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Weekly Eleven

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Weekly Eleven
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aom udprsm;vnf; MuHKawGUae& taemufEkdifiHrsm;twGuf pkd;&drfrI

tvkyform;a&;&maumifpDuqdkonf/ xdktxJrS 200000 cefYonf twGuf &nf&G,fjcif;&Sd? r&Sd oGm; aMumif; wD[D&ef\pGyfpJGcsuf ukd onf/ EsLodyÜHynm&SifvkyfMuHcH& jrifhwufapcJhonf/

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AD,uferfwdkYrSjzpfonf/ Ref: AFP



tD*spfor®wa[mif;rlbm&uf MuufiSufwkyfauG;a&m*gaMumifh AD,uferftrsKd;om;wpfOD;ESih f ua
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ol trsKd;om;rSmawmifydkif;rJacgif taeudk pHkprf;&ef usef;rma&; urÇmhusef;rma&;tzGJU(WHO) u uarÇm'D;,m;EdkifiHwGifrl 17 OD;

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regional NEWS 18

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international News 19

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MDY Page 35





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37 commodities prices

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Page 42



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