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Section 508
Quick Reference
Guide
Version 2.0
Table of Contents
Introduction 1
Overview 2
Background 2
Technical Section 3
Specific Information for each Category within a Standard 3
General Information 3
1194.21 – Software Standards 4
Overview 4
Remember That… 4
References for 1194.21 5
1194.21(a) 6
Windows Shortcut Keys 7
1194.21(b) 14
1194.21(c) 15
1194.21(d) 16
1194.21(e) 17
1194.21(f) 18
1194.21(g) 19
1194.21(h) 20
1194.21(i) 21
1194.21(j) 22
1194.21(k) 23
1194.21(l) 24
1194.22 - Web-based Standards 25
Overview 25
Remember That… 25
References for 1194.22 26
1194.22(a) 27
1194.22(b) 29
1194.22(c) 30
1194.22(d) 31
1194.22(e) 32
1194.22(f) 34
1194.22(g) 35
Section 508 Quick Reference Guide – Page i
1194.22(h) 37
1194.22(i) 38
1194.22(j) 39
1194.22(k) 40
1194.22(l) 41
1194.22(m) 43
1194.22(n) 44
1194.22(o) 46
1194.22(p) 47
General Rules for Compliant Web Pages 48
Quick Tips for Building Accessible Web Sites 49
Telecommunications Products 52
Overview 52
Remember That… 52
References for 1194.23 53
1194.23 (a) 54
1194.23 (b) 56
1194.23 (c) 58
1194.23 (d) 59
1194.23 (e) 60
1194.23 (f) 62
1194.23 (g) 63
1194.23 (h) 64
1194.23 (i) 65
1194.23 (j) 66
1194.23 (k) (1) 67
1194.23 (k) (2) 68
1194.23 (k) (3) 69
1194.23 (k) (4) 70
Video and Multimedia Products 71
Overview 71
Remember That… 71
References for 1194.24 72
1194.24 (a) 73
1194.24 (b) 74
1194.24 (c) 75
1194.24 (d) 76
1194.24 (e) 77
E-Learning and Multimedia 78
Introduction 78
Overview 78
Technical Section 79
Section 508 Quick Reference Guide – Page ii
Remember That… 79
References for e-Learning and Multimedia 79
Equivalent Access versus Alternative access 81
Customization based on User Preference 82
Equivalent Access to Auditory and Visual Content 83
Guidelines for Accessible Delivery of Presentations 85
Guidelines for Accessible Delivery of Text 87
Guidelines for Accessible Delivery of Audio 88
Guidelines for Accessible Delivery of Images 89
Guidelines for Accessible Delivery of Multimedia 90
Guidelines for Accessible Interface Navigation 92
Self Contained, Closed Products 95
Overview 95
Remember That… 95
References for 1194.25 96
1194.25 (a) 97
1194.25 (b) 98
1194.25 (c) 99
1194.25 (d) 100
1194.25 (e) 101
1194.25 (f) 102
1194.25 (g) 103
1194.25 (h) 104
1194.25 (i) 105
1194.25 (j) (1) 106
1194.25 (j) (2) 107
1194.25 (j) (3) 108
1194.25 (j) (4) 109
Desktop and Portable Computers 110
Overview 110
Remember That… 110
References for 1194.26 111
1194.26 (a) 112
1194.26 (b) 113
1194.26 (c) 114
1194.26 (d) 115
Tools to Evaluate 508 Compliance 116
Number of Errors Found 117
Non-compliant version of Survey Form 118
Compliant version of Survey Form 119
RAMP Evaluation of Non-compliant Form 120
Section 508 Quick Reference Guide – Page iii
RAMP Evaluation of Compliant Form 121
Bobby Evaluation of Non-compliant Form 122
Bobby Evaluation of Compliant Form 123
SSB Evaluation of Non-compliant Form 124
SSB Evaluation of Compliant Form 125
Non-compliant Table 126
Compliant Table 127
RAMP Evaluation of Non-compliant Table 128
RAMP Evaluation of Compliant Table 129
Bobby Evaluation of Non-compliant Table 130
Bobby Evaluation of Compliant Table 131
SSB Evaluation of Non-compliant Table 132
SSB Evaluation of Compliant Table 134
Appendix A
Subpart C and D of Section 508
Subpart C – Functional Performance Criteria 136
Overview 136
Subpart D – Information, Documentation, and Support 137
Documentation Requirements 137
Overview 137
Appendix B
Information and Tips on Creating Accessible Products 138
General Accessibility Improvements 138
Best Practice Principles for Accessibility in e-Learning 138
E-Learning Accessibility Checkpoints 139
Tips for Designing e-Learning for…
People who are Blind 140
People with Low Vision 141
People with Color Blindness 141
People who are Hard-of-Hearing or Deaf 142
People with Mobility Impairment 142
IBM Accessibility Checklist 143
Appendix C
Section 508 Evaluation of a USPTO Software System 145
Appendix D
Glossary 146
Section 508 Quick Reference Guide – Page iv
Introduction
We have all had our share of problems determining Section 508 compliance. It is
not easy.
