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“Against All the God’s of Egypt”
(Ex. 7-11)
Scripture Reading: Ex. 7:1-6
Accompanying Song: “Psalm 19”
Subject: Serving the Lord
Objective: To demonstrate the need to serve the Lord rather than self.
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Introduction:
1. Lesson taken from Ex. 7-11
2. God promised to bless Abraham making him a great nation (Gen. 12:2).
3. Setting of our story: The descendants of Abraham moved to Egypt during the time when Joseph ruled in
the land (Gen. 46:8-27)
a. During that time, some 70 members of Joseph’s family moved to Egypt and took up residence
there (Gen. 46:27).
b. While they lived among the Egyptians, they prospered and multiplied, becoming a nation within
a nation (Ex. 1:7) “…the children of Israel were fruitful and increased abundantly,
multiplied and grew exceedingly mighty; and the land was filled with them.”
c. God’s promise has come to pass, but one part of that promise is yet to be fulfilled in Gen.
12:6-7 Abraham passed through Schechem as far as Moreh in the land of the Cannanites, the
Lord told Abraham, "To your descendants I will give this land."
d. Keeping this promise, in Ex. 3 God appears to Moses in the burning bush choosing to work
through him to lead Israel out of Egypt and into the promised land (Ex. 3:7-10) “"I have
surely seen the oppression of My people who are in Egypt, and have heard their
cry…So I have come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to
bring them up from that land to a good and large land, to a land flowing with milk
and honey…Come now, therefore, and I will send you to Pharaoh that you may
bring My people, the children of Israel, out of Egypt."
e. God knew Pharaoh’s heart…that he would not willingly let the people of Israel go. “"But I am
sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not even by a mighty hand. "So I
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will stretch out My hand and strike Egypt with all My wonders which I will do in its
midst; and after that he will let you go. (Exodus 3:19-20 NKJV)
f. Pharaoh and the rest of the Egyptians had a polytheistic religion, meaning they believed in
multiple gods.
i. Because Moses came telling Pharaoh that the one true God of the Hebrews (a God the
Egyptians did not believe in) had spoken to Moses and sent him to Pharaoh telling him
to let the Lord’s people go, Pharaoh rejected the Lord’s command. You may recall
Pharaoh’s initial reaction: “Who is the LORD, that I should obey His voice to let
Israel go? I do not know the LORD, nor will I let Israel go." (Exodus 5:2)
ii. The Lord will reveal His power through a series of plagues upon Egypt. Each time
Moses lets Pharaoh know that the Lord is the cause because Pharaoh stubbornly
rrefuses to obey the Lord’s command to let His people go.
iii. With each plague Pharaoh hardens his heart, refusing to obey the command of the
Lord as delivered through Moses.
iv. God strikes the hardened ruler time and time again and finally the Israelites flee.
v. Will Durant, in his book The Story of Civilization (Vol. 1): Our Oriental
Heritage (p. 197) states that “…beneath and above everything in Egypt was
religion. We find it there in every stage and from…we see its influence in
literature, in government, in art, in everything except morality. We cannot
understand the Egyptian…until we understand his gods.”
vi. “Even Pharaoh was a god, always the son of Amon-Ra, ruling not only by
divine right but by divine birth…The king was the chief-priest of the faith,
and led the great processions and ceremonies that celebreated the festivals
of the gods, It was through this assumption of divine lineage and powers
that he was able to rule so long with so little force.” – Will Durant, The Story
of Civilization (Vol. 1): Our Oriental Heritage (p. 201)
vii. Pharaoh is described as God hardening his heart because he “…until now you
would not hear!” (Ex. 7:16)
g. The Egyptian people did not know who the true God was, and thus had no respect for His
commands…but they were about to meet Him and learn respect: The reason the Lord cast
these plagues of judgment against Egypt is revealed when the Lord told Moses, “But Pharaoh
will not heed you, so that I may lay My hand on Egypt and bring My armies and My
people, the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt by great judgments. "And the
Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD, when I stretch out My hand on Egypt
and bring out the children of Israel from among them." (Exodus 7:4-5 NKJV)
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h. And also when He said, “…I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night, and will
strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the
gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD. (Exodus 12:12 NKJV)
i. This was a showdown:
i. As a precursor to these plagues God has warned Pharaoh that He is mightier.
