The human digestive
system is a complex
series of organs and
glands that processes
food. In order to use
the food we eat, our
body has to break the
food down into smaller
molecules that it can
process; it also has to
excrete waste.
Most of the digestive organs (like the stomach and
intestines) are the tube-liked and contain the food
as it makes its way through the body.
The digestive system
is essentially a long,
twisting tube that runs
from the mouth to the
anus, plus a few other
organs (like the liver
and pancreas) that
produce or store
digestive chemicals.
Mouth
The mouth is where the digestive tract begins.
There are different enzymes which help the
process of digestion.
Tongue
It is a long soft piece of flesh fixed to the bottom of
your mouth that you use for tasting, speaking etc.
Tooth
Any of the hard white objects inside your mouth
that use for biting and for chewing food.
Pharynx
Because both food and air move through it, the
pharynx is a part of both of respiratory and
digestive system. It is the top of your throat.
Esophagus
It is a soft, muscular tube that moves food
from the pharynx to the stomach.
Liver
The liver is the largest
internal organ, which
performs many tasks,
including storing energy
and helping the body
get rid of toxins.
Stomach
The stomach has a lining that’s tough enough to
hold up in the highly acidic environment needed
to break down food.
Gall-bladder
The gall-bladder is a small poach that stores
bile. The gall-bladder releases bile into the
duodenum to help digest fats in the food you
eat.
Pancreas
The pancreas makes hormones to regulate the blood
glucose level. It also makes enzymes to break down
food in the intestines.
Transverse colon
It is the longest and
most movable part of
the colon, passes
with a downward
convexity from the
right hypochondrium
region across the
abdomen, opposite
the confines of the
epigastric and
umbilical zones .
Duodenum
It is the first section of the small intestine in most
higher vertebrates. The duodenum is a hollow jointed
tube about 25-30 cm (10-12 in) long connecting the
stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal
bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz.
Ascending colon
The ascending colon is
smaller in caliber than
the cecum, which
contiguous with.
Descending colon
The descending colon
passes downward through
the left hypochondrium and
lumbar regions, along the
lateral border of the left
kidney.
Small intestine
The stomach releases food into the
duodenum, which is the first segment of the
small intestine. The rest of the small intestine,
located below the duodenum, consists of the
jejunum and the ileum.
Cecum
The cecum or caecum is a
pouch, connecting the
ileum with the ascending
colon of the large intestine.
It is separated from the
ileum by the ileocecal valve.
Appendix
The appendix has no
function in modern human
body, however, it is believed
to have been part of the
digestive system in our
primitive ancestors.
Rectum
The rectum is the final
6 to 8 inches of the
large intestine. It
stores feces until they
leave the body.
Anus
The anus marks the exit point of the
digestive tract where feces leave the body.
Prepared by:
Galya Petkova and Ana-Mariya Velcheva –
”Geo Milev” Math High School, Pleven, Bulgaria