UNESCO REACHING OUT
FOR PONDOK PESANTREN
Achjar Riadi
SWITCH-in-Asia REGIONAL PARTNERSHIP WORKSHOP
JAKARTA, DECEMBER 8, 2009
INTRODUCTION
INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT HAS BEEN TRYING HARD TO
SOLVE URBAN WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
PROBLEMS, YET THE RESULTS ARE STILL FRUSTRATING.
WATER SUPPLY IS STILL UNRELIABLE. THE
DISTRIBUTION IS MEAGRE AND WITH LOW QUALITY. THE
MAJORITY OF THE POPULATION RELIES ON WELLS
WHICH OFTENLY POLLUTED BY INDUSTRIAL
DISCHARGED WATER, FLOOD WATER, E-CHOLI ,
OTHER UNWANTED MICROSCOPIC CREATURES, AND
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS. THE HUGE AMOUNT OF
WATER TAKEN OUT FROM ACQUIFER HAS RESULTED IN
DEEPER WATER LEVELS, CONTINUING LAND
SUBSIDENCE AND SALINE WATER INTRUSION IN
COASTAL CITIES WHICH IS CORROSIVE TO STEEL USED
IN FOUNDATIONS.
INTRODUCTION
SANITATION PROBLEMS INCLUDE CROWDED
COMPOUNDS WHICH ARE DIFFICULT FOR
PLUMBING AND ITS MAINTENANCE; CLOSE
LOCATIONS BETWEEN SEPTIC TANKS OR PIT
LATRINE AND WELLS CAUSING UNHEALTHY
DRINKING WATER; RIVER BANKS SETTLEMENTS
WHICH DISCHARGE HUMAN WASTES DIRECTLY
TO RIVERS CAUSING UNHEALTHY RIVER AND
POLLUTING ADJACENT WELLS; SOLID WASTES
THROWN DIRECTLY TO RIVERS CAUSING
FLOODS; UNWISE USES OF TREATED AND PIPED
WATER DEPLETING FINANCIAL CAPACITY OF
WATER SUPPLY COMPANIES, ETC.
INTRODUCTION
DUE TO UNKNOWN REASONS PESANTREN
SCHOOLS HAVE BEEN MARGINALIZED. WHILE
ISLAM STRESSES ON HOLISTIC AND
COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH ON
DEVELOPMENT, INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT HAS
PUT PESANTREN SCHOOLS UNDER THE
MINISTRY OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS INSTEAD OF
THE MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION. THIS
RESULTS IN DICHOTOMIZING SECULAR AND
RELIGIOUS SUBSTANCES. THUS, ISLAMIC
TEACHINGS ARE CURTAILED IN THESE
PESANTREN SCHOOLS, RESULTING IN LIMITED
ROLES OF THEIR ALUMNI IN DEVELOPMENTS.
PROBLEMS STATEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN INDONESIA HAVE BEEN
DEPLETED CONSIDERABLY;
ISLAMIC TEACHINGS ON ENVIRONMENTS ARE NUMEROUS
BUT NOT YET IMPLEMENTED BY ITS ADHERENTS
INDONESIA IS THE LARGEST COUNTRY IN MOSLEM
POPULATION, BUT MOSTLY IGNORANCE TOWARDS
ISLAMIC TEACHINGS ON ENVIRONMENTAL CARES
EVEN THOUGH ISLAM ENCOURAGES THE INTEGRATION OF
THE SACRED / RELIGIOUS WITH THE PROFANE /
SECULAR, BUT THE MAJORITY HAS SEPARATED THE
TWO SPHERES OF LIVES, INCLUDING THE SCIENCE OF
WATER AND SANITATION
OBJECTIVE
THIS PRESENTATION IS TRYING TO PROPOSE TO FIND AN
INDIRECT SOLUTION TO URBAN WATER SUPPLY AND
SANITATION PROBLEMS THROUGH EMPOWERING
PESANTREN SCHOOLS WITH A CURRICULUM MODULE
ON PROPER DISCOURSE AND PRACTICAL KNOW-HOW
ON THE LINKAGE BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS
AND URBAN WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
PROBLEMS, AND ACTIONS WHICH MAY BE TAKEN BY
INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES TO BE DISSEMINATED
IN FRIDAY SERMONS, SUNDAY SCHOOLS AND FGDs
AS PART OF NONFORMAL EDUCATION IN RAISING
AWARENESS. THIS MAY ALSO DIVERT AWAY SOME
INCLINATIONS TOWARD WRONG IMPLEMENTATION OF
JIHAD RESULTING IN TERRORISM. IN FRACTAL SCIENCE,
THIS MAY FUNCTION AS A STRANGE ATRRACTOR IN
PESANTREN CURRICULA.