1. When Moses approaches Pharaoh at the onset of this battle of the Gods
Aaron threw down his rod as a divine demonstration before Pharaoh and it
became a serpent.
2. Pharaoh summons his magicians to perform some similar feat.
3. “…every man threw down his rod, and they became serpents. But
Aaron's rod swallowed up their rods. (Exodus 7:12 NKJV)
4. God warns Pharaoh from the onset: If you fight this battle you will lose!
ii. The judgment was not merely a judgment against Pharaoh and the Egyptians, but this
was a judgment Against All of the Gods of Egypt (Title Slide)
1. Was the God of the Hebrews mightier or were the God’s of Egypt?
2. Who rules the land and who maintains the power, Pharaoh (whom the
Egyptians considered a god, or the God of the Hebrews?
3. Is Pharaoh God and do his magicians have mighty power or does the God of
Moses and the Hebrews?
4. These questions will be answered!
4. This is a lengthy history lesson that should give us background and insight into the battle between
Moses and Pharaoh. By the end of our lesson we should see this as a battle between good and evil,
between serving God and serving the false ways of the world. Between stubbornly serving self or
serving the Lord.
5. I want to share some information with you about the gods that Egypt worshipped.
a. When we compare the plagues Yahweh sent…
b. It becomes clear that this judgment was not just against Pharaoh and his stubborn heart but
against All the Gods of Egypt that they served.
Body:
I. First Plague: Water Turned Into Blood (Ex. 7:14-25)
A. Moses approaches Pharaoh in Ex. 7 and tells him the Lord’s command to let His people go (Ex. 7:16).
1. Side note: Ex. 7:7 tells us that God sent Moses and Aaron on this mission of freeing the Israelites from
bondage when they were 80 and 83 years old, respectively.
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2. Point: Never too old to be useful and to serve the Lord
a. What qualifications do an 80 year old murderer and an 83 year old slave have to represent and lead
the Israelites out of bondage? None at all!
b. Yet God used them!
c. God can use you too, regardless of age!
B. Pharaoh feels confidence in his reliance upon his gods and refuses to heed the God of the Hebrews.
1. Because Pharaoh would not hear and hardened his heart…
2. “…"By this you shall know that I am the LORD. Behold, I will strike the waters which are
in the river with the rod that is in my hand, and they shall be turned to blood.” (Ex. 7:17)
3. (Exodus 7:20) “…So he lifted up the rod and struck the waters that were in the river, in
the sight of Pharaoh and in the sight of his servants. And all the waters that were in the
river were turned to blood. (NKJV)
a. Care was taken to assure this was done “in the sight of Pharaoh and in the sight of his servants.”
b. There were no preparations made on the part of Moses…no sleight of hand. One moment Pharaoh
was looking at the waters of the Nile and the next it was blood!
C. From the first blow, God struck at the very heart of Egypt – the Nile River.
1. All Crops, trade, commerce, truly life itself depended upon the Nile.
2. Not only was the water ruined fit for use but the fish, were killed as well.
3. The stench of these waters was so offensive that it forbid its use (Ex. 7:21).
4. The water was completely unusable forcing the Egyptians to hurriedly dig wells for water (7:24).
5. Pharaoh remained in his stubbornness for all seven days the river was blood before the Lord finally
lifted this plague.
6. (Rev. 16:6) God indicates in this passage that giving blood to drink was justice, since the Egyptians
were likely guilty of killing prophets during the 400 years the Jews spent in Egypt, many of those years
spent in mistreatment as slaves.
D. Verse 21 says, “…there was blood throughout all the land of Egypt.” News spread quickly and everyone
became aware of what God had done.
1. This is a case of the most stubborn conversions – confronted with the undeniable miracle, Pharaoh is
forced to admit it happened but still refuses to accept the God that made it happen!
2. Refusing to accept the superior God of the Hebrews, Pharaoh summons his horoscopists (like those
who write horoscopes). These men were astrologers, magicians or prophets in the minds of the
Egyptians.
3. Note carefully: “…the magicians of Egypt did so with their enchantments…”
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a. The battle becomes over whose magic is greater – that of Egypt or that of the Hebrews – whose
gods are mightier?
b. Although it says the Egyptian magicians did likewise, note that what they did could not have been of
the same caliber of the miracle performed through Moses and Aaron:
i. The Nile was already turned to blood.
ii. These magicians were only able to take some water and make it appear as blood.
E. This plague was much more than a battle of the sorcerers – it was an attack upon several of the greatest
gods of Egypt:
1. The Egyptians worshipped the god Khnum (Picture) – the guardian o f the Nile (represented as a
human being with a Ram’s head)
2. They also believed in the god Hapi (or Hapy - Picture) who was the
god of the spirit or the essence of the Nile
a. He was responsible for the Nile overflowing its banks each year
depositing waters and fertile soils all around the river banks.
b. Hapi was also recognized as the god of the fishes and marshes.
c. Because he was the source of fish, water and provided means of commerce
Hapi was in many ways a source of life and wealth and the Egyptians grew to
accredit him for creating the world and everything in the universe.
3. One more of the greatest gods of Egypt defeated in turning the blood to water
was the god Osris (Picture), the god of the underworld. The Egyptians believed
that the Nile was his bloodstream. God made this quite literal.
4. Also assaulted was the Egyptian god Tauret (Taweret –
Picture), the hippopotamus goddess of the river and Nu
(Picture)the god of life in the Nile.
II. The Second Plague: The Frogs (Ex. 8:1-15)
A. Another third time the Lord sends Moses to go to Pharaoh commanding him to let His people go (5:1;
7:16; 8:1).
B. Frogs by themselves would not have been an unusual sight in Egypt. As the Nile crested and then receded
once again, pools of water were left all along the banks of the Nile serving as prime breeding ground for
the frogs. But this was an abundance of frogs – so much so as to be a nuisance!
C. Pharaoh’s magicians helpless
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1. Able to create the allusion of turning water into blood in the past, the magicians are helpless to rid
Egypt of the frogs.
2. (Exodus 8:8) Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron, and said, "Entreat the LORD that
He may take away the frogs from me and from my people; and I will let the people go,
that they may sacrifice to the LORD." (NKJV)
3. Pharaoh is forced to admit that only the God of the Hebrews can take away these frogs…he does not
even seem to ask help from his powerless gods.
D. Seeing a frog, according to the Egyptians was considered to be an appearance
of the goddess Heqt (or Hekt or Heket - Picture), the wife of the creator of
the world and the goddess of birth.
1. Heqt was always shown with the head and body of a frog.
2. Women would wear scarabs and amulets depicting Hekt to protect women
during childbirth
E. Still, even at the end of this plague, when Pharaoh found relief his heart became
hardened once again.
III. The Third Plague: The Lice (Ex. 8:16-19)
A. The Hebrew word, kinnim comes from a root word that means “to dig” meaning that it was probable that
these lice were the type that would dig under the skin (the Hebrew God would quite literally get under
their skin).
B. The Egyptian God Geb (Picture), the god of the earth
was apparently unable to overcome the Hebrew God.
1. “Circumcised priests shaved off all body hair,
including eyebrows and lashes…” (Flaherty, p. 72) i
2. “The priests shave their bodies every other day to
guard against the presence of lice, or anything else
equally unpleasant, while they are about their
religious duties…” (Herodotus, p. 99)ii
3. Therefore, the lice would affectively bring most, if not
all priestly and religious activities to a halt in Egypt.
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IV. The Fourth Plague: The Swarms (Ex. 8:20-32)
A. Moses is commanded to “…Rise early in the morning and stand before Pharaoh as he comes out
to the water. (Ex. 8:20)…
1. Note the reason that the people will go: not merely to free an oppressed people from slavery, but
'Thus says the LORD: "Let My people go, that they may serve Me.”
2. Pharaoh is blockading the ability of the Hebrews serving the Lord!
3. If the Hebrews are not allowed to serve their God, then the Egyptians will not be able to serve theirs
either!
B. Many translators have translated 8:21 to say, that the Lord “…will send swarms of flies…” (Ex. 8:21)
1. The phrase “of flies” should be in italics in your Bible, indicating that it was added by the translators
2. The truth of the matter is, we do not know what the Lord caused swarms of.
3. Some commentators speculate whether it should be understood as one insect, like the fly or myriads of
insects.
