Diseases
in
Newborn Animals
• New born – day 01 – day 30
• Colestrum feeding in 1st 24 hrs to be done
• Colestrum – nutrient to the calf
Protective immunity
Absorption – 65% 6 hrs later
47% 12 hrs later
11% 11 hrs later
Omphalits (Naval ill)
Omphalits (Naval ill)
• Localized infection in umbilical cord
• Lumen of artery vein & urachea Doens’t
close soon after birth
• Organism can enter through this opening
due to
Poor hygiene
Lack of colostrum
Weak calf
Clinical signs
• 2 – 5 days after birth
• Umbilicus enlarge , worm & painful
• severe infection – Septicemia, peritonitis
Joint ill
Treatment
• Umbilical abscess
• Aspirate & apply Tn Iodine
• Antibiotic therapy - Local
Parental
• Fly repellant
Control
• Calving hygiene
• Early feeding of colostrum
• Apply antiseptic or Iodine soon after birth
Causes of diarrhoea in young
animals
1. Virus – Rota, Corona, Parvo
2. Bacteria – E. coli. , Salmonella, Clostridium
3. Protozoa – Cryptosporidium, Coccidia
4. Internal parasites – Nematode,
Cestode,Trematode
5. Ingestion of excess milk
Rota viral diarrhoea
• Common in calves less than 8 weeks
• Primary site of infection – intestinal villi die
• Replace by immature cells with lack of
digestible enzyme & secrete water &
electrolytes in to the lumen leads to
diarrhoea
Predisposing factors
• Delayed feeding of colostrum
• Inadequate colostrum
• Stress factors
over crowding
Chilling
Heat stress
Infected animals in the herd
Clinical signs
• Severe diarrhoea
• Dehydration
• Depression
• If not treated death within 7 – 1 2 hrs
Treatment
• Maintain proper hydration
• Use IV or oral route
• Milk should be feed through out the
disease in small quantity at frequent
interval
• If systemic signs antibiotic therapy
Salmonellosis
• An infectious disease of man &
animals
• It is an intestinal organism
• Found in farm effluent, human
sewage or any materials subjected to
fecal contamination.
Etiology
• Most sero types are host specific.
Salmonella typi , S. paratypi - Man
S. Pullorum , S. galinarum – Poultry
S. Cholena sus – Pig
S.dublin - Cattle
S. typhimurium – All spp , birds including
man
Occurence
• Word wide distribution
• More prevalent in areas of intensive
animal husbandry especially pig &
poultry.
• Extensive range husbandry
– With overloading
– Hot rainy season
– Stress condition (Eg. Parturition )
– Poor nutrition, Mgt , etc….
Transmission
• Primarily by the fecal – oral route
Salmonella excrete in large no in feces of
infected animals
Environment contamination
Aquire Infection by direct contact with
feces
Food
Clinical signs
In Calves & post parturient adults (S. dublin ,
S.typhimurium
Acute septicemia in neonates
Acute enteritis
Dysentery – fecal matter may contain large amount of
clotted blood.
Inappetance
Loss of condition
Dehydration
Emaciation
Adult animals may abort
Recovery is prolonged
May develop carriers
Clinical signs ………….
Pigs
• Young pigs less than 4 m age, are
clinically affected
• Aneroxia
• Fever Purple discoloration of the
extrimities
• High mortality
• Feces contain necrotic Mucosal debris
Pathology
Cattle
• Affects gastro intestinal tract with
cattarhal to fibrino hemorrhagic
gastroenteritis with acute inflammation of
lymph nodes
• Typhoid nodules in liver & spleen enlarge,
congested spleen
Pathology……………
Pigs
Purple discoloration of extremities
Wet congested lung
Enlarge spleen
Liver fecal pin point lesions
Fibro necrotic enteritis Of colon or
caecum
Diagnosis
Cultural Examination of feces
Treatment
Many AB – Ampicilin , Chlorampenicol
Trimethoprim – Sulpha
Fluid replacement
Control
• Avoid food water contamination
• Animals should be obtained from non
infected sources
• Limited the exposure of young animals to
infection
• Isolate infected animals
• Careful disposal of infected bedding &
carcasses
• Minimize animal movement
• Disinfection