Final Exam Study Guide Chapters 1-7
1. What are the characteristics of a sustainable society?
2. What are the characteristics of developed countries?
3. What are the characteristics of developing countries?
4. What percent of the world’s population live in developed
countries? Developing countries?
5. What is the Tragedy of the Commons?
6. What is environmental degradation?
7. What is a point source of pollution? Nonpoint source?
8. What are the causes of unsustainability?
9. What is natural radioactive decay?
10. What is nuclear fission? Nuclear fusion?
11. What is kinetic energy? Potential Energy?
12. What is Ecology?
13. What is the definition of an Ecosystem?
14. What factors determine the types and abundance of life
in an ecosystem?
15. What are abiotic factors? What are biotic factors?
16. What are decomposers?
17. What are detritivores?
18. What are detritus feeders?
19. Describe the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
20. Describe what happens to energy as it moves through a
food chain/web.
21. What is the hydrologic cycle?
22. What are the human effects on the hydrologic cycle?
23. How is carbon transferred amongst organisms?
24. What is the definition for nitrogen fixation?
25. How is phosphate release into the environment?
26. Name all evidences for evolution.
27. What is the difference between microevolution and
macroevolution?
28. What is a specialist species? What is a generalist species?
29. What two things are believed to be the cause of
biodiversity?
30. What is the complete definition for climate?
31. What is the definition for the greenhouse effect?
32. What are all of the greenhouse gases?
33. What are the human impacts on the deserts? Rainforests?
Mountains? Grasslands?
34. What is the most fragile biome? Least Fragile?
35. What are the characteristics of the taiga? Tundra?
Wetlands?
36. What are the different zones of the ocean? Describe what
occurs in each zone.
37. What is the importance of wetlands and estuaries?
38. What are the different zones of the lake? Describe each
zone.
39. Why are wetlands important?
40. Where is most of the world’s bio-diversity? Be specific.
41. What is keystone species?
42. What is an indicator species?
43. What is a native species?
44. What is a nonnative/invasive species?
45. What is symbiosis?
46. What is commensalism?
47. What is predation?
48. What is parasitism?
49. What is mutualism?
50. Describe primary succession and how it occurs?
51. Describe secondary succession and how it occurs?
52. What enhances environmental resistance?
53. What are the factors of population dynamics?
54. What are the differences between a mature and an
immature ecosystem?
55. If a population grows beyond its carrying capacity and
then crashes, what happened?
56. Describe what makes up carrying capacity.
57. What is the definition for crude birth rate? Crude death
rate?
58. What social factors affect birth and fertility rates in
different countries?
59. What is age structure?
60. What is the definition for infant mortality rate?
61. Describe the age structure diagram of country with a
population that is rapidly growing? Remaining steady?
Decreasing?
62. What factors lead to urban sprawls?
63. List the environmental benefits of urbanization?
64. How do urban areas tend to alter the climate?
65. What are some advantages to owning automobiles?