PERSIAN Chart
Culture/Civilization: China
Time Period: Classical Period (Qin Dynasty 221 B.C.E.-207 B.C.E.; Han Dynasty 202 B.C.E.-220 C.E.)
Factual Information Quote CCOT
Qin Empire
POLITICAL Shi huangdi
Leaders, Elites Bureaucracy
Structure--Laws Legalism- enhance state power and
Role of Religion wealth; enact strict laws creating
Conflict social harmony
Diplomacy, Treaties Han Empire
Judicial Liu Bang-former peasant and village
headman; held coalition of forces
together
Wudi-Han expansion
Wang Mang (ruled from 9 C.E.-23
C.E.)
bureaucracy
Qin
ECONOMIC
Philosophy Han
Focus Xian (large, walled town)
Trade, Commerce Towns normally had mining,
Capital/Money manufacturing, and trade
Role of merchants Conquest in the wets and south led to
more trade routes
Long distance trade was expanded to
the borders
Trade with other civilizations were
controlled by large companies
Merchants became wealthy but were
at the bottom of the social structure
because of Confucianism
Qin
RELIGIOUS Legalism
Origins Han
Beliefs, Teaching Confucianism; attraction to Daoism
Conversion Confucian hierarchy- agriculturists
Holy Books were placed over artisans
Influence on Society Civil service exams based off of
Confucian teachings
Confucianism put merchants on the
lowest social class
Qin
SOCIAL Peasants made up the army
Family Han
Gender Relations Knowledge of Confucian teachings
Social Classes allowed one to gain royal power
Inequalities— Only wealthy could afford to take
coercive labor civil service exams
Life Styles Three groups-the literate shi, the
ordinary but free subjects, and the
underclass
Women subordinate to men but had
rights. i.e. participation in family
rituals, literacy, education, and
ability to remarry after husband’s
death.
Women had status based on their
ability to produce male children.
Peasants had to devote some days to
public working
Artisans had a higher status than
peasants
Merchants were the bottom class
Qin
INTELLECTUAL, Developed standardized scripts,
ARTS coinage, weights, and measures
Art, Music Construction of Great Wall of China
Writing, Literature Began construction on many canals
Philosophy and roads
Math & Science Advanced military technology
Education Han
Technology Civil service exams were established
at the first century B.C.E.
Brush pen and paper, water mills,
rudders, compasses, porcelain
ceramics
Silk making and new mining
techniques
China
NEAR: GEOGRAPHY To the North: Gobi Desert
Location To the East: Pacific ocean
Physical Huang he and Yangzi rivers
Movement To the West/Southwest: Tien Shan/
Human/Environment Himalayan mountains, deserts
Region
To the Southeast: thick jungles
Notes: