network):
Login as “Administrator”
Right click on “ My Network Places” icon –Click on “Properties”
Right click on “Local Area Connection” -Click on “Properties”
Select “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)” - click on “Properties”
Type IP address as (172.16.0.2 /255.255.0.0) and type
Default Gateway : 172.16.0.1 (It is the Router IP address)
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From “C1” computer:
Click on “Start – Run – Type “CMD” – click on “OK”
From “C2” computer:
Click on “Start – Run – Type “CMD” – click on “OK”
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