From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Black Sea Cossack Host
Black Sea Cossack Host
Part of a series on History
Cossacks The Black Sea host played a crucial role in the Russo-
Turkish War of 1787–1797. As a result, Catherine II re-
warded them with the Kuban land in the North Caucasus
(between the Kuban River and the Sea of Azov) by her de-
cree of June 30, 1792.[1] At that time, the area was an un-
inhabited steppe region over which the Russian Empire
had gained control in 1784.
Renamed the Black Sea Cossack Host in honor of the
victories during the Russo-Turkish War,[1] a total of
25,000 people made the migration in 1792-1794 from
Ukraine, settling in the regions north of the Kuban River.
Cossack hosts
Initially, Zaporozhian traditions, such as the democratic
Azov · Black Sea · Buh · Caucasus · Danube · Don · Vol- election of the host government, were adhered to by the
ga · Ural · Terek · Kuban · Orenburg · Astrakhan · Siber- Black Sea Cossacks, but in time many were replaced by
ian · Baikal · Amur · Semirechye · Ussuri · Zaporozhia Russian ones.
Instead of a central Sich, they formed a defence line
Other groups
from the inlet of the Kuban River into the Black Sea to the
Danube (Sich) · Tatar Cossacks · Nekrasov · Turkey · inlet of the Bolshaya Laba River, and colonised the land
Jewish Cossacks north of this line with stanitsas.
History An administrative centre of Yekaterinodar (literally
"Cathrine’s gift") was set up. At the same time, however,
Registered Cossacks · Kosiński Uprising · Nalyvaiko the Black Sea Cossacks also sent men to many major cam-
Uprising · Khmelnytsky Uprising · Hadiach Treaty · paigns of the Russian Empire, such as the suppression
Hetmanate · Colonisation of Siberia · Bulavin Rebelli- of the Polish Kościuszko Uprising in 1794, the ill-fated
on · Pugachev’s Rebellion · 1st Cavalry Army · Decos- Persian Expedition of 1796 where nearly half of the Cos-
sackization · Betrayal · XV SS Cossack Cavalry Corps · sacks died from hunger and disease, and sent the 9th
1st Cossack Division plastun (infantry) and 1st joint cavalry regiments as well
Famous Cossacks as the first Leib Guards (elite) sotnia to aid the Russian
Army in the Patriotic War of 1812. Further participation
Bohdan Khmelnytsky · Petro Sahaidachny · Ivan Vy- of the new host was in the Russo-Persian War (1826-1828)
hovsky · Petro Doroshenko · Ivan Mazepa · Ivan Sirko · where they stormed the last remaining Ottoman bastion
Yemelyan Pugachev · Stenka Razin · Yermak Ti- of the northern Black Sea Coast, the fortress of Anapa,
mofeyevich which fell on June 12, 1828. In the course of the Crimean
Cossack terms War, the Cossacks foiled attempts by allied forces to land
on the Taman Peninsula, whilst the 2nd and 5th plastun
Ataman · Chupryna · Hetman · Kontusz · Papakhi ·
battalions took part in the heroic Defence of Sevastopol.
Plastun · Szabla · Shashka · Stanitsa · Yesaul
As the years went by, the Black Sea Cossacks contin-
Black Sea Cossack Host (Russian: Черномо́рское каза́чье ued their systematic penetrations into the mountainous
во́йско), also known as Chernomoriya (Russian: Черно- regions of the Northern Caucasus. Taking an active part
мо́рия), was a Cossack host of the Russian Empire created in the finale of the Russian conquest of the Northern Cau-
in 1787 in the southern Ukraine from former Zaporozhi- casus they settled the regions each time these were con-
an Cossacks.[1] In the 1790s, the host was re-settled to the quered. To aid them, a total of 70,000 additional ex-Za-
Kuban River. It comprised the Caucasus Fortified Defence porozhians from the Bug, Yekaterinoslav, and finally the
Line from the inlet of the Kuban River to the inlet of the Azov Cossack Host migrated there in the mid 19th centu-
Bolshaya Laba River. ry. All three of the former were necessary to be removed
to vacate space for the colonisation of New Russia, and
with the increasing weakness of the Ottoman Empire as
well as the formation of independent buffer states in the
1
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Black Sea Cossack Host
Balkans, the need for further Cossack presence has end- to the Crimean Inspectorate.[1] In civil matters, the office
ed. They made the migration to the Kuban in 1860 and was subordinated to the Governor of Taurida Governo-
merged with the Caucasus Line Cossack Host, which con- rate.[1]
sisted of migrated Don Cossack elements. Finally in 1864,
the Black Sea Cossacks and the Azov Cossacks were unit-
ed into the Kuban Cossack Host, ninety years after the Za-
References
porozhian Sich was destroyed. [1] ^ Azarenkova et al., pp. 9ff.
Administration Sources
Upon creation, the territory of the host was governed • Азаренкова, А. С.; И. Ю. Бондарь, Н. С. Вертышева
by the military government.[1] Later, a dedicated military (1986) [1986] (in Russian). Основные
executive office was created, which was headed by the административно-территориальные
host’s ataman.[1] In military matters, this office was sub- преобразования на Кубани (1793–1985 гг.).
ordinated to Kherson’s military governor and, since 1802, Краснодарское книжное издательство.
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Categories:
• Ukrainian Cossacks
• Cossack hosts
• Ukrainian people
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