Directory Mappings AIX HP-UX SOLARIS Tru64 FreeBSD LINUX(RedHat)
Root filesystem / {/dev/hd4} / {/dev/vg00/lvol1} / {/dev/vx/dsk/rootvol} / {/dev/rz0a} / {/dev/ad0s1a} / {/dev/sda1}
/export/home
Home Directory /home {/dev/hd1} /home {/dev/vg00/lvol4}
/dev/vx/dsk/home}
/tmp
/tmp {/dev/hd3} /tmp {/dev/vg00/lvol6}
/dev/vx/dsk/swapvol}
/usr {/dev/hd2} /usr {/dev/vg00/lvol7} /usr /usr {/dev/rz0g} /usr {/dev/ad0s1f}
/var {/dev/hd9var} /var {/dev/vg00/lvol8} /var /var {/dev/ad0s1e}
Sample configuration files - /usr/newconfig
User Accounts AIX HP-UX Solaris Tru64 FreeBSD LINUX(RedHat)
/etc/passwd /etc/passwd /etc/passwd /etc/passwd /etc/passwd
Password files /etc/passwd
/etc/security/passwd /tcb/files/auth/r/root /etc/shadow /etc/master.passwd /etc/shadow
/etc/group /etc/group
Groups file /etc/group /etc/group /etc/group /etc/group
/etc/security/group /etc/logingroup
Maximum # of user ID 4294967295 2147483647 2147483647 65535 65535 65535
/etc/security/user /etc/securetty /etc/default/login /etc/securettys /etc/ttys /etc/securetty
Allow/Deny remote login {CONSOLE=/dev/consol
{rlogin=true} {console} {ttyp1} {secure} {ttyp1}
e}
User nobody's id # 4294967294 -2 60001 & 65534(nobody4) 65534 65534 99
Group nobody's id # 4294967294 -2(nogroup) 60002 & 65534(nogroup) 65534 65534 99
press the HALT Button or
boot from CD/Tape >boot boot cdrom -s ok boot -s {lilo}
(Control-P)
Installation/Maintenance Interact with IPL ? Y mkdir /tmp/a >>>boot -fl s passwd root control-x
mount /dev/c0t0d0s0
Start Limited Shell ISL>hpux -iS lsmbstartup linux S
/tmp/a
getrootfs hdisk0 passwd root vi /tmp/a/etc/shadow /sbin/bcheckrc passwd root
vi /etc/security/passwd passwd root
Recover root password {grub}
c
kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-
13 single
ro root=/dev/hda8
initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img
boot
passwd root
Create new user mkuser useradd useradd useradd adduser useradd
Delete user rmuser userdel userdel userdel rmuser userdel
List users lsuser -f ALL logins logins
Modify user account chuser -a usermod usermod usermod usermod
General Commands AIX HP-UX Solaris Tru64 FreeBSD LINUX(RedHat)
Unique host ID hostid uname -i hostid hostid hostid
Administrator smit sam admintool linuxconf
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top top
Performance monitor top top top top
monitor glance
System activity reporter sar sar sar /usr/opt/svr4/bin/sar sa sar {sysstat}
Virtual Memory statistics vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat
I/O statistics iostat iostat iostat iostat iostat iostat {sysstat}
alog -o -t boot
Error logs dmesg dmesg uerf -R -o full dmesg dmesg
errpt
Physical RAM 1TB 4TB 16TB 4TB 64 GB {>2.3.24}
Shared Memory 2.75GB 8TB sysctl kernel.shmmax
Process Data Space 2GB 4GB 900 MB
Swap device /dev/hd6 /dev/vg00/lvol2 /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol /dev/rz0b /dev/ad0s1b /dev/sda2
Swap file type /etc/swapspaces swap swap raw swap partition type 82
Display swap size lsps -a swapinfo -a swap -l swapon -s swapinfo free
Activate Swap swapon -a swapon -a swap -a swapon -a swapon -a swapon -a
Printers AIX HP-UX Solaris Tru64 FreeBSD LINUX
Printer Queues /etc/qconfig /etc/lp/interface/* /etc/lp/interfaces/* /usr/spool/lpd /var/spool/print /var/spool/lpd/lp/*
Stop LP stopsrc -s lpd lpshut /usr/lib/lp/lpshut /sbin/init.d/lpd stop /etc/init.d/lpd stop
Start LP startsrc -s lpd lpsched /usr/lib/lp/lpsched /sbin/init.d/lpd start lpd /etc/init.d/lpd start
enq lp lp
lp lpr lpr
Submit print jobs lp lp lpr
lpr
qprt
enq -A
lpq
LP statistics lpstat lpstat lpstat lpq lpq
lpstat
qchk
cancel cancel cancel cancel
lprm lprm lprm lprm
Remove print jobs cancel lprm
qcan
enq -x
Add printer queue smit mkpq lpadmin -p pq lpadmin -p pq lprsetup printtool
Remove Printer queue smit rmpq lpadmin -x pq lpadmin -x pq lprsetup