Determining compliance is normally based on three criteria. The first is individual
interpretations of the law. Even though the law has standards, everyone has their
own interpretation of them. Within an agency, the number of people in the process
compounds this. For example, in software development, an agency normally has
the Section 508 coordinator, the software developer, the contractor and the testing
unit, each processing the product based on their interpretation of the law.
The second criterion is the use of accessibility technology as testing tools. This is
not what they were designed for and, consequently, the determination may be
skewed. For instance, JAWS, a software program that reads textual information on
a computer display can be used to review products, but there are certain standards
that it can’t evaluate (e.g., color and screen flicker rate).
The final criterion is the skill level of the evaluator. Using JAWS as an example,
most sighted individuals simply do not have the experience level to accurately
evaluate a product. The only truly accurate method to evaluate products is reading
the code.
To determine compliance is a daunting task. This guide is designed to help you
better navigate the task. The goal is to provide you with techniques that will result
in a 75% level of confidence that the item tested is Section 508 compliant.
We hope you will find this Guide useful. To make the guide even more effective,
we welcome your feedback. Please provide your feedback to:
fred.difiore@uspto.gov.
Table of Contents, Introduction, and Overview – Page 1
Overview
Background
As you know, Section 508 became effective June 21, 2001. This version of the law
requires Federal departments and agencies to develop, procure, maintain, or use
electronic and information technologies (EIT) that provide the same level of EIT
access to people with disabilities as to those without. Unlike the previous version of
the law, the new version includes technology standards and has a legal bite for
procurement-related noncompliant products.
This Quick Reference Guide was originally created by the Accessibility Forum, a
program within the General Service Administration’s (GSA) Office of Government
wide Policy, Center for Accommodation (CITA). In January 2003 the Forum
published Resource Documents that included background material on technologies
and accessibility embodied in the Section 508 Standard. The Access Board staff
and the Office of Federal Procurement Policy’s Section 508 Working Group
reviewed the document. The Working Group requested that the documents be
easier to use. This version of the Guide represents an attempt by the US Patent
and Trademark Office (USPTO) to simplify the Section 508 Subpart B
requirements.
Please keep in mind that all organizations are different and how we have
interpreted the law and created our business processes may or may not work at
your organization. Also, this guide is provided as an indicator towards compliance,
not a definitive testing means for ensuring that Section 508 requirements are met
in a particular EIT product.
Table of Contents, Introduction, and Overview – Page 2
Technical Section
The specific technical requirements of Section 508 Standards are grouped into
six broad product categories:
Software applications and operating systems
Web based information and applications
Telecommunications products
Video and multimedia products
Self contained, closed products
Desktop and portable computers
Any EIT procured product or service that has functionality or characteristics in
one or more of the above categories must meet the standards associated with
the category. If the product or service does not fall into one of the six categories,
the agency must meet Subpart C, 1194.31, Functional performance criteria.
All EIT procurements must meet Subpart D, 1194.41, Information, documentation
and support. Detailed information on Subpart C and D is provided in an Appendix
A of this Guide.
Specific Information for Each Standard Within a Category
The Guide has three technical sections. Each section begins with a general
information summary on the category. The section also includes information on
each standard within the category. The information includes:
The standard as it appears in the law.
In other words… a simplified explanation of the standard
Terms… when applicable, definitions for specific terms
Determine compliance… explanation and quick evaluation techniques to
determine if the product is compliant to the specific standard
General Information
Each technical section includes sources for additional information on that category.
Below are other general information sources:
Access Board (http://www.access-board.gov/508.htm)
Federal Acquisition Regulations (http://www.arnet.gov/far)
CITA Section 508.gov (http://www.section508.gov)
Accessibility Forum (http://accessibilityforum.org)
Information Technology Technical Assistance and Training Center
(http://www.ittatc.org)
Table of Contents, Introduction, and Overview – Page 3