THE IDEA
ENVIRONMENT Depleted, Effecting Urban Water
CONDITIONS Supply & Sanitation
RESPONSE Should Be Changed
POTENTIALS 1. 200 Millions Moslems
2. 15,000 Pesantren Schools
3. 6 Million Santri Students
4. Environmentalist Islam
MODALITY Pesantren as Agent of Change
OUTPUT Curriculum Module
OUTCOME Dissemination
IMPACT Awareness /Readiness to Action
ISLAMIC TEACHINGS
MAN IS THE REPRESENTATIVE OF ALLAH ON EARTH
RECITING IN THE NAME OF ALLAH IN EVERY DEEDS
EVERYONE IS A LEADER & SHOULD BE RESPONSIBLE
ALLAH AUTHORIZES MANKIND FOR THEIR OWN DESTINY
ALLAH IS BEAUTIFUL & LOVES BEAUTY
PLAN YOUR FUTURE
STRONG FAITH MAY MOVE MOUNTAINS
ALLAH CREATES EVERYTHING USEFULL
THE POORS ARE THE BACKBONE OF DEVELOPMENTS
LOVE & CARE FOR THE LESS FORTUNATES
BE ACTIVE & CREATIVE, OR ELSE SLEEP
COMPETE FOR THE BETTER
PLANTING IS EQUAL PARADISE
HONEY IS HEALTHY
SAVE & CONSERVE WATER
OVERSPENDING IS SATANIC
CLEANLINESS IS PART OF THE FAITH
DO NOT USE WATER BODIES AS TOILETS
PLANTING EVEN ONE MINUTE BEFORE DOOMSDAY WILL BE REWARDED
DO NOT DESTROY ENVIRONMENTS
HEDONISM WILL LEAD TO DESTRUCTION FROM UNEXPECTED SOURCES
THOSE WHO CARES WILL BE INHERITED
INDONESIAN MOSLEMS
Indonesian Moslem population = 200 million
Pondok Pesantren: 15,000 Schools
Santris: 6 million students
Proportion ulemas / population:
Assume 1% of 10 years become ulemas
0.01 x 10 x 6 million = 600,000 ulemas
About 3 ulemas for 1,000 people.
If 10% of Moslem population are good adherents
1 ulemas / 35 people.
HOLISTIC ISLAM
• Due to the separation of body and soul, flesh and spirit--in philosophy and
epistemology forged by Modernism-- many Moslems follow this stream
unconsciously;
• While many scientists say that science and religion are separate entities,
Islam says that science and religion should be integrated (kaaffah), since
objects of science are God’s own creation.
• Islam encourages the union of politics, science and religion (Mehdi Ha’iri Yazdi)
• “…the differentiation between the secular social sphere and a sphere of
religion is not quite shared by the Islamic world” (Wilfred Cantwell Smith)
• It is just illogical if God’s claims are faulty, since He created things with His
ultimate truth. He created the ontology of science. It is mankind who needs
to discover it for his own sake.
CURRICULUM MODULE
Nature as Divine Text
Mankind as Allah’s representative
Fair competition on leaderships
Mankind Responsibility
On the Destiny of Mankind and Nature
Planning in Islam
General Ecology
GAIA Hypothesis and Islam
Climate and Climate Change
Mankind as Destructors
On Forest Conservation
On Water Resources and Management
On Sanitation
Population Explosion
On Waste and Waste Management
Curing Adverse Effects
SYLLABI
NATURE AS DIVINE TEXT
The existence of Allah and the creation of nature as
Divine Text which gives news/signs of the existence of
Allah, as complementary to written scripture.
MANKIND AS ALLAH’S REPRESENTATIVE
Teleological nature of creation and the need of Allah’s
representative on earth to ascertain proper handlings
of management of the earth.
SYLLABI
FAIR COMPETITION ON LEADERSHIP
Mankind as caretaker of the earth is not the sole right
of the Moslem. Hegemony will be given to nations who
won fair leadership competition.
MANKIND RESPONSIBILITY
Mankind is responsible to take care of the earth to
happy life on earth by balancing destructions and
constructions, and happy life in the here after without
having to endure hell fire.
