HEALTH & SAFETY @ LITTLE FRANCE
HEALTH & SAFETY LAW
Welcome to an on-line health and safety
awareness package intended for staff and
students working within UofE buildings on
the Little France campus who may be
interested in learning more about UK law as
it relates to health and safety at work.
Information contained within these pages is intended for use by
University of Edinburgh staff and students only
HEALTH & SAFETY @ LITTLE FRANCE
HEALTH & SAFETY LAW
The material contained in this presentation is not
fully comprehensive, nor necessarily always
completely up-to-date, since law is a complex
subject (fairly superficially summarised in this
presentation) and laws do change. If definitive
information is required, please contact the Little
France Buildings H&S Manager, the contact details
for whom are shown on the last pages of this
presentation - Thank you.
Information contained within these pages is intended for use by
University of Edinburgh staff and students only
Health
& Safety
Law
Last updated: January 2012
UK Law
It may help at the outset to know the meaning of
the following terms:
Common Law and Case Law
Statute Law
Civil Law
Criminal Law
Acts, Regulations, Orders, ACoPs* and
Guidance Notes
* Approved Codes of Practice
Common Law and Statute Law
Common Law Statute Law
Unwritten law dealing with Acts of Parliament and
conduct between people, not related Regulations
dealt with by Acts of Imposes legal duties, which
Parliament may be absolute, practicable,
Judgements create precedent or reasonably practicable
for other Judges to follow Failure to comply is an
(recorded in Law Reports) offence in Criminal Law and
Deals with the balance of may give rise to criminal
probabilities (51+% certainty) liability and penalties
Outcome is in the form of a Deals with reasonable doubt
remedy or compensation (~98+% certainty that a
Includes negligence, liability, decision is beyond reasonable
and duty of care, and involves doubt)
defences Gives rise to
This ‘Case Law’ gives rise to Criminal Law
Civil Law
Civil Law and Criminal Law (1)
Civil Law Criminal Law
Based on Common Law Based on Statute Law
Regulates relationships Regulates conduct considered
between legal persons by the State to be prejudicial
(individuals and corporations) to the community
Proceedings started by one of Proceedings instituted by
two or more parties, who may officers of the Crown
settle at any time Court decides on guilt or
Civil court may consider innocence
disputes arising out of Principal object is to punish
property rights, employment, the guilty
family, etc
Court may compensate for
wrongs
Civil Law and Criminal Law (2)
Civil Law Criminal Law
Judgements escalate from Judgements escalate from
lowest level of Sheriff Court lowest level of Sheriff or
in Scotland (Small Claims District Court in Scotland
Court in England and Wales) (Magistrate’s Court in
to Court of Session (County England and Wales) to High
Court or High Court in Court of Justiciary (Crown
England and Wales), with Court in England and Wales),
possible leave to appeal to a with possible leave to appeal
Court of Appeal (a panel of to a Court of Appeal (a panel
Judges), and conceivably to of Judges), and conceivably to
UK’s House of Lords or UK’s House of Lords or
European Courts, for the European Courts, for the
judgement of a lower court to judgement of a lower court to
be overruled. be overruled.
Civil Law and Criminal Law (3)
Civil Law Criminal Law
Liability insurance surveys Health and Safety at Work etc
and reports Act 1974 is Statute Law (i.e.
Claims investigations Criminal Law)
H&S management audits H&S@WA supports
Compliance audit programme delegated legislation (e.g.
Management of Health and
May inform changes to H&S Safety at Work Regulations
policies 1999)
Breach of civil duty is H&S@WA sets out duties for
insurable employers and employees
H&S@WA empowers Health
and Safety Executive (HSE)
Breach of statute law is not
insurable
Civil Law and Negligence
Under civil law, an individual who has been
injured may sue for damages that he or she claims
were caused by the negligence of another person.
But to prove negligence, the injured person has to
establish (on the balance of probability) that:
• he or she was owed a duty of care by the other
person;
• there was a breach of that duty; and
• that there was damage and it resulted from that
breach of duty of care.
Negligence and Duty of Care
The duty is, in effect, a legal obligation
imposed on an individual, requiring that he
or she adheres to a standard of reasonable care
while performing any acts that could
foreseeably harm others.
It is the first element that must be
established to proceed with an action
claiming negligence.
Contributory Negligence
and Proportional Judgement
Courts will make an assessment of the extent to
which blame may be apportioned between the
person being sued (the defendant) injured party (the
claimant), and to what extent there may have been
contributory negligence on the part of the claimant;
this may bear on the amount of compensation
ultimately awarded.
