Anatomy

							        Anatomy

         Movements
Quiz at the end for those who
        need to take it
          Types of Actions
•   Flexion         •   Opposition
•   Extension       •   Elevation
•   Abduction       •   Depression
•   Adduction       •   Lateral bending
•   Pronation       •   Rotation
•   Supination      •   Inversion
•   Circumduction   •   Eversion
•   Protraction     •   Hyperextension
•   Retraction
       Directional Terms continued

• Internal (central)
   – Toward or in interior   • External (peripheral)
• Ipsilateral                  – Toward or on exterior
   – On same side of body • Contralateral
                            – On opposite side of body
Basic Joint
 Actions

• Flexion
  – Making a
    decrease in
    angle

• Extension
  – Making an
    increase in
    angle
            Basic Joint Actions

• Abduction (ABD)
  – Moving away from
    midline of the body
  – To “take away”

• Adduction (ADD)
  – Moving towards the    Shoulder     Hip
    midline of body
  – To “add”


                                     Finger
          Basic Joint Actions

• Supination
  – Rotating hand/forearm
    laterally
  – “hold the soup”

• Pronation
  – Rotating hand/forearm
    medially
  – “pour the soup”
          Basic Joint Actions

• Plantarflexion
  – Point toes/foot
    downward
  – “stand on tip toes”

• Dorsiflexion
  – Point toes/foot upward
  – “foot off the gas
    pedal”
         Basic Joint Actions

• Inversion
  – Movement of sole of
    foot inward

• Eversion
  – Movement of sole of
    foot outward
            Basic Joint Actions
• Medial (Internal)
  Rotation
  – Anterior surface moves
    toward midline

• Lateral (External)
  Rotation
  – Anterior surface moves
    away from midline
          Basic Joint Actions

• Protraction
  – Moving forward on
    plane parallel to
    ground
  – “punch”

• Retraction
  – Moving backward on
    plane parallel to
    ground
  – “start lawn mower”
          Basic Joint Actions

• Upward Rotation
  – Inferior angle
• Downward Rotation

• Elevation
  – To move upwards
• Depression
  – To move downwards
             Basic Joint Actions

• Radial Deviation (ABD)
  – Move wrist outwards or
    away from midline of
    body
  – Deviate towards radius

• Ulnar Deviation (ADD)
  – Move wrist inwards or
    towards the midline of
    body                     Ulna   Radius
  – Deviate towards ulna
              Basic Joint Actions

• Circumduction
  – Latin meaning
    “around”
  – Combination of
    flexion/extension and
    abduction/adduction
• Movements are in Sagittal Plane
  – Flexion
  – Extension
  – Hyperextension
  – Plantarflexion
  – Dorsiflexion
• Movements are in Frontal Plane
  –   Abduction
  –   Adduction
  –   Ulnar deviation
  –   Radial deviation
  –   Inversion
  –   Eversion
  –   Upward rotation
  –   Downward rotation
  –   Lateral flexion
• Movements are in Transverse Plane
  –   Internal rotation
  –   External rotation
  –   Pronation
  –   Supination
  –   Horizontal abduction
  –   Horizontal adduction
  –   Trunk Rotation