C. If there was an Egyptian god of insects, it would have been Amon-Ra
(Picture), the creator and king of the gods, who was often depicted
as having the head of a beetle, though he appeared in several other
forms.
1. Often he was depicted as a scarab (the dung beetle) pushing the
sun across the sky.
2. If this was part of or the actual swarm that God sent upon Egypt,
the consequences would have been most unpleasant seeing that
swarms of scarabs would have mandibles that could saw through
wood, being as destructive as termites!
D. Others speculate that the swarms were the blood-sucking gadfly which caused blindness. Still others
thought it might be the dog-fly that are more annoying than gnats and fasten themselves to the human
body.
E. That this was a direct judgment against the Egyptians was obvious. (Exodus 8:22-23) “And in that
day I will set apart the land of Goshen, in which My people dwell, that no swarms of flies
shall be there, in order that you may know that I am the LORD in the midst of the land. "I
will make a difference between My people and your people. Tomorrow this sign shall be."
This was the first plague where the plague left the Israelites unharmed and the Egyptians in torment.
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F. Thus this was a judgment against Amon-Ra.
V. The Fifth Plague: Diseased Livestock (Ex. 9:1-7)
A. Fifth plague affected the domestic animals of Egypt.
1. Horses and cattle were not only highly valued in Egypt, they were also
viewed as sacred.
2. Bulls and bull-calves were frequently used as sacrifices.
3. Heifers were considered sacred to the Egyptian goddess Isis (Picture).
4. The previous plague of swarms would have been an effective carrier for any disease that would affect
the livestock. In fact, Youngblood states that anthrax bacteria could easily spread in this manner.
B. The Egyptians considered many animals and deities with the head or bodies of animals.
1. The Egyptian god Apsis (Picture) is represented as a bull and was
worshipped in Egypt as early as 3000 B.C.
2. The Egyptians had an actual bull, known as the Apsis Bull (Picture)which
was supposed to be the living image of the god Ptah (Picture). The bull wore a
disc between its horns supposedly borrowed from the god Re.
3. When the Apsis bull died priests would travel through every pasture looking for a
replacement calf with distinctive patches on his neck, back and body.
4. When the bull died
a. The land would mourn just as thought the nation had lost a monarch
themselves.
b. Its body would be embalmed, funeral rites would be performed and it would
be buried in a granite sarcophagus.
5. The Apsis Bull supposedly had the power of prophecy.
C. Hathor was also the cow-headed goddess of love, dance and alcohol.
D. The livestock of the Egyptians died but cattle of the Israelites were not affected
(Ex. 9:6).
VI. Sixth Plague: Boils (Ex. 9:8-12)
A. The Lord commands Moses and Aaron to take ashes from a furnace and scatter it into the air.
1. The ashes will cause boils on the Egyptians and their remaining livestock throughout the land.
2. Even the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the severe outbreak of boils.
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3. Yet, in spite of all this, Pharaoh still would not let the people go.
B. This affront proved the Egyptian god Serapis (or Sarapis), the Egyptian
god of healing, Imhotep (head of a bull) the god of medicine was found
powerless and also Thoth, the ibis (bird)-headed god of intelligence and
medical learning.
VII. Seventh Plague: Hail (Ex. 9:13-35)
A. Again, as each time before, Moses is sent to tell Pharaoh to let his people go.
1. Again, this is to prove who the true God is…that the Egyptians will know that there is no
other God!
2. God warns them that He could have wiped them from the earth, but that was not His
desire.
3. The Lord again repeats His purpose “…I will send all My plagues to your very heart, and on
your servants and on your people, that you may know that there is none like Me in all the
earth.” (Ex. 9:14)
B. The region surrounding Cairo normally receives around 2 inches of rain per
year, so water from the sky was unusual in any form!
C. The plague originated from the sky. Aparrently the Egyptian sky goddess, Nut
(Arched in Picture) was unable to stop the Hebrew God from controlling her
skies!
D. In addition to Nut, where was Shu, the wind god, Horus, the Hawk-Headed sky god of northern Egypt,
and Isis and Seth who protected the crops?