Negligence and Vicarious Liability
Where, through negligence, an employee causes
damage while at work (including work being done
away from the employer’s normal base of
operations), it is the employer who remains
accountable in law for his or her employee’s actions,
and it is the employer who may be expected to pay
compensation to an injured party.
If the damage was caused because the employee
disregarded his or her employer’s instructions, the
employee may be subject to disciplinary measures
taken by his or her employer, but it it is the
employer who remains vicariously liable for
damages caused by his or her employee.
European Law
Commission of the European Communities
EC Directives
Transposition
National law in member states
UK (Statute) Law
Drafting by Ministers and Civil Servants
Publication of a White Paper or Bill followed by First Reading and debate
After amendment, Second Reading and debate in the House of Commons
Detailed discussion in Committee Stage
Report to House of Commons
Third Reading in the House of Commons (then passed to the House of Lords for
further debate and possible revisions)
Final Adoption by House of Commons
Presented to the Monarch for Royal Assent
Becomes Statute Law in the UK
UK (Statute) Law
Acts
Primary or principal legislation with enabling provisions
(e.g. Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974).
Regulations
Delegated legislation (e.g. Control of Substances
Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002).
Orders
(e.g. Commencement Orders bringing Acts into force).
Approved Codes of Practice (ACoPs)
(e.g. ACoP for COSHH Regs).
Guidance Notes
(e.g. HSE HSG and GN series).
Scottish Law
As may have become apparent already,
Scotland has a different legal system from
England and Wales.
While the Health & Safety at Work etc Act
1974, and related Regulations, apply equally
in Scotland, there are differences in the
Court system, which may become apparent
in the event
of a prosecution.
Scottish Law
• Sheriff Court
Tries criminal cases (summary and solemn) and civil
actions, and conducts fatal accident enquiries.
• Court of Session
Based in Edinburgh.
Tries civil actions at a higher level that Sheriff Courts.
• High Court of Justiciary
Located in Edinburgh and Glasgow, and also on circuit.
Tries criminal prosecutions (solemn and summary) at a
higher level than Sheriff Courts.
Scottish Law
High Court Court of
of Session
Justiciary
Criminal Sheriff Court Civil
cases cases
District Court
Scottish Law
• Summary Procedure
Outcome decided by a Sheriff (in a Sheriff Court) or a
bench of one or more lay Justices (in a District Court), in
the absence of a jury.
• Solemn Procedure
Involves a jury of (in Scotland) fifteen people.
The Judge or Sheriff decides questions of law, and the
jury decide questions of fact; in a summary procedure,
the Judge, Sheriff or Justice(s) decide both.
Scottish Law
And, unique to Scottish Law, there are not
just two possible outcomes from a trial, but
three:
• Guilty
• Not Guilty
or
• Not Proven
A simple majority verdict (even
eight to seven of the fifteen-strong
jury) will suffice to secure a
conviction.
Scottish Law
Another difference that might be worth
highlighting relates to civil wrongs and the concept
of negligence.
In England and Wales a civil wrong is described
as a Tort, whereas in Scotland it is a Delict.
Either way, individuals (pursuers) may use the
Common Law on negligence to bring a civil
action for compensation following injury (e.g. by
an employee against an employer –
the defender - following an injury at
work).
Scottish Law
The Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal
Service is responsible for the investigation and
prosecution of crime in Scotland.
A special unit of the service exists to investigate
and (potentially) prosecute some offences related
to health and safety.
Scottish Law
In extreme cases, a Fatal Accident Inquiry may
be convened under the Fatal Accidents and
Sudden Deaths Inquiry (Scotland) Act 1976.
A FAI, in any event, must be held in all cases of
death arising from an accident at work.
The purpose of the Inquiry is not to apportion
blame, but to establish facts.
Scottish Law
Specifically, a FAI is set up to determine:
• Where and when the death took place;
• The cause of death;
• Reasonable precautions whereby the death
might have been avoided;
• Factors which may have contributed to the
death; and
• Any other facts relevant to the
circumstances of the death.
Acts
Statute law.
E.g. H&S@WA 1974.
Debated and made in
Parliament.
Primary legislation, which may
represent a framework for secondary
legislation and Regulations.
Impose legal duties on employers etc.
Failure to comply may give rise to
criminal liability.
Regulations
Statutory instruments.
