From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 3M
3M
3M Company 3M products are available online directly from the com-
pany.
History
3M started out on the North Shore of Lake Superior in
Illgen City before moving to Two Harbors in 1902. The
Type Public
company moved to Duluth, and then to St. Paul, staying
Traded as NYSE: MMM for 52 years before outgrowing the campus and moving
Dow Jones Component to its current headquarters at 3M Centre in Maplewood.
S&P 500 Component The new campus in Maplewood is 475 acres (1.92 km2)
Industry Conglomerate and has over 50 buildings, including an Innovation Cen-
ter that displays products 3M has taken to market. The
Founded Two Harbors, Minnesota
company began by mining stone from quarries for use
United States (1902 (1902))
in grinding wheels. Struggling with quality and market-
Founder(s) Dr. Danley Budd, Henry Bryan, Hermon ing of its products, management supported its workers
Cable, John Dwan, William McGonagle to innovate and develop new products which became
Headquarters Maplewood, Minnesota, U.S. its core business. Twelve years after being founded, 3M
developed its first exclusive product: Three-M-ite cloth.
Area served Worldwide
Other innovations in this era included masking tape, wa-
Key people George Buckley terproof sandpaper and Scotch brand tapes. By 1929 3M
(Chairman, President & CEO) made its first moves toward international expansion by
Products List of 3M Company products forming Durex to conduct business in Europe. The same
year, the company’s stock was first traded over the
Revenue US$ 26.662 billion (2010)[1] counter and in 1946 listed on the New York Stock Ex-
Operating US$ 05.918 billion (2010)[1] change (NYSE). The company is currently a component of
income the Dow Jones Industrial Average and of the S&P 500.
Net income US$ 04.085 billion (2010)[1]
Founding
Total assets US$ 30.156 billion (2010)[1] The founders original plan was to sell the mineral corun-
Total equity US$ 16.017 billion (2010)[1] dum to manufacturers in the East for making grinding
wheels. After selling one load, on June 13, 1902 the five
Website 3M.com went to the Two Harbors office of company secretary
John Dwan, which was on the shore of Lake Superior and
3M Company (NYSE: MMM), formerly known as the Min- is now part of the 3M National Museum, and signed pa-
Company,
nesota Mining and Manufacturing Company is an Amer- pers making Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing a cor-
ican multinational conglomerate corporation based in poration. In reality, however, Dwan and his associates
Maplewood, Minnesota, United States. were not selling what they thought; they were really sell-
With over 80,000 employees, they produce more than ing the worthless mineral anorthosite.[4]
55,000 products, including: adhesives, abrasives, lami- Failing to make sandpaper with the anorthosite, the
nates, passive fire protection, dental products, electronic founders decided to import minerals like Spanish garnet,
materials, medical products, car care products (such as after which sale of sandpapers grew. In 1914, customers
sun films, polish, wax, car shampoo, treatment for the ex- complained that the garnet was falling off the paper. The
terior, interior and the under chassis rust protection)[2], founders discovered that the stones had traveled across
electronic circuits and optical films.[3] 3M has operations the Atlantic Ocean packed near olive oil, and the oil had
in more than 60 countries – 29 international companies penetrated the stones. Unable to take the loss of selling
with manufacturing operations, and 35 with laboratories. expensive inventory, they roasted the stones over fire to
3M products are available for purchase through distribu- remove the olive oil. This was the first instance of re-
tors and retailers in more than 200 countries, and many search and development at 3M.
