Lungs
Features-
• Apex
• Base
• Three borders-ant,
post & infer
• Two surfaces- costal
& medial
Medial surface –
verterbral &
mediastinal part
Lungs
Lungs
Lungs
Structures related to
mediastinal surface of rt
lung
• Rt atrium & auricle
• Small part of rt ventricle
• Superior venacava
• Lower part of the rt
brachiocephalic vein
• Azygos vein
• Oesophagus
• Inferior venacava
• Trachea
• Rt vagus n
• Rt phrenic n
Lungs
Structures related to
mediastinal surface of lt
lung
• Lt ventricle, lt
auricle,infundibulum &
adjoining part of rt
ventricle
• Plumonary trunk
• Arch of aorta
• Descending thoracic
aorta
• Lt subclavian a
• Thoracic duct
• Oesophagus
• Lt brachiocephalic vein
• Lt vagus n
• Lt phrenic n
• Lt recurrent laryngeal n
Fissure and lobes
Lungs
of the lungs
Rt lung- 2 fissures
are oblique &
horizontal
3 lobes- upper,
middle & inferior
Lungs
Lt lung- 1 fissure
is oblique
2 lobes & lingula
Lungs
Root of the lung-
Short broad pedicle which
connects the medial surface
of the lung to mediastinum
Contents-
• Principal bronchus on lt side
& eparterial and hyparterial
bronchi rt side
• 1 pulmonary artery
• 2 pulmonary veins
• Bronchial arteries, 1 on rt
side & 2 on lt side
• Bronchial veins
• Ant & post pulmonary
plexuses of nerves
• Lymphatics of the lung
• Bronchopulmonary lymph
nodes
• Areorlar tissues
Lungs
Arrangement of
structures in
root
From before
backward
• Superior
pulmonary vein
• Pulmonary artery
• bronchus
From above Lungs
downwards
Rt side
• Eparterial bronchus
• Pulmonary artery
• Hyparterial bronchus
• Inferior pulmonary
vein
Lt side
• Pulmonary artery
• Bronchus
• Inferior pulmonary
vein
Relations of the root Lungs
Anterior
Common to two sides-
• Phrenic n
• Pericardiophernic vessels
• Anterior pulmonary plexus
On rt side
• Superior venacava
• A part of the rt atrium
Posterior
Common to two sides
• Vagus n
• Post pulmonary plexus
On lt side
• Descending thoracic aorta
Superior
On rt side
• Terminal part of azygos vein
On lt side
Arch of aorta
Inferior
Pulmonary ligament
Lungs
Arterial supply-
On rt side: 1 bronchial artery – 3rd posterior
intercostal artery or from upper lt bronchial artery
On lt side: 2 bronchial arteries- descending thoracic
aorta
Venous drainage-
Bronchial veins
Rt bronchial vein drain into azygos vein
Lt bronchial vein drain into either superior
intercostal vein or into the hemiazygos vein
Pulmonary veins
Lungs
Lymphatic drainage
Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
• Superficial vessels- peripheral lung tissue lying beneath the
pulmonary pleura
• Deep vessels- bronchial tree, pulmonary vessels and
connective tissue septa
Nerve supply-
Parasympathetic: vagus, motor to bronchial muscles,
secretomotor to the mucuos glands of the bronchial tree &
sensory
Sympathetic: 2nd to 5th spinal segments, inhibitory to the smooth
muscle and glands of the bronchial tree
Both of these nerves form ant and post pulmonary plexuses
Lungs
• Bronchial tree
• Bronchopulmonary
segments
Lungs
Lungs
Lungs
Lungs