E.g. Ionising Radiation
Regulations 1999.
Subordinate to, or delegated
from, an Act.
Section 15 of H&S@WA 1974
enable Regulations to be made.
Power is contained in the Act.
But Regulations set out the details.
Though they made be difficult to understand,
so read also the ACOPs …
Approved Codes of Practice (ACoPs)
Issued by Health and Safety
Executive (HSE).
Provides practical guidance
beyond what is set out in the
relevant Regulations, and in
terms that are more easy for
workers to understand.
Not legally binding in themselves, but they
may be applied by a Court of Law as a
minimum standard that should perhaps
have been applied by an employer.
Guidance Notes (GNs)
Issued by Health and Safety
Executive (HSE).
Represent HSE’s opinion
of good practice.
Not legally binding in themselves, but
they may be applied in a Court of Law
as a minimum standard that should
perhaps have been applied by an
employer.
Some More Definitions
Duty of Care
A common law duty to
exercise reasonable care in
order to protect others from
the risks of foreseeable injury,
death or health problems.
Some More Definitions
Reasonable Care
That which one would expect from
a reasonable person (one who has
regard to the possible consequences
of their actions).
Higher standards are expected
from those with greater
knowledge, skills and
experience.
Some More Definitions
Legal Duties
Duties may be absolute, practicable,
or reasonably practicable.
Employers and employees share a
duty to take reasonable care.
Some More Definitions
Absolute Duty
Duty-holders shall or must comply.
I.e. applies irrespective of financial
implications.
Some More Definitions
Practicable Duty
Comply so far as is practicable.
I.e. comply if possible, or technically
possible.
Financial and technical implications
may be considered, but should not
be made an insurmountable
obstacle.
Some More Definitions
Reasonably Practicable Duty
Comply so far as is reasonably
practicable.
i.e. the duty-holder is permitted to
weigh up the assessed risk against
the cost of merely reducing or
totally eliminating the risk.
Some More Definitions
Indictment
An accusation of wrongdoing.
The document formally outlining the
charges being brought against an
accused eprson.
Some More Definitions
Negligence
“A wrong” (usually in civil law
terms).
Conduct that falls short of what a
reasonable person would do (e.g. to
protect another person from
harm that could reasonably
be foreseen).
Some More Definitions
Contributory Negligence
A common law defence.
E.g. where something one person
has done has contributed in some
way to injuries or loss sustained by a
second person as a result of that
second person’s own
negligence, with the result
that blame may be shared.
Some More Definitions
Culpability
A measure of the extent to which a
person can be held legally
responsible.
May also be thought of as a measure
of blameworthiness.
Some More Definitions
Liability
That which, in law, makes a person
responsible for injury or loss caused
by the person’s actions or inaction,
regardless of culpability.
Some More Definitions
Vicarious Liability
A possible partial defence in law.
E.g. the responsibility of a manager
for acts carried out by someone
working under their direction.
H&S Law
Health & Safety Law
The first piece of legislation within the UK
that governed, in effect, the health and
safety of workers, was the Factories Act of
1802 (also sometimes known as Health and
Morals of Apprentices Act) , which was
intended to limit the number of hours that
could be worked by
women and children in
the textile industry, and
then later in all industries.
Health and Safety at Work
etc Act 1974
Health and Safety
at Work Act 1974
Health & Safety at Work Act etc 1974
Primary legislation for
occupational health and
safety in the UK.
Enables a range of secondary
legislation.
Sets out basic principles.
Also sets out national framework for
regulation and enforcement.
Health & Safety at Work Act etc 1974
The Act established the
simple yet enduring principle
that those who create risk are
best placed to manage it.
Judith Hackitt CBE
Chair of Health & Safety Executive
2008
Health & Safety at Work Act etc 1974
General duties of employers
General duties of employees
Health & Safety Executive (HSE)
Employment Medical
Advisory Service (EMAS)
Inspection
Enforcement etc
H&S@WA 1974: Section 2
Employers general duty to ensure, so far as is
reasonably practicable, the health, safety and
welfare at work of all employees and, in
particular:
Safe plant and systems of work.
Safe use, handling, transport and storage of substances
and articles.
Provision of information, instruction, training and
supervision.
Safe place of work, access and egress.
Safe working environment and adequate
welfare facilities.