E. All of these gods combined were impotent against the god of the Hebrews!
VIII. The Eighth Plague: Locusts (Ex. 10:1-20)
A. Moses again warns Pharaoh that if he will not let the people go that locusts will come.
B. His advisors council him to let them go. Pharaoh calls Moses back and allows only the men to leave to
serve the Lord feasting in the wilderness.
1. Pharaoh knew that if only the men were allowed to go that they would return for their wives and
children.
2. So Pharaoh was not truly willing to do what the Lord has requested.
3. So the Locusts came.
4. In ancient times locusts could destroy an entire village’s supply of food in a matter of minutes.
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C. Again, where was protection from the gods of Egypt?
1. Nepri (or Neper - No Picture), the god of grain?
2. Seth, (Picture), the god or Ermutet (Picture), the goddess of crops
3. Thermusis (No Picture), the goddess of the harvest?
IX. The Ninth Plague: Darkness (Ex. 10:21-29)
A. The next plague was a darkness over the land “…which may even be felt.” (Ex. 10:21)
1. Absolute darkness – so dark that one person could not see another.
2. Lasted 3 days (Ex. 10:22).
3. Pharaoh finally calls Moses and considers letting the Israelites go until he hears that not only will they
go but all of their livestock shall go with them. Some of them would be used as sacrifices and Moses
did not know what the Lord would require until they would arrive.
a. This was more than Pharaoh could bear, seeing that the Egyptians did not accept the god of the
Hebrews…
b. Also they saw cattle and various other livestock as sacred – how dare the Israelites sacrifice their
sacred animals to their gods!
4. Pharaoh’s heart completely hardens and he refuses to discuss these matters with Moses any longer
telling him to get away and if he Pharaoh sees his face again, Moses would die.
5. At this point, negotiations are over!
6. Moses concedes and agrees that he will never see Pharaoh’s face again.
B. In Egypt, the greatest god was Amon-Ra (See Picture), the sun god. In this
perpetuating darkness, Amon-Ra has been defeated as have:
1. Ptah (See Picture), the god who created the moon and the sun…
2. Atum (or Tem See Picture), the god of the sunset…
3. Shu (See Picture), the god of sunlight and air…
X. The Tenth Plague: Death of the Firstborn (Ex. 11:1-12:30)
A. Up until now, the plagues have been personally bothersome to health, loss of
possessions, food, etc.
B. Now innocent people are going to die, even those of Pharaoh’s own household. It was the
only thing that would finally cause Pharaoh to heed the Lord’s command.
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C. Remember that God is doing this that the people would know the Lord. It is beginning to take effect:
“…the LORD gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover the man Moses
was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants and in the sight of the
people.” (Ex, 11:3)
D. The people are respectful of the Hebrews because they have seen the mighty power of their God!
E. God is going to cause every firstborn among the Egyptians to die.
1. The firstborn would be regarded the future leader of the family. If the son of a Pharaoh, next in line
to the throne.
2. The firstborn would receive his father’s inheritance and held a special place of honor
among his family.
3. All of that was about to be stripped away from an entire generation of Egyptians.
F. Where were the Egyptian gods to protect them?
1. Where was Meskhenet (See Picture), the goddess supposedly present at
the birth of children?
2. Where was Hathor (See Picture), one of seven deities who supposedly
attended the birth of children?
3. Where was Min (See Picture), the god of Procreation?
4. Or Isis (See Picture), the god of fertility?
5. Especially, Selket (See Picture), the guardian of life?
6. Even Renenutet (See Picture), the cobra-goddess and guardian of Pharaoh who
was the embodiment of motherhood.
Conclusion: Practical Applications
A. Have I lost you in all of the Egyptian history?
B. Note: The release of the Israelites from Egyptian bondage is a parallel to mankind’s enslavement in sin.
1. Notice Pharaoh’s attitude and how it is typical of one entrapped in sin and rebelliousness against the
Lord…
2. Pharaoh knows what to do, He knows who is the one saying it - the superior power of the Lord to
anything he has experienced is undeniable:
a. Notice what he admitted in Ex. 9:27 after the hail: “…"I have sinned this time. The LORD is
righteous, and my people and I are wicked.”
b. His magicians are powerless…
c. His gods are helpless…
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d. And yet he stubbornly refused to obey the Lord!