1
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 3M
Expansion
The company’s late innovations include waterproof
sandpaper (1921) and masking tape (1925), as well as cel-
lophane "Scotch Tape" and sound deadening materials
for cars. 3M’s corporate image is built on its unique, in-
novative products, with up to 33% of sales each year from
new products.[5]
During the 1950s the company expanded worldwide
with operations in Canada, Mexico, France, Germany,
Australia, and the United Kingdom in large part by
Clarence Sampair. In 1951, international sales were ap-
proximately $20 million. 3M’s achievements were recog-
nized by the American Institute of Management naming
the company “one of the five best-managed companies
The same two signals above, taken in the signal’s intended
in the United States" and included it among the top 12 viewing area (a single lane of northbound traffic). Special
growth stocks (3M).[6] light-diffusing optics and a colored fresnel lens create the indi-
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, 3M published a line cation.
of board games, largely under the "3M bookshelf game
series" brand. These games were marketed to adults and skewed intersections, or dangerous intersections where
sold through department stores, with easily learned sim- a very bright indication is needed. The signals are very
ple rules but complex game play and depth and with uni- heavy (roughly 55 pounds per signal head) and expensive
formly high quality components. As such, they are the to maintain, and removal is frequent in some areas. In ad-
ancestors of the German "Eurogames". The games cov- dition to the 3M Model 131 traffic signal, 3M also mar-
ered a variety of topics, from business and sports simula- keted and sold a retrofit kit for 12-inch (300 mm) con-
tions to word and abstract strategy games. They were a ventional signals using modified M-131 optics, a retrofit
major publisher at the time for influential designers from kit for eight-inch (203 mm) conventional signals using a
the United States of America Sid Sackson and Alex Ran- smaller version of the M-131 optical assembly, a Model
dolph. In the mid-1970s, the game line was taken over by 130 Programmable Visibility pedestrian signal (a M-131
Avalon Hill. with pedestrian signal indications), and a few bi-modal
modifications of the M-131. As of 2007, 3M no longer
manufactures the signals but has continued to supply
parts.
3M’s Mincom division introduced several models of
magnetic tape recorders for instrumentation use and for
studio sound recording. An example of the latter is the
model M79 recorder [2], which still has a following today.
3M Mincom was also involved in designing and manufac-
turing video production equipment for the television and
video post-production industries in the 1970s and 1980s,
with such items as character generators and several dif-
ferent models of video switchers, from models of audio
3M traffic signals installed in Shelton, Washington. Standing and video routers to video mixers for studio production
off-axis from the intended viewing area, these signals are invis- work.
ible to adjacent lanes of traffic in daylight. (A faint glow is visi- 3M Mincom was involved in some of the first digital
ble at night) audio recordings of the late 1970s to see commercial re-
lease when a prototype machine was brought to the
After three years of testing, in 1969 3M introduced its Sound 80 studios in Minneapolis. After drawing on the
first and only traffic signal, the Model 131. Labeled a experience of that prototype recorder, 3M later intro-
"programmable visibility" signal, the signal had the duced in 1979 a commercially available digital audio
unique ability to be "programmed" so it was visible from recording system called the "3M Digital Audio Mastering
certain angles. The Model 131’s "programmability" was System" [3], which consisted of a 32-track digital audio
achieved via masking a clear glass lens with aluminum tape recorder and a companion 4-track digital recorder
adhesive tape.[7][8] It was the first of its type and one of for final mastering. 3M later designed and manufactured
only two of the design in history. 3M sold these signals several other commercially available models of digital
for special-use applications, such as left turn signals, audio recorders used throughout the early to mid-1980s.
2
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 3M
In 1980 the company introduced Post-it notes. In
1996, the company’s data storage and imaging divisions
were spun off as the Imation Corporation. Imation has
since sold its imaging and photographic film businesses
to concentrate on storage.
Today 3M is one of the 30 companies included in the
Dow Jones Industrial Average (added on August 9, 1976),
and is ranked number 101 on the As of 2006 Fortune 500
listing. The company has 132 plants and over 67,000 em-
ployees worldwide, with sales offices in over 200 coun-
tries. The vast majority of the company’s employees are
local nationals, with few employees residing outside
their home country. Its worldwide sales are over $20 bil-
lion, with international sales 58% of that total.
On December 20, 2005, 3M announced a major part-
nership with Roush-Fenway Racing, one of NASCAR’s
premier organizations. In 2008 the company will sponsor
Greg Biffle in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series as he drives
the #16 Ford Fusion. In addition, on February 19, 2006, 3M
announced that it would become the title sponsor of the
3M Performance 400 at Michigan International Speedway
for at least the next three years.
