http://mypulmonologist.com/an-introduction-to-the-extensively-drug-resistant-tuberculosis-xdr-tb/
An Introduction to the extensively drug-Resistant
Tuberculosis (XDR-TB)
Tuberculosis is an important public health problem in this world. In 1992, the World Health Organization
(WHO) has declared TB a Global Emergency. The estimated global TB cases in 2009 were:
- Incidence of cases: 9.4 million (8.9 - 9.9 million)
- Prevalence of cases: 14 million (12-16 million)
- Cases of death (HIV negative): 1.3 million (1.2 to 1.5 million)
- Cases of death (HIV positive): 0.38 million (0.32 to 0.45 million)
With the increasing number of cases of HIV, the HIV and TB is a deadly combination. HIV weakens a
person's immune system; this will encourage the occurrence of resistance.
Many factors can lead to extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis as the number of health centers
that are less, the less skilled medical personnel, delay in detection of tuberculosis and also the
increasing co-infected with HIV. Patients with XDR-TB will have a poor prognosis; have a greater chance
of another infection and limited treatment options that can be given.
Although XDR-TB strains have been known for some twenty years ago, but the publications that discuss
these things only existed in March 2006. Between 2000 and 2004, XDR-TB was found in 17 countries. Of
the 17 690 TB culture at that time, 20% were MDR-TB and 2% were XDR-TB. Recent data released by the
WHO stated that the current XDR-TB has spread to 45 countries. Countries with XDR-TB patients
currently come from most countries of the Soviet Union and African countries.
In 1993 to 2006 in the United States was reported in 49 peoples with XDR-TB, commonly derived from
the areas with the largest population of TB patients and also from the blood-regions with the most
immigrants, such as New York and California.
Although our current knowledge about the existence and dangers of XDR-TB increased, but data is
available about this disease is not a lot. This is because there are still many countries that do not have
the means and facilities both in the detection of XDR-TB.
http://mypulmonologist.com/an-introduction-to-the-extensively-drug-resistant-tuberculosis-xdr-tb/