REPORTED SPEECH
(DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH)
DIRECT
INDIRECT SPEECH
1. STATEMENT
Direct
(Simple Present Tense)
The teacher said ” I believe you”
V1
Indirect
(Simple Past Tense) V2
The teacher said (that) he believed me
1. The teacher asked “Close the window”
The teacher asked me to close the window
2. The teacher asked “Stand up”
The teacher asked the boy to stand up.
Simple
1. Yes/No Question Past
Tense
John asked “Did you come last night ?”
John asked me if I had come the previous night
Past Perfect
Tense
2. WH Question
John asked ” Why are you so upset?”
John asked why I was so upset.
Changes in Tenses
Simple Present Tense Simple Past Tense
Present Continuous T. Past Continuous Tense
Simple Past Tense Past Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Tense Past Perfect Tense
Simple Future Tense Past Future Tense
Past Continuous Tense Past Perfect Continuous.
1.SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
S + V1(s/es) + O/C
2. SIMPLE PAST TENSE
S + V2 + O/C
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOS (TO BE + V-
(AKAN) (TELAH) ing)
PRESEN
will/sahall have/has is, am, are + V-ing
T
PAST would/should had was, were + V-ing
V1 V3
Today on that day
Tomorrow the next day
Yesterday the previous day, the day before.
Next week the following week, the next week
Last week the previous week, the week before
Now then
Here there, at that place
This that