On April 4, 2006, 3M announced its intention to sell
pharmaceutical non-core business. The pharmaceuticals
businesses were sold off in three deals, in Europe, the
The Target Light System, built by 3M at Target headquarters
Americas, and the remainder of the world. Another divi-
in Minneapolis.[13]
sion of the Health Care business, Drug Delivery Systems
remains with 3M. The Drug Delivery System division con-
tinues to contract manufacture inhalants and transder- through a combination of groundwater pump-out wells
mal drug delivery systems and has now taken on manu- and soil sediment excavation."[17] The restoration plan is
facture of the products whose licenses were sold during to be based on an analysis of the company property and
the divestiture of the pharmaceuticals business.[9] On surrounding lands.[19] The on-site water treatment facil-
September 8, 2008, 3M announced an agreement to ac- ity that handles the plant’s post-production water is not
quire Meguiar’s, a car care products company that was capable of removing the PFCs, which were pumped into
family-owned for over a century.[10] the nearby Mississippi River.[18] The clean-up cost esti-
Today, after 100 years, 3M follows a business model mate is $50–56 million, which will be funded from a $147
based on "the ability to not only develop unique prod- million environmental reserve set aside in 2006.[20] The
ucts, but also to manufacture them efficiently and consis- search area for PFCs in the Mississippi River now extends
tently around the world (3M)."[11] to five states, spanning approximately half of the river’s
On October 13, 2010, 3M completed acquisition of total distance.[21] Perfluorochemicals do not break down
Arizant Inc.[12] or degrade in the environment.[17]
In 2002, 3M ranked 70th on the Political Economy Re-
search Institute’s (PERI) list of the top 100 corporations
Environmental record emitting airborne pollutants in the United States.[22] In
In 1999, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) March 2010, PERI ranked 3M at 98th place on the list.[23]
began investigating perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) af- In 2008, 3M created the Renewable Energy Division
ter receiving data on the global distribution and toxicity within 3M’s Industrial and Transportation Business to
of PFOS,[14] the former key ingredient in Scotchgard.[15] focus on Energy Generation and Energy Manage-
3M, the former primary producer of PFOS from the Unit- ment.[24][25]
ed States of America, announced the phase-out of PFOS, In late 2010, the state of Minnesota sued 3M claiming
PFOA, and PFOS-related product production in May they pumped PFCs, a very toxic chemical according to
2000.[16] PFCs produced by 3M were used in non-stick the EPA, into local waterways.[26]
cookware and stain resistant fabrics.[17] The Cottage
Grove facility released PFCs from the 1940s to 2002.[18] In
response to PFC contamination of the Mississippi River
and surrounding area, 3M states the area will be "cleaned
3
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 3M
Operating facilities •
•
Aearo
Avagard Hygiene Range
• Bondo
• Cavilon
• Chrome & Metal Polish
• Clarity
• Coban
• Command Adhesive
• Comply Steam Indicators
• Crimplok
• 3M Purification
• DI-NOC
• Durapore
• Dobie
• Dynatel
• FastBond Adhesives
• Fibrlok
• Filtrete
• Fluorinert
• Gold Privacy Filter
• Hookit sandpaper
• Imiquimod
• Littmann Stethoscopes
• Littmann Model 3200 Electronic Stethoscope with
Zargis Cardioscan
• Medipore
• Micropore Hypoallergenic Skin Tape
3M facility in St. Paul, Minnesota • Microfoam
• Multimedia Projectors
3M’s general offices, corporate research laboratories, and • Natural View protection film
certain division laboratories are located in Maplewood, • Nexcare
Minnesota. In the United States, 3M has nine sales offices • Novec 1230
in eight states and operates 74 manufacturing facilities • O-Cel-O
in 27 states. Internationally, 3M has 148 sales offices. The • Post-it note
