Speech
1.0 Introduction
Speaking is a skill that is very important in our lives. It is not only needed in our daily lives, but
it is also very important in all professional and social activities. Speaking is a vehicle used for the
acquisition of knowledge, information, and ideas. By speaking, we too can change the thoughts
of others (Abdul Mua'ti Ahmad, 2003). If students can equip themselves with speaking skills, as
well as in knowledge engineering skills, the students actually prepare them for the book a
success. The value of speaking skills have been recognized since the 26th century interest in the
past. At that time the ancient universities emphasize the importance of these skills. This is
because the ancient master-master of the fact that by having the skill of speaking in public,
success in any field can be obtained.
Presentation skills and public speaking is an important skill for everyone. However, for some
people, speaking in public can be a nightmare. However, make speech or oral presentation is not
too difficult to do as we usually think. Individuals can acquire skills through two main steps.
First, the preparation and training.
Public speaking is one aspect of the communication system is very important in our society
today. This is because public speaking involves two-way communication that can determine
whether the information communicated by a person acting as a presenter will be understood by
the listener. In the same context, this scholarly work will discuss the importance of public
speaking with emphasis on the characteristics of effective public speaking, especially when one
is speaking in front of the audience. It is very important for effective speech would have been
key elements in determining the direction and success of an influence on the audience to hear
(Mua'ti Abdul Ahmad, 2003).
2.0 Effective Public Speaking
Effective speaking means speech that is understood and the people who heard the speech made,
accept or agree with the assumptions, opinions or ideas submitted by the party making the
speech. In the context of public speaking, effective speech delivery is intended to fill the listener
and thus affect the listener will act in accordance with the recommendations made by the party
who delivered the speech.
According Ainon Mohamad (2001), a message or notification relating to a matter will be more
easily understood if the message has a specific skill to communicate it. This means that the
people who heard a speech is not only concerned with the contents of the speeches, but more
than the ability and skills of the person who delivered the speech. The speech delivered by
language that is not interesting, boring or drag-series will certainly fail to attract listeners to
continue listening to speech (Evans, DW, 1986).
However, if a speech that enthusiastically disampaiakn and, aided by other elements such as
personality who spoke, her voice clarity perucap, attractive style and many other positive
aspects, then of course the audience will pay attention and then listen to the speech until the end.
We often talk about the good and relevant communications will be able to affect the mind and
action or behavior of a person. Most of us assume that the speech was a speech of everyday life,
no matter whether it is a formal speech or normal speech.
Speaking is actually a form of verbal communication and non-verbal. Oral communication
involves speech or conversation and writing that aims to deliver a message from one party to
another. Next, the person receiving the message will be processing the received message. Non-
verbal communication is communication that involves hand-movement behavior of an individual
who is shown as posture, hand and head gestures, mimic the face including the eyes, nose and
lips. For example, shook his head to mean do not want or do not agree but if nodding their heads
as a sign of agreement.
2.0 The steps to produce effective public speaking
Techniques and strategies for effective public speaking or when delivering speeches critical
known or practiced in the communication process. It is very important because the ability to
deliver talks, lectures, briefings and any activity that requires a high speech skill. In fact,
standing in front of the audience to speak is not a simple matter for the various reactions are
shown as feeling palpitations, trembling and afraid. The problem became more critical when the
audience reacted when delivery is boring halt, stuck or lost when his ideas do.
However, in an effort to produce effective public speaking we should pay attention to some of
the basics in communication skills, able to speeches made a deep impression to the audience or
the audience is listening.
3.1 Be familiar with the area or place of speech
Among the most important thing is perucap must come early to the place or location of a speech
or lecture in order to make athletes appear not to panic. If you can, try hovering in the area to
become familiar with the climate talks. This aspect is very important because confidence will be
built when the speech is made because we were considered 'control' arrived early stage when
compared with khlayak. In addition, early arrivals are also able to get rid of nervousness or
desperate when speaking. Begin with a clear and strong tone and convincing. By this we know
the intonation and volume that we throw.
