From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Foundations of Geopolitics
Foundations of Geopolitics
The Foundations of Geopolitics: The Geopolitical Future of • Germany should be offered the de facto political
Russia dominance over most Protestant and Catholic states
located within Central and Eastern Europe.
Author(s) Alexander Dugin
Kaliningrad oblast could be given back to Germany.
Original Основы геополитики (геополитическое The book uses the term a "Moscow-Berlin axis".[1]
title будущее России) / Osnovy geopolitiki: • France should be encouraged to form a "Franco-
Geopoliticheskoe budushchee Rossii
German bloc" with Germany. Both countries have a
Country Russia "firm anti-Atlanticist tradition".[1]
• United Kingdom should be cut off from Europe.[1]
Language Russian
• Finland should be absorbed into Russia. Southern
Publication 1997 Finland will be combined with the Republic of
date Karelia and northern Finland will be "donated to
Murmansk Oblast".[1]
The Foundations of Geopolitics: The Geopolitical Future • Estonia should be given to Germany’s sphere of
of Russia is a geopolitical book by Alexander Dugin. The influence.[1]
book has had a large influence within the Russian mili- • Latvia and Lithuania should be given a "special
tary, police, and statist foreign policy elites[1] and is used status" in the Eurasian-Russian sphere.[1]
as a textbook in the General Staff Academy of Russian • Poland should be granted a "special status" in the
military.[1][1] Eurasian sphere.[1]
• Romania, Macedonia, "Serbian Bosnia" and Greece -
Use "orthodox collectivist East" - will unite with the
"Moscow the Third Rome" and reject the "rational-
The book was co-authored by General Nikolai Klokotov individualistic West".[1]
of the General Staff Academy.[1] Colonel General Leonid • Ukraine should be annexed by Russia because
Ivashov, head of the International Department of the "Ukraine as an independent state with certain
Russian Ministry of Defence, apparently advised in the territorial ambitions represents an enormous danger
project.[1] Klotov stated that in the future the book would for all of Eurasia and, without resolving the
"serve as a mighty ideological foundation for preparing a Ukrainian problem, it is in general senseless to speak
new military command." about continental politics". Ukraine should not be
Dugin has asserted that the book has been adopted as allowed to remain independent, unless it is sanitary
a textbook in many Russian educational institutions. [1] cordon, which would be inadmissible.[1]
In the Middle East and Central Asia:
Content • The book stresses the "continental Russian-Islamic
alliance" which lies "at the foundation of anti-
The book declares that "the battle for the world rule of
Atlanticist strategy". The alliance is based on the
[ethnic] Russians" has not ended and Russia remains "the
"traditional character of Russian and Islamic
staging area of a new anti-bourgeois, anti-American rev-
civilization".
olution." The Eurasian Empire will be constructed "on
• Iran is a key ally. The book uses the term "Moscow-
the fundamental principle of the common enemy: the re-
Tehran axis".[1]
jection of Atlanticism, strategic control of the USA, and
• Armenia has a special role and will serve as a
the refusal to allow liberal values to dominate us."[1]
"strategic base" and it is necessary to create a "the
Military operations play relatively little role. The
[subsidiary] axis Moscow-Erevan-Teheran".
textbook believes in a sophisticated program of subver-
Armenians "are an Aryan people ... [like] the Iranians
sion, destabilization, and disinformation spearheaded by
and the Kurds".[1]
the Russian special services. The operations should be
• Azerbaijan could be "split up" or given to Iran.[1]
assisted by a tough, hard-headed utilization of Russia’s
• Georgia should be dismembered. Abkhazia and
gas, oil, and natural resources to bully and pressure other
"United Ossetia" (which includes Georgia’s South
countries.[1] The book states that "the maximum task [of
Ossetia) will be incorporated into Russia. Georgia’s
the future] is the ’Finlandization’ of all of Europe".[1]
independent policies are unacceptable.[1]
In Europe:
1
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Foundations of Geopolitics
• Russia needs to create "geopolitical shocks" within disorder into internal American activity,
Turkey. These can be achieved by employing Kurds, encouraging all kinds of separatism and ethnic,
Armenians and other minorities.[1] social and racial conflicts, actively supporting all
• The book regards Caucasus as a Russian territory, dissident movements – extremist, racist, and
including "the eastern and northern shores of the sectarian groups, thus destabilizing internal political
Caspian (the territories of Kazakhstan and processes in the U.S. It would also make sense
Turkmenistan)" and Central Asia (mentioning simultaneously to support isolationist tendencies in
Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kirghistan and American politics."[1]
Tajikistan).[1] The Eurasian Project could be expanded to South and
In Asia: Central America.[1]
• Russia should contain People’s Republic of China,
which represents a danger to Russia. Russia should
offer China help "in a southern direction – Indochina
Reviews
(except Vietnam), the Philippines, Indonesia, Hoover Institution senior fellow John B. Dunlop states
Australia".[1] that "the impact of this intended “Eurasianist” textbook
• Russia should manipulate Japanese politics by on key Russian elites testifies to the worrisome rise of
offering the Kuriles to Japan and provoking anti- fascist ideas and sentiments during the late Yeltsin and
Americanism.[1] the Putin period."[2]
• Mongolia should be absorbed into Eurasia-Russia.[1]
The book emphasizes that Russia must spread Anti-
Americanism everywhere: "the main ‘scapegoat’ will be
References
precisely the U.S." [1] ^ John B. Dunlop. "Review: Aleksandr Dugin’s
In the United States: Foundations of Geopolitics".
• Russia should use its special forces within the http://www.princeton.edu/~lisd/publications/
borders of the United States to fuel instability and wp_russiaseries_dunlop.pdf.
separatism. For instance, provoke "Afro-American [2] Russia’s New—and Frightening—“Ism”
racists". Russia should "introduce geopolitical
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