Company operates 93 manufacturing and converting fa- • Reddot ECK Electrodes
cilities in 32 countries outside the United States.[27] • Reston
3M owns substantially all of its physical properties. • SandBlaster
Because 3M is a global enterprise characterized by sub- • Scotch Tape
stantial intersegment cooperation, properties are often • Scotch Magic Tape
used by multiple business segments.[28] • Scientific Anglers
Selected factory detail information: • Scotch-Brand Masking Tape
• Cynthiana, Kentucky, USA factory producing Post-It • Scotch-Brite
notes (672 SKU) and scotch tape (147 SKU). It has 539 • Scotchcal Film
employees and was established in 1969.[29] • Scotchgard
• Newton Aycliffe, County Durham, UK factory • Scotchlite
producing respirators for workers safety, using laser • Scotchcast Fibreglass casting
technology. It has 370 employees and recently there • Scotchprint Graphics
was an investment of £4,5 million ($9 million).[30][31] • Scotch-Weld Adhesives
• Steridrape
• Steri-Strip
Products • Stikit sandpaper
• 3M High Visibility Signals: a line of traffic signal • Super 77 Classic Spray Adhesive
devices, with the flagship being the Model 131 12" • Tartan
vehicle signal head. Produced from 1969–2007 • Tattle-Tape
• ACCR • Tegaderm
• Thinsulate
4
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 3M
• Velostat[32] Chief executive officers
• VHB
• Vikuiti 1966–1970 Bert S. Cross
• Wetordry sandpaper 1970–1974 Harry Heltzer
• Microtouch Touch Screens 1974–1979 Raymond H. Herzog
1979–1986 Lewis W. Lehr
Corporate governance 1986–1991 Allen F. Jacobson
1991–2001 L.D. DeSimone
Current officers
2001–2005 W. James McNerney, Jr.
• George W. Buckley[33] – Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer 2005 Robert S. Morrison (interim)
• Inge G. Thulin – Executive Vice President, Chief 2005–present George W. Buckley
Operating Officer
• David Meline – Senior Vice President and Chief Chairman of the board
Financial Officer
1949–1966 William L. McKnight
• Joaquin Delgado – Executive Vice President, Electro
and Communications Business 1966–1970 Bert S. Cross
• Michael A. Kelly – Executive Vice President, Display 1970–1975 Harry Heltzer
and Graphics Business
1975–1980 Raymond H. Herzog
• Angela S. Lalor – Senior Vice President, Human
Resources 1980–1986 Lewis W. Lehr
• Julie Bushman – Executive Vice President, Safety, 1986–1991 Allen F. Jacobson
Security and Protection Services Business 1991–2001 L.D. DeSimone
• Ian Hardgrove – Senior Vice President, Marketing
2001–2005 W. James McNerney, Jr.
and Sales
• Michael G. Vale – Executive Vice President, 2005–present Sir George W. Buckley
Consumer and Office Business
• Frederick J. Palensky – Executive Vice President,
Research and Development and Chief Technology
See also
Officer • Fireproofing
• Brad T. Sauer – Executive Vice President, Health Care • Firestop pillow
Business • Firestop
• Chris Holmes – Executive Vice President, Industrial • Intumescent
and Transportation Business • Passive fire protection
• Marschall I. Smith – Senior Vice President, Legal • Sodium silicate
Affairs and General Counsel • Sterilization (microbiology)
• H.C. Shin – Executive Vice President, International
Operations
• John K. Woodworth – Senior Vice President,
References
Corporate Supply Chain Operations [1] ^ "2010 Form 10-K, 3M Company". United States
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Presidents http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/66740/
000110465911007845/a11-2060_110k.htm.
1902–1905 Henry S. Bryan [2] http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/
1905–1906 Edgar B. Ober Products/ProdServ/Dir/HealthCare/
1906–1909 Lucius P. Ordway [3] http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/
our/company/information/about-us/ 3m.com -
1909–1929 Edgar B. Ober
Who We Are
1929–1949 William L. McKnight [4] MPR: 3M at 100 - on the right path for growth?
1949–1953 Richard P. Carlton [5] "3M Logo". Famouslogos.us.
1953–1963 Herbert P. Buetow http://www.famouslogos.us/3m-logo/. Retrieved
July 28 2010.