A. Identify the audience.
Start with greetings and remarks were inserted with appropriate humor. Establishes
communication with the audience with the interaction points. Starting in the middle of the
audience and then at the right corner and left as well as smiles.
Two. Relax.
Audiences love the lecture presentation informative, interesting, entertaining and something new
and unique. Audiences do not want to see the speaker nervous or shaky when playing. To avoid
stress, do not have to memorize the entire text content. Be sure to also do not speak like a bullet
spread. Haru atmosphere so blue and the audience can not understand the lecture because
perucap want to immediately spend the talks. Tone of voice is necessary to ensure a variety and
not too flat.
Three. Understand the issues to be recited.
Always focus on the issue to be discussed. Do not say things lightly and not let the issue be
discussed. Failure to state the title and objectives of the audience makes the mind drift and
uncertainty. Are encouraged to obtain data, statistics, information and examples to be seen to
dominate the field perucap diceramahkan.
4. Collect experience.
Perucap have dared to try to talk. Capture knowledge and learn the techniques presented in the
next lecture organized by various parties. Then be brave to talk meberikan ..
According to most opinions, the delivery of a good speech or lecture depends on three main
areas:
i. Who will deliver?
ii. How information is communicated?
iii. What is communicated?
If examined, the factors that deliver the most top is usually placed on the list. Why? Normally,
when informed that there will be a talk at your place, what would the first thing you ask? The
question must be "Who the speakers?" The identity of the speaker's identity is very important for
the attractiveness of the organizers to attract more viewers.
Although there are only a well-known speakers and other speakers are regular speakers who have
not known, attractiveness and reputation of the main speakers just now able to attract viewers.
The same situation occurs in the organization of a concert. When concert tickets go on sale,
organizers will put the name of the most famous singer at the top to attract fans. Organisers will
also make a variety of tricks to make sure the audience did not leave the concert early to put their
favorite singer at the end of the concert. As evidence of the singer to appear, they may be
showing it at the beginning of the plan with the promise that he will reappear at its ending. With
this, the fans are not likely to budge.
Such is the importance of attractiveness in a good presenter. All this is a reputation built since
the early involvement in this area and polished by experience.
The second factor is the way information is communicated. Two different people may present a
talk by using the same speech, but its effect on viewers is certainly different. For the same topic
and verse, in fact, may be served with various swing language, voice emphasis on certain words
and body movements that accompany the presentation. This situation happens to a lot of guides
for each destination, they have a script to talk about the background of the tourist places visited.
How information is communicated? Vigorously, half-hearted or casual?
Method of service is very important because this can cause a different mood to the tourists. A
visit to the National Monument, for example, can be a common experience or can be an exciting
and touching. On a visit to the National Monument, there are two groups from two different
travel agencies. For the first group, these guides provide information to tourists about the
National Monument, the National Monument was built, symbolically and history that led to its
construction.
The service is very casual way that gave the impression that the National Monument is just one
of many other monuments in Malaysia who do not have privileges. Not a single tourist who want
to know about the monument further.
In contrast, the second group. Guides commenced the introduction of the National Monument as
a memorial, which has significant meaning to the country. Delivery means very little
melancholic touch your heart and the visitors also appreciate the sacrifices of Malay soldiers who
fought it out in the years before independence. They also touched by the spirit of love of country
is shown by the soldiers who died in safeguarding national sovereignty.
The example above is a perfect example to distinguish two different delivery using the same
information. All facts provided by the tour guides for the second group was called by a tourist for
the first group. The difference is how the delivery, tone of voice and the emotion shown.
Most people probably thought the speech content is the most important factor in ensuring a
successful delivery. No doubt its importance, but as has been said, two individuals may convey
the same text but different form of service has put a speech at a level better than the other.