H&S@WA 1974: Section 2(3)
Requires employers to have a Safety
Policy
(see http://www.safety.ed.ac.uk/policy/index.shtm
for UofE’s H&S policy, and http://www.mvm.ed.ac.uk/
LittleFrance/mvmhlthsaf.htm for the policy covering
University buildings on the Little France campus)
H&S@WA 1974: Section 3
Employer’s general duties of care
owed to others, including
contractors, visitors, the general
public, clients etc.
H&S@WA 1974: Sections 7 and 8
General duties of all Employees at work:
Section 7(a): To take care for health and safety
of themselves and others who may be affected
by acts or omissions.
Section 7(b): To co-operate with employer so
as to enable compliance with statutory
requirements.
Section 8: No person to intentionally or
recklessly interfere with or misuse
anything provided in the interests
of health, safety or welfare.
H&S@WA 1974: Sections 20-22 and 24-25
Sections 20 – 22 relate to the powers
of HSE inspectors to serve
Improvement Notices and
Prohibition Notices (of which more
later in this presentation).
Sections 24 and 25 relate to the
process of appeal against
Improvement Notices and
Prohibition Notices.
H&S@WA 1974: Sections 33-43
These Sections relate in particular to
the powers of HSE and Courts with
regard to the initiation and process
of prosecutions, including appeals.
H&S@WA 1974: Section 40
The burden of proof is on the
accused! (Fairly unique in UK law).
Rather than presuming innocence,
Section 40 of H&S@WA 1974 states
that if a breach has occurred, it is
for the company or individual
responsible to prove that they had
taken reasonable steps to
prevent it (Strict Liability).
H&S@WA 1974
The Health & Safety at Work Act
1974 makes it a criminal offence
not to comply with the duties it
imposes.
Failure to comply could lead to
prosecution, with heavy fines
and/or imprisonment.
Health & Safety Law
Employers are required by law
to display a copy of the Health
and Safety Law notice in the
workplace.
Provides employees with
information on safety
legislation, and lists sources
of further advice.
Includes details of the
competent person, safety representatives, and
other relevant information specific to the
workplace.
Health and Safety
Regulations
Interrelationship of H&S Regulations
H&S@WA 1974 underpins a whole range of key H&S regulations
E.g.
COSHH
Regs
Health Containment
surveillance measures
Risk assessment
Dealing with emergencies
Information, instruction
and training
Management of Genetically Modified
Health & Safety Organisms
at Work Regs Competent (Contained Use) Regs
advice
Health and Safety (Information for
Employees) Regulations 1989
Display the poster.
Name the enforcing
authority.
Provide contact details for
the Employment Medical
Advisory Service.
Etc
Safety Representatives and Safety
Committees Regulations 1977
Aimed principally at
employers and Trade
Unions.
Appointment and function
of Safety Representatives.
Safety Committees.
Etc
Health and Safety (Consultation with
Employees) Regulations 1996
Duty of employer to consult
Duty of employer to provide
information
Employee safety
representatives
Etc
Management of H&S at Work Regulations 1999
Risk assessments
Health surveillance
Information for employees
Emergency procedures
Capabilities and training
Protection of young people etc
Employers sharing a workplace etc
Etc
Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)
Regulations 1998
Ventilation, temperature etc
Room size, lighting etc
Sanitary arrangements etc
Drinking water etc
Traffic routes and walkways etc
Changing rooms etc
Rest rooms and dining rooms etc
Etc
Provision and Use of Work Equipment
Regulations 1998
Maintenance
Inspection
Control systems
Markings
Warnings
Emergency stops
Information and instructions
Etc
Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992
Risk assessment
Load factors
Individual capacity
Task-related factors
Environmental factors
Eliminate or reduce risk
Safe work systems
Etc
Personal Protective Equipment
at Work Regulations 1992
Design principles
Assessment of suitability
Comfort and efficiency
Information from
manufacturer
Instructions to users
Maintenance and storage
Etc
Display Screen Equipment Regulations 1992
Workstation risk
assessment
Work routine
Eyes and eyesight
Training
Information
Etc
First Aid Regulations 1981
First aiders
Appointed persons
Training
Equipment and facilities
Etc
Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals)
Regulations 1996
Provision and maintenance
of safety signs
Information, training
and instruction
Includes mandatory, prohibitions,
warnings, fire-related, emergency
escapes and first aid
Etc
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health
(COSHH) Regulations 2002
Chemicals, dusts,
micro-organisms etc
Risk assessment
Prevention and control
Monitoring and surveillance
Incidents and accidents
Information, instruction and
training
Etc
Chemicals (Hazard Information and
Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002