SYLLABI
ON THE DESTINY OF MANKIND AND NATURE
Mankind is subject to choose his own destiny. Nature
as part of his responsibility will be bound to his
destiny.
PLANNING IN ISLAM
Allah’s encouragement to do planning as far as
without loosing perspective that everything depends
on Allah’s will. Man proposes, God disposes.
SYLLABI
GENERAL ECOLOGY
Principles of the working of the earth and the universe
relating to the well being of mankind.
GAIA HYPOTHESIS AND ISLAM
Self regulating principles of nature. As mankind
originated from the earth, when mankind manages
nature, it is managing itself under the principles given
by Allah.
SYLLABI
CLIMATE CHANGE
Climate as a system is prone towards changes in
response to whatever introduced to it. The con-
sequences of global warming & the melting poles as
the results of hedonic lives and therefore the remedy
should start from the willingness to switch lifestyles.
MANKIND AS DESTRUCTORS
Allah’s warning dealing with adverse effects of
developments if not in line with His principles. The role
of careful research and developments.
SYLLABI
ON FOREST CONSERVATION
Forest as a complicated and fragile system which
supports life on earth, including its ability to preserve
water, oxygen, bio-diversity etc., and the need to
conserve it.
ON WATER RESOURCES & MANAGEMENT
Hydrological system and the dependency of mankind
on preserving and conserving water and basic
concepts of its management. It includes the switch to
the SRI in agriculture.
SYLLABI
ON SANITATION
Basic concepts of sanitation, its technology and
engineering in simple language, the do’s and
don’ts.
POPULATION EXPLOSION
Natural increase, baby boomers, baby busters,
family planning & contraception, and the effects of
population explosion on environments.
SYLLABI
ON WASTE AND WASTE MANAGEMENT
The production of wastes, categories of wastes, the
use of variety of wastes,hazardous wastes, and their
management which includes 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse,
Recycle).
CURING ADVERSE EFFECTS
Engineering and technology of curing adverse effects
of developments. These are in relationship with forest,
water, industries, the earth, agriculture, biotechnology,
public health, and sustainable developments.
PARTNERS / STAKEHOLDERS
MAIN:
Ministry of Religious Affairs
FOR FOLLOW UPS AND PROJECTS:
Ministry of Forestry
Ministry of Public Works
Ministry of Health
Ministry of Industry
Ministry of Agriculture
Ministry of Domestic Affairs
State Ministry of Environment
PHILOSOPHY
TRANSFORMING & DIVERTING JIHAD
BEWARE OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS
DESTRUCTIVE WATER
DEFORESTATION & REMEDY
Terracing and Reforestation
DEVELOPMENTS FROM WATER SAVING SRI
PERSUATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
TRAINING
ANIMAL FOOD
INCENTIVES
TERRACING / BIOPORES / WELLS FOREST PROD. BIOGAS
COMPOST
REFORESTATION LIVELIHOOD ALTERNATIVES ANIMAL BREEDING
WATER SPRING IRRIGATION WATER SAVING SRI AGRICULTURE
INDUSTRY &
FISHERY HOUSEHOLD
UPSTREAM RIVERS MARKET
HANDICRAFTS
ENCENG GONDOK
UPLAND RIVER (WATER HYACINTH) DUCK BREEDING
DEBRIS BIOGAS
DAMS/LONG
RECYCLING, BIOGAS & COMPOSTING
CLEANUP
RESERVOIR HYDROPOWER POWER
LOWLAND RIVER CLEAN UP FILTERING / ECO-TECH HEALTHY RIVER EVENT DEVEL
BIOPORES,
TEMPORARY RELOCATION CONSTRUCTION JOBS
RECHARGE WELLS, RECREATION
DRAINAGE MNGMENT
EVICTION LAND HOUSING DEVELOPMENT TENURE, MARKETING, OCCUPATION
SHARING
ECO-TECH / WATER TREATMENT WATER SUPPLY
PROMOTION
DEFORESTATION & REFORESTATION
ECO-TECHNOLOGY
ABSORBTION MECHANISM
FILTRATION & ABSORBTION FILTRATION BY DENITRIFI- EFFECTIVE CONTACTS WITH
BY ROOTS CATION & ABSORBTION PLANT PARTS
ISLAMIC TEACHING
DO NOT USE WATER BODIES AS TOILETS
BEWARE OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS
WATER SCARCITY & POLLUTION
WHERE SHOULD WATER GO?