Make default printer export LPDEST="pq" lpadmin -d pq lpadmin -d pq export PRINTER="lp"
TCP/IP AIX HP-UX Solaris Tru64 LINUX(RedHat)
/etc/hostname.*
/etc/sysconfig/network-
Network IP configuration lsattr -E -l inet0 /etc/rc.config.d/netconf /etc/inet/* /etc/rc.config /etc/rc.conf
scripts/
/etc/defaultrouter
Hosts IP addresses /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/inet/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/hosts
Name service switch /etc/netsvc.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/svc.conf /etc/host.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf
Network parameters no -a ndd -h ndd /dev/[tcp|ip] ? sysctl sysctl -a | grep net
Routing daemon gated gated in.routed routed routed routed
NIC Configurations ifconfig -a lanscan -v ifconfig -a ifconfig -a ifconfig -a ifconfig -a
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modprobe ip_alias
Secondary IP Address ifconfig en0 alias IP ifconfig lan0:1 IP ifconfig hme0:1 IP up ifconfig ln0 alias ifconfig xl0 alias IP
ifconfig eth0:1 IP
HERALD @ BANNER @
Login prompt telnetd -b /etc/issue /etc/issue /etc/issue
/etc/security/login.cfg /etc/default/telnetd
odmget -q "attribute=num and
rebuild your kernel with these new
uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" PdAt | sed {/etc/system} cd /dev cd /dev
values NPTY=#
"s/0-64/0-512/" |
odmchange -q "attribute=num and
NSTRPY=# set pt_cnt = # {SYSV} ./MAKEDEV PTY_1 ./MAKEDEV -v pty
uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" -o PdAt
set npty = # {BSD}
Increase the # of pseudo-terminals
chdev -l pty0 -anum=256 -P reboot
reboot {/etc/iu.ap}
insf -d ptys -n # ptsl 0 # ldterm ttcompat
insf -d ptym -n #
insf -d pts -s # -e -v halt
boot -r
176 {BSD}
Maximum # of ptys 512 {MAXUSERS} 8192 256
3000 {SYSV}
remsh
Remote Shell remsh rsh rsh rsh rsh
rsh
YP/NIS service binder /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/sbin/ypbind /usr/sbin/ypbind /sbin/ypbind
System Files AIX HP-UX Solaris Tru64 FreeBSD LINUX(RedHat)
/etc/dfs/dfstab
NFS exported /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports
/etc/dfs/sharetab
NFS Client mounted directories /etc/xtab /etc/xtab /etc/rmtab /var/adm/mountdtab /var/lib/nfs/xtab
1 TB 128 GB {= 4.0} 2 TB
16 TB {advfs}
1 TB 128 GB {= 4.0} 8192 GB {8KB block size}
16 TB {advfs}
Max # File Descriptors 64 K 60~ K 64 K 64 K sysctl fs.file-max
DISK/LVM Commands AIX HP-UX:Disk &Filesystem SOLARIS Tru64 FreeBSD LINUX(RedHat)
Filesystem table /etc/filesystems /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/fstab
Free disk blocks df -k bdf df -k df -k df -k df -k
Device listing lsdev -C /sbin/ioscan sysdef cat /proc/devices
format -d c#t#d#
cat
Disk information bootinfo -s hdisk# diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d# format>current file /dev/rrz0c fdisk -v ad0
/proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model
format>inquiry
Disk Label lspv -l hdisk# pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d# prtvtoc disklabel -p rz0 disklabel ad0 fdisk -l
LVM Concepts Partition logical extents sub disk sub disk sub disk logical extents
Volume logical volume Volume Volume Volume logical volume
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Plex Plex Plex
Volume group volume group disk group disk group volume group
ext3
Journal Filesystem type jfs vxfs vxfs advfs
reiserfs
Default volume group /dev/rootvg /dev/vg00 /dev/vx/dsk/rootdg /dev/vol/rootdg
Display volume group lsvg -l rootvg vgdisplay -v vg00 vxprint -l -g rootdg volprint -l -g rootdg vgdisplay -v
Modify physical volume chpv pvchange pvchange
Prepare physical disk mkdev -c disk -l hdisk# pvcreate vxdiskadd voldiskadd pvcreate
List physical volume lspv pvdisplay vxprint -dl volprint -dl vinum ld pvdisplay
Remove disk from volume group reducevg vgreduce vxdg rmdisk voldg rmdisk vgreduce
Move logical volumes to another