Classifications
Safety data sheets
Labelling
Packaging
Etc
Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of
Chemicals (REACH) Regulations
Came into force in June 2007
Obliges downstream users to
follow instructions in safety
data sheets
Introduces concept of exposure
scenarios
Obliges users to inform suppliers of any new
information pertaining to risk management
Special implications for formulators
Dangerous Substances and Explosive
Atmospheres Regulations 2002
Risk assessment
Elimination or reduction
of risk
Information, training and
instruction
Emergency planning
Etc
Genetically Modified Organisms
(Contained Use) Regulations 2000
Risk assessment
Notification of premises
Notification of activities
GM safety committees
Containment and control
measures
Emergency plans
Etc
Reporting of Diseases, Dangerous Occurrences
(RIDDOR) Regulations 1995
Report deaths and major
injuries
Report notifiable
occupational-related
illness
Report dangerous occurrences
Record-keeping, time-scales
Etc
Work at Height Regulations 2005
Avoidance or
minimisation of risk
Competence
Organisation and planning
Selection and inspection of
places and equipment
Fragile surfaces
Etc
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
Systems, work activities
and protective equipment
Earthing and other suitable
precautions
Means of cutting off
supplies
Competence
Etc
Pressure System Safety Regulations 2000
Installation
Operation
Maintenance
Covers autoclaves, etc
Etc
Confined Spaces Regulations 1997
Safe working
Emergency arrangements
Applies to work in crawl
spaces, etc
Etc
Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment
Regulations 1998
Organisation of work
Lifting equipment and
lifting persons
Examination and
inspection of equipment
Reports and defects
Record keeping
Etc
Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005
Risk assessment
Avoidance or
minimisation of risk
Exposure limits and action values
Hearing protection
Information, instruction and training
Etc
Control of Asbestos Regulations 2006
Licensing and notification
Plans of work
Information, instruction and
training
Use of control measures
Air monitoring
Emergency planning
Etc
Construction (Design and Management)
Regulations 2007 (CDM)
General management duties in
respect of construction projects
Includes designers, contractors,
sub-contractors and clients
Includes construction, demolition
and excavation
Requires planning for emergencies
Etc
Fire (Scotland) Regulations 2006
Fire risk assessment
Risk reduction
Fire alarms
Means of escape
Fire-fighting
Training
Maintain records
Etc
Ionising Radiation Regulations 1999
Risk assessment
Risk and dose reduction
Dosimetery and PPE
Information and training
RPA and RPSs
Controlled and supervised areas
Maintain records
Emergency planning
Etc
Other H&S-related
Laws
Health & Safety (Offences) Act 2008
The Health & Safety (Offences) Act
2008 sets out penalties on summary
conviction, and penalties on
conviction on indictment, arising
from a range of offences under the
Health & Safety at Work etc Act
1974.
The Act applies within
Scotland too.
Corporate Manslaughter and
Corporate Homicide Act 2007
Creates a new offence in
criminal law of corporate
manslaughter and, in Scotland,
corporate homicide.
Criminal charges may arise from
breach of a duty of care by
senior management of an
organisation which have
resulted in a person’s death.
Corporate Manslaughter and
Corporate Homicide Act 2007
Prosecution under the Act must be based
on a gross breach of a relevant duty of
care that has resulted in a fatality, but
precisely what constitutes a gross breach
is a determination that must be made by
a jury.
The first successful prosecutions
have resulted in very substantial
fines against employers.
Employers Liability
(Compulsory Insurance) Act 1969
Ensures minimum cover
for claims for
compensation arising
from injury or illness
caused to an employee
arising from work.
Etc.
Disability Discrimination Act 1995
Service providers must make 'reasonable
adjustments' for disabled people, such as
providing extra help or making changes to
the way they provide their services.
Since 2004, service providers may also have
to make other 'reasonable adjustments' in
relation to the physical features of their
premises to overcome physical barriers
to access.
Etc.
Radioactive Substances Act 1993
An Act of Parliament.
Regulated in Scotland
by SEPA.
Registration of use of
radioactive substances.
and equipment (e.g. X-ray machines).
Authorisations to dispose of and
accumulate radioactive waste.
Etc.
H&S Law
In Summary: Common Themes
Risk assessment
Risk elimination/minimisation
Personal protection
Competence
Information, instruction and training
Emergency planning
Record keeping
Enforcement
Enforcement
Inspectors visit premises most
usually for one of two basic
reasons:
Proactive (planned preventive)
inspections; or
Reactive (usually to investigate,
e.g. in response to complaints or
RIDDOR reports).