3. Sin is like that.
a. Those in sin know that they should serve the Lord…
b. Many times they know WHAT God wants them to do…
c. Yet, like Pharaoh, they insist on doing things their way and serving only self!
4. Israel was in bondage to slavery. Man is still in bondage – enslaved to sin today.
a. Centuries later, the Lord will send a prophet like Moses to free all of mankind from sin - Christ came
to set men free (Rom. 6:6).
b. Just like Moses’ request to Pharaoh to let Israel go, like Pharaoh, sin can have a powerful grip on an
individual.
c. Remember the plea God sent Moses to say to Pharaoh: “"Let My people go, that they may serve
Me.” (Ex. 8:1)
d. Like Pharaoh, a calloused heart and the enticement of sin can keep you trapped and although you
want to be set free, that calloused attitude (that hardened heart you’ve developed) loves the sin
more than serving the Lord!
5. Pharaoh insisted that His gods were the gods to serve.
a. Ultimately, his hardened heart and refusal to obey the Lord destroyed him!
b. Do you have sin destroying your life?
C. We might look at that and think of how wrong it was that Pharaoh hardened his heart against the Lord
and suffered the consequences…question: Are we any better off?
1. Egypt had over 80 false gods they served.
2. In America we have a lot more than 80 false gods…
3. What false gods are you serving?
a. The god of fear? (Too scared to do what the Lord asks you to do?)
b. The god of stubbornness? (Unwilling to obey the Lord?)
c. The god of God self? (Putting your own personal goals, ambitions and interests ahead of the Lord’s.)
d. The god of pleasure? (Only busy yourself with things that please you rather than those things that
please the Lord.)
e. The god of personal gain? (Putting wealth, personal achievement, careers, and the desire for
material possessions before service to the Lord.)
f. I read a sign outside a local church building that read, “If you are giving the Lord 95% you are
giving 5% too little!” I wholeheartedly agree with that!
i. Remember that when the threat of locusts was on the horizon, Pharaoh reluctantly allowed the
people to go…only the men.
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ii. God was not happy with that response and therefore sent the locusts. Why?
iii. Because the Lord is not pleased with you with partial compliance…He wants total commitment
from the heart!
D. God expressed His anger with Pharaoh – it was the Lord who raised him up and allowed Him to have this
power, that the Lord might show HIS power through Pharaoh but as of yet Pharaoh only exalts his power
against the Lord’s people (Ex. 9:16-17).
1. The Lord has blessed you.
2. Have you used those blessings in a way that honors the Lord or in a way that only serves yourself?
3. Have you served the Lord, or have you served all the gods of self?
E. Maybe your problem is that your heart, like Pharaoh, has been hardened against the Lord.
1. Like Pharaoh who just didn’t care, have you heard Him? Do you care what His word says?
2. Some people claim to love the Lord but in thought, word and deed they betray him every day.
3. Maybe you have not served the Lord like you should. Maybe you have stubbornly refused to submit to
Him by living a life of sin.
F. How can you overcome your sins?
1. The Lord defeated all the gods of Egypt!
2. What must the Lord do to conquer the gods of sin and rebelliousness in your life?
3. Only the Lord can conquer them!
4. Have you ever noticed what Moses did after Pharaoh asked him to ask the Lord to stop the hail?
“Moses said to him, "As soon as I have gone out of the city, I will spread out my hands to
the LORD; the thunder will cease, and there will be no more hail, that you may know that
the earth is the LORD'S.” (Ex. 9:29)
5. That means that Moses left the city, walking through this deadly hail without being harmed!
6. Those who walk with the Lord have absolutely nothing to fear. Those who reject the Lord will be struck
by the hail stones of life!
Invitation:
1. If you have examined your life, and you find you are serving other gods (so to speak), we beg that you
would soften your heart. Don’t be like Pharaoh!
2. The Lord is the answer…He can conquer the gods of self and sin in your life.
i
Flaherty, Thomas (editor). The Age of God Kings. Time Life Books 1987
ii
Herodotus, The Histories. Penguin Classics (third edition). (1996)
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