migratepv pvmove vxassist move volassist move vinum move -f drive object pvmove
physical volumes
Create volume group mkvg vgcreate vxdg init voldg init vgcreate
Remove volume group vgremove vgremove
chvg
Volume group availability varyonvg vgchange vgchange
varyoffvg
Restore volume group vgcfgrestore vgcfgrestore
Exports volume group exportvg vgexport vxdg deport voldg deport vgexport
Imports volume group importvg vgimport vxdg import voldg import vgimport
Volume group listing lsvg vgscan vgscan
Change logical volume characteristics chlv lvchange vxedit set voledit set lvchange
List logical volume lslv lvdisplay vxprint -vl volprint -vl vinum lv lvdisplay
Make logical volume mklv lvcreate vxassist make volassist make lvcreate
Extend logical volume extendlv lvextend vxassist growto volassist growto lvextend
Reduce logical volume AIX reduce LV lvreduce vxassist shrinkto volassist shrinkto lvreduce
Remove logical volume rmlv lvremove vxedit rm voledit -g rootdg -rf rm vol1 vinum rm vol lvremove
Prepare boot volumes bootlist -m normal lvlnboot vxbootsetup lilo
Remove boot volumes lvrmboot
extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8 vxva resize2fs
Extend File system chfs -a size=# /mt
fsadm -F vxfs -b {LE * 1024} /mt mkfs -M resize_reiserfs
Reduce/Split mirrors rmlvcopy lvsplit lvsplit
Merge mirrors lvmerge lvmerge
volassist make vol 100mb
Create mirrors mklv -c 2 lvcreate -m 1 vxassist mirror vinum mirror drive
mirror=true
Add mirrors mklvcopy lv 2 lvextend -m 1
vxassist make vol 100mb volassist make vol 100mb
Create striped volumes mklv -u 3 -S 64K lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 vinum stripe drive lvcreate -i 3 -I 64
layout=raid5 layout=stripe
System recovery tape mksysb -i /dev/rmt0 /opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery /usr/sys/bin/btcreate
Backup savevg -i rootvg fbackup ufsdump vdump vinum saveconfig tar cvf /dev/rst0 /
Restore restvg frecover ufsrestore vrestore tar xvf /dev/rst0
MISC AIX HP-UX SOLARIS Tru64 FreeBSD LINUX(RedHat)
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Startup script /etc/rc /sbin/rc /sbin/init.d /sbin/init.d /etc/rc /etc/rc.d/rc
Kernel /usr/lib/boot/unix_up /stand/vmunix /kernel/genunix /vmunix /kernel /boot/vmlinuz
sysdef sysconfig
Kernel Parameters lsattr -E -l sys0 kmtune sysdef -i dxkerneltuner sysctl -a sysctl -a
kmsystem
cd /stand/build vi /etc/system cd /sys/i386/conf cd /usr/src/linux
/usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -v -
reboot vi KERNEL make mrproper
s system
vi system config KERNEL make menuconfig
mk_kernel -s system cd ../../compile/KERNEL make dep
cd /stand make depend make clean
mv system system.prev make make bzimage
mv vmunix vmunix.prev make install make install
mv dlkm dlkm.prev make modules
Reconfigure the kernel chdev -l sys0 -a mv /stand/build/system system doconfig make modules_install
kmupdate
/stand/build/vmunix_test
cp
arch/i386/boot/bzImag
e /boot/vmlinuz-2.2.16
mkinitrd /boot/initrd-
2.2.16.img 2.2.16
vi /etc/lilo.conf
lilo
List modules genkex kmadmin -s modinfo kldstat lsmod
Load module kmadmin -L modload kldload insmod
Unload module kmadmin -U modunload kldunload rmmod
Initialize system install_assist set_parms initial sys-unconfig netsetup /stand/sysinstall netconf
grep -i Physical
Physical RAM bootinfo -r prtconf uerf | grep memory sysctl hw.physmem free
/var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
Kernel Bits bootinfo -K getconf KERNEL_BITS isainfo -kv 64 getconf WORD_BIT
Crash utility crash adb crash kdbx crash lcrash
Trace System Calls syscalls tusc truss trace truss strace
uname -m model
Machine model uname -imp uname -p uname -m uname -m
bootinfo -m uname -m
OS Level oslevel uname -r uname -r sizer -v uname -r uname -r
Run Level who -r who -r who -r who -r runlevel
Core dump files /var/adm/ras /var/adm/crash /var/crash/`uname -n`