A good presentation attracted an audience to continue listening to the incessant and this helps to
ensure the message reaches the audience. However, what is meant by 'service' or 'delivery'? Does
the delivery of a move from one hand to another? When you buy a car, car dealers will come to
you and give the car keys with the sale. You receive all this and buying and selling process ends
there. Are easier with the presentation of the information?
It is therefore important for each speaker to learn how to attract an audience, not talking half-
hearted and more systematic in the presentation.
A. Start with something that attracted an audience
Even if you are not ready in terms of text, you can still deliver a good message if knowledgeable
in the topic. However, at the beginning of the speech, given the introduction should be very
interesting to chart a positive image of yourself.
For example, even if someone is not ready because he has no experience, he is still able to 'talk'
experiences have been experienced by him or his friends. Can also start his speech with a
statement of interest, such as, "Two weeks ago I was approached by my good friend, who is also
a novelist. He has written a story about love young people. He comes with a solemn face." or
may start with a question, "How many people here who read the newspaper today?". or "How
many here who love to read novels?"
Notwithstanding any of the techniques used, make sure the technique is able to attract the
audience to continue listening.
Two. Make sure you are full of energy delivery
As was suggested earlier, the variation is very important voice. Make sure that your voice slow
speed when said something that was quite dramatic and make sure you imagine the excitement
when telling a happy thing. Do not forget to stop when necessary. Non-stop talking like an
express train will not help you deliver the message.
Do not just stand behind ROSTRUM stiff but walking forward when you want to impress the
audience and give a description to mimic the movement of the hand and in your face. Make sure
that each movement has a purpose. Do not be walked back and forth without direction because
sooner or later the audience will get bored. Sarina may have made mistakes because he does not
move and do not try to win the hearts of the audience. He drowned in their own problems, which
is an internal conflict itself.
Before making a speech, make sure you get enough rest for several hours before the scheduled
time. Adequate mental and physical rest is very important to avoid feeling nervous. You also
need to give attention to your stomach. Most of the speakers only a light meal just before his
speech. Never overeat because when the stomach is too full, you would have to stand up to
speak, blood flow will be directed to the abdomen. As a result, blood flow to the brain is reduced
and this makes you tired and can not think properly.
Therefore, avoid eating a lot. After delivering a speech, you can connect back to eat the food
served.
Three. Make sure your address systematic
You do not need brains to find ideas from which to make a presentation. Suffice it to two or three
good ideas. Arrange the following according to the importance of ideas and provide supporting
facts as examples, definitions, testimonials or statistics.
Visual aids can also be included as appropriate attraction. For Sarina, he just need to deliver
three things, namely:
A. Who's selling novel so far - the explanation can be supported with novel sales statistics
available from the publisher.
Two. Problems faced by the novelist - the novel is not honored because there are no factors of
quality, poor marketing strategies, lack of promotion and so on. For additional, Sarina can share
the book publishers to make promotion and marketing.
Three. The way to solve this problem - one of the recommendations can Sarina is
denganmenyarankan highlighted that the government is controlling the dumping of poor quality
novel, increase creativity that is capable of producing novel writer in accordance with the public,
research on the taste of buyers and others.
Although Sarina never experienced it, he should be knowledgeable about current market
conditions is slow and linking knowledge and experience.
4. Include words that show sequence
Words such as "First," "Second," or "Finally," may be an indication that the systematic to the
audience about the structure of your speech. This can help them to follow the course of your
speech.
The words are also capable of distinguishing the identity, content, and closing your speech as a
whole. With this, your speech will become more systematic and objective viewers can
understand speech delivered with ease.
Five. Tell us about your experience
This technique is effective when you make a presentation, especially in technical fields.
Typically, technical not so easy to understand, except for all those who have a person working or
studying in this field. For ease of understanding, you can describe your own experience with
simple language.
Based on experiences, you can connect listeners emotionally with the fact that you describe.