Enforcement
HSE Inspectors can:
Enter premises at any reasonable time (or at any
time at all where there is danger).
Request a Police Constable to accompany him or
her where obstruction is anticipated.
Take other people and equipment or materials
onto premises to assist in investigations.
Carry out any examinations and investigations as
required.
Require locations to be left undisturbed.
Enforcement
HSE Inspectors can also:
Take measurements, photographs and recordings.
Take samples of articles or substances.
Require dismantling and/or testing of articles and
substances.
Take possession of articles and substances for
examination and use as evidence.
Take statements and copies of relevant documents.
Require provision of facilities to assist enquiries.
Do anything else necessary to enable their duties
to be carried out.
Enforcement
Powers of HSE Inspectors
Inspectors can:
Issue advice (verbally or in writing).
Issue an Improvement Notice.
Issue an Prohibition Notice.
Initiate a Prosecution (summary or indictment).
Seize, render harmless or destroy any
article or substance considered to be a
cause of imminent danger or serious
injury.
Enforcement
Improvement Notice
Issued under Section 21 of H&S@WA 1974 if
an Inspector is of the opinion that a person has
contravened one or more statutory provisions,
and that it is likely that the person will do so
again.
The Improvement Notice will state the relevant
provisions, the reason for the Inspector’s
opinion, the remedial action required,
and the period within which it is to be
carried out.
Enforcement
Prohibition Notice
Issued under Section 22 of H&S@WA 1974 if
an Inspector is of the opinion that a person or
people is at risk of serious injury from an
activity.
The Improvement Notice will state the matters
giving rise to risk, any legal contraventions,
dictate cessation of the specified activities until
remedial action has been taken, and
when cessation should take place.
Enforcement
Appeals Against Enforcement Notices
Must be made to an Employment Tribunal within
21 days of a notice being served.
Grounds may include unrealistic timescales for
compliance.
Outcome may be confirmation or cancellation of
the original Notice.
Appeal against an Improvement Notice suspends
the Notice pending outcome of the appeal.
Appeal against a Prohibition Notice does
not suspend the Notice pending outcome
of the appeal.
Enforcement
Scottish Environment Protection
Agency (SEPA)
Regulates the disposal of radioactive
waste from ‘small user’ premises such as
hospitals, universities and research premises.
Also regulates the keeping and use of radioactive
material by these small users.
Has powers regarding inspection and enforcement
that are broadly similar to that of the
HSE.
Works to The Radioactive Substances
Act 1993 etc.
Enforcement
Employment Tribunals
Comprise a legally qualified Chair and two lay
members.
Rules of evidence apply.
Deals with appeals against Enforcement Notices.
Hears cases regarding dismissal following alleged
breaches of health and safety
legislation.
Appeals against Tribunal decisions
may be referred to a higher Court.
Penalties
Offence Summary On Indictment**
Conviction*
Sections 2-6 of H&S@WA £20,000 Unlimited fine
H&S Regulation and other £20,000 Unlimited fine
Sections of H&S@WA
Improvement Notice £20,000 and/or six months Unlimited fine and/or two
(Failure to Comply) imprisonment years imprisonment
Prohibition Notice £20,000 and/or six months Unlimited fine and/or two
(Failure to Comply) imprisonment years imprisonment
Order of the Court/ £20,000 and/or six months Unlimited fine and/or two
Breach of Court Order imprisonment years imprisonment
* A summary judgement is one delivered after being tried by a Judge
alone, usually for relatively minor offences.
** An indictment is one arising from a trial before a Jury, usually for
more serious offences.
HEALTH & SAFETY @ LITTLE FRANCE
HEALTH & SAFETY LAW
Problems and Questions
Refer any enquiries to the Little France
Buildings H&S Manager:
HEALTH & SAFETY @ LITTLE FRANCE
HEALTH & SAFETY LAW
Lindsay Murray
Health & Safety Manager,
The University of Edinburgh,
College of Medicine & Veterinary Medicine
(Chancellor’s Building, Medical School and
Queen’s Medical Research Institute),
Little France
Room SU215, Chancellor’s Building
Ext: 26390
lgm@staffmail.ed.ac.uk
HEALTH & SAFETY @ LITTLE FRANCE
HEALTH & SAFETY LAW
You have now completed this
on-line awareness package
summarising aspects of health
and safety law.
Thank you