1963–1966 Bert S. Cross
[6] solutions.3m.com "1950 Achievements". 3M.com.
2005–present George W. Buckley http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/
our/company/information/history/timeline/
5
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 3M
1950-achievements solutions.3m.com. Retrieved [26] "Minnesota sues 3M over pollution claims". Reuters.
July 28 2010. December 30, 2010. http://www.reuters.com/
[7] Aiming and Masking the 3M M-131 Traffic Signal article/idUSTRE6BT31L20101230.
(part 1) [27] 3M Company SEC Form 10K - Annual Report - filed
[8] Aiming and Masking the 3M M-131 Traffic Signal 2/15/2008
(part 2) [28] http://yahoo.brand.edgar-online.com/
[9] "3M to Explore Strategic Alternatives for its displayfilinginfo.aspx?FilingID=5739314-51571-52309&type=sect&d
Branded Pharmaceuticals Business" (Press release). 3M Company SEC Form 10K - Annual Report - filed
3M. 2006-04-04. http://www.businesswire.com/ 2/15/2008
news/home/20060404005553/en. Retrieved [29] solutions.3m.com
2006-04-24. [30] thenorthernecho.co.uk
[10] Meguiar’s Online - NEWS RELEASE - 3M to Acquire [31] thenorthernecho.co.uk
Meguiar’s, Inc. [32] [1]
[11] solutions.3m.com [33] CEO and Corporate Officers
[12] "3M Completes Acquisition of Arizant Inc.". Yahoo.
http://finance.yahoo.com/news/3M-Completes-
Acquisition-of-
External links
bw-1292836409.html?x=0&.v=1&.pf=personal- • 3M Worldwide
finance&mod=pf-personal-finance. Retrieved 15 • Yahoo! - 3M Company Profile
October 2010. • Google Local’s satellite image of 3M head office
[13] Target Lights create evolving Minneapolis campus
landmark, Minneapolis/St. Paul Business Journal , • 3M Global Company Profile from Transnationale.org
April 11, 2003. • 3M’s U.S. Online Store
[14] Aziz Ullah. "The Fluorochemical Dilemma: What • 3M’s U.K. Online Store
the PFOS/PFOA fuss is all about" Cleaning &
Restoration. www.ascr.org, (October 2006).
Accessed October 25, 2008.
Additional resources
[15] Kellyn S. Betts "Perfluoroalkyl Acids: What Is the • The historical records of the 3M Company are
Evidence Telling Us?" Environmental Health available for research use at the Minnesota Historical
Perspectives Volume 115, Number 5, May 2007. Society.
Accessed October 18, 2008.
[16] 3M: "PFOS-PFOA Information: What is 3M Doing?"
Accessed October 25, 2008.
[17] ^ Cleaning up river site may cost 3M $18 million
[18] ^ Perfluorochemicals and the 3M Cottage Grove
Facility: Minnesota Dept. Of Health
[19] Health Consultation: 3M Chemolite:
Perfluorochemicals Releases at the 3M - Cottage
Grove Facility Minnesota Dept. of Health, Jan. 2005
[20] 3M submits plans to Minnesota for cleaning up
PFCs in the east metro
[21] MPR: Search for PFC contamination in Mississippi
River expands
[22] PERI - PoliticalEconomy Research Institute: Toxic
100 Table
[23] Toxic 100 Index http://www.peri.umass.edu/
toxic_index/
[24] http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/
global/sustainability/
[25] http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/
news/article/2009/02/3m-forms-renewable-
energy-division-54663
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=3M&oldid=467858502"
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 3M
Categories:
• Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
• 1902 establishments in the United States
• 3M brands
• Companies established in 1902
• Conglomerate companies
• Dow Jones Industrial Average
• Manufacturing companies based in Minnesota
• Multinational companies headquartered in the United States
• National Medal of Technology recipients
• Nanotechnology companies
• Office supply companies of the United States
• Publicly traded companies of the United States
• Renewable energy technology
• Telecommunications equipment vendors
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