Only personal experience can achieve such impact. When you talk, you must follow the
chronology of events to include information such as the people involved, things happen, time,
cause and place. If you use these guidelines, your story will lack the facts needed for
understanding.
As an added uniqueness of your presentation, you can use visual aids such as short video, flip
charts and so forth. Before that, make sure you watch the first visual to sit in the stands and at the
back. Make sure the audience who sat at the back can see the visual.
Create a visual introduction to the visual and explain why it selected. Do not let the visual
become silent demonstration. You should provide guidance at every stage. Do not stop talking at
all. You should be looking at the audience, not visual. When the visual is not used, turn off or
hide from the sight of the audience for the visual can interfere with their concentration on you.
If you deliver a speech to persuade an audience to do something, in addition to the experience of
your own experience, enter the testimonials from experts who are respected and known by all
and everyone to prove that you are serious.
You can also enter a valid statistical data. For example, if you want to prove that the hearing is
important to increase the quality of service to our customers, you can present the state statistical
efficiency of human hearing is just as much as 25% even though we spend more than half the
time we communicate with the hearing.
To whom you speak. You must get information in advance so that you know what you will say.
Investigate some of the information such as how many people will listen, the average age,
gender, background, and education. Also estimate what their expectations of you will talk to say.
Then, set the goal of the speech. At the end of the speech, what do you want to achieve? How to
make it more meaningful?
Two. What you will be speaking ... sketch. It is a concept and the main frame to be delivered.
Sketches not to write verbose. Enough in the form of a mind map some simple words to describe
what is in your head. Next, list the contents of the key is to be served. Sort by kronolfi, suitability
and compatibility. Write in a simple and easy to read, especially when you are speaking. Ideally,
you typed and printed on small cards are easy to hold.
Three. Use simple language. Do not be too bombastic in the production of words. The objective
of public speaking is to make sure the audience understands the message you want to get across.
So do not confuse your audience.
4. Practice Make Perfect. This practice is done by so many great figures of the world. There is
plenty of room for you to do so. You can practice in front of friends and ask their opinion. If you
feel embarrassed or shy, you can do in front of a mirror, and see the performance himself.
Another way is to use the voice recorder or video recorder recorder.
Five. Use positive body language. Stand firm, and height. Expand the chest get a positive
posture. Avoid sit back, groped into his pocket, hands on her hips or hands of any inappropriate
behavior. You also need to know how to use hand movements that match what you are saying.
Put your hands in sight when 'not used'.
6. Insert a 'special' as a charm. It is a way to 'grab' the attention of the audience to listen to your
speech. It may be in the form of pronouncement of verses of al-Qur;'s, poem, book excerpts, the
words figures, puzzles, short stories, humor, gimmicks and the like. If you know how to use this
tactic, you will not 'lose' your audience. Or maybe you will become known for your trademark to
show something 'special' is.
7. Eye contact and appropriate facial mimic. Maintain eye contact with the audience. Match the
face to mimic the content of your speech. In public speaking, your voice is your face is an audio
and visual. If your face looks stiff and cold, I'm sure the audience will feel bored. At that time,
you will see audiences flock to 'malarikan away' from you.
Eight. Cover that the memory of the audience. Try to leave your audience in a state they will
remember you. Conclude your talk when others are fun to hear. You can use the technique of
'something special' as in the opening above. Never has repeatedly said, "... ah, I do not think
there is nothing like spoken ..." but continued to mention some key points. That is called closing
dull. If you keep doing so, the listener will queasy and tired of you. What a loss if you are
separated in a boring, right? Additional seasoning Try to find and get the holy places or not
people were present. For example, when you're driving alone. Practice like you're in a real
situation. Records, and also listen carefully and try to improve any identified weaknesses
pasti.Pencuci mouth "Always assume that at the end of your speech, there are 5000 people stood
up and applauded for the idea and talk." (Thomas Hegarty)