Key on service mode/F4 >boot {lilo}
Boot from CD/Tape Interact with IPL ? Y control-x
Select Maintenance ISL>hpux -iS linux S
Limited function Shell
Boot single user ok boot -s >>> boot -fl s ok boot -s
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{grub}
Boot single user ok boot -s >>> boot -fl s ok boot -s c
kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-
13 single
ro root=/dev/hda8
initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img
boot
>boot
Maintenance mode Interact with IPL ? Y ok boot -as ok boot -as
ISL>hpux -lm
Interrupt Key control-B Stop-A control-P
Return to console co ok go
/etc/environment /etc/TIMEZONE /etc/svid3_tz
Timezone Management /etc/TIMEZONE /etc/localtime /etc/sysconfig/clock
/etc/profile /etc/default/init timezone
rcmgr set XNTPD_CONF YE /etc/rc.conf
/etc/ntp.conf /etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons /etc/inet/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf
NTP Daemon S {xntpd_enable="YES"}
startsrc -s xntpd /sbin/init.d/xntpd /etc/init.d/xntpd /sbin/init.d/xntpd /etc/rc.network /etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd
Software AIX HP-UX SOLARIS Tru64 LINUX(RedHat)
Install Software installp -a swinstall pkgadd setld -l pkg_add rpm -i package
Uninstall software installp -u swremove pkgrm setld -d pkg_delete rpm -e package
List installed software lslpp -L all swlist pkginfo setld -i pkg_info -a rpm -qa
pkginfo -i
Verify installed software lppchk -v swlist -l fileset -a state setld -v rpm -V package
pkginfo -p
List all files lslpp -f fileset swlist -l file fileset pkgchk -l package setld -i package pkg_info -L package rpm -ql package
swlist -l patch
List installed patches instfix -i patchadd -p dupatch -track -type patch
what /stand/vmunix
Package owner lslpp -w path swlist -l file | grep path pkgchk -l -p path rpm -qf file
SW Directory /usr/lpp /var/adm/sw/ /var/sadm /var/adm/smlogs /var/db/pkg /var/lib/rpm
Devices AIX HP-UX SOLARIS Tru64 FreeBSD LINUX(RedHat)
Devices /dev /dev /devices /dev /dev /dev
drvconfig scu scan edt
devlinks scsimgr -scan_all
Install devices for attached peripherals cfgmgr -v insf -e disks /dev/MAKEDEV /dev/MAKEDEV
tapes
ports
Remove device rmdev -l rmsf rem_drv
Device drivers lscfg lsdev prtconf -D
CPU lsdev -Cc processor ioscan -fnC processor psrinfo -v psrinfo -v sysctl hw.model cat /proc/cpuinfo
List Terminal lsdev -Cc tty ioscan -fnC tty pmadm -l
/usr/platform/`uname - lspci
sbin/prtdiag pnpdump
Diagnostics diag stm pciconf -l
ok test-all
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Diagnostics diag stm pciconf -l
/opt/SUNWvts/bin/sunvts
Whole Disk /dev/hdisk# /dev/dsk/c#t#d0 /dev/c#t#d0s2 /dev/rz0c /dev/ad0s1c /dev/sda
CDROM /dev/cd0 /dev/dsk/c#t2d0 /dev/dsk/c#t6d0s2 /dev/rz3c /dev/acd0c /dev/cdrom
CDROM file type cdrfs cdfs hsfs cdfs cd9660 iso9660
Rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0 /dev/rmt/0m /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rmt0 /dev/rwt0d /dev/rst0 { c 9 0}
Non-rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0.1 /dev/rmt/0mn /dev/rmt/0n /dev/nrmt0 /dev/nrwt0d /dev/nrst0 { c 9 128 }
Floppy drive /dev/rfd0 - /dev/diskette /dev/fd0c /dev/fd0 /dev/fd0
Links AIX HP-UX SOLARIS Tru64 FreeBSD LINUX(RedHat)
FAQ AIX-FAQ HP-UX FAQ Solaris 2 FAQ Tru64 FAQ FreeBSD FAQ LINUX FAQ
Solaris 7 Linux Documentation
Online Manual AIX 4.3 Books HP-UX 11.00 Collection Tru64 Documents FreeBSD Hand Book
Documentation Project
Technical Support RS/6000 TechSupport IT Resource Center SunSolve Alpha Systems Support Red Hat support
Phone Number 1-800-CALL-AIX 1-800-633-3600 1-800-USA-4SUN 1-888-REDHAT1
Tru64 Demos, Shareware
Free Software Bull HP-UX Ports Sun Freeware FreeBSD Primary Site Linux Software Map
& Freeware
Certification www.ibm.com education.hp.com suned.sun.com ASE Information RHCE
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