A B C D E F G H
1 Life History Evolution Trade-off Model
2
3
4
5 Age Age
6 1 2+ n 1 2+
7 10 10 10 11 0
8 A= 1 1 0 A= 0 0
9
10 Numbers over time - no trade-offs Numbers over time - with trade-offs
11 Time Age 1 Age 2 Total pop l Time Age 1 Age 2
12 0 10 0 10 11 0 10 10
13 1 100 10 110 11 1 55 0
14 2 1100 110 1210 11 2 302.5 0
15 3 12100 1210 13310 11 3 1663.75 0
16 4 133100 13310 146410 11 4 9150.625 0
17 5 1464100 146410 1610510 11 5 50328.438 0
18 6 16105100 1610510 17715610 11 6 276806.41 0
19 7 177156100 17715610 194871710 11 7 1522435.2 0
20 8 1948717100 1.95E+08 2143588810 11 8 8373393.8 0
21 9 2.1436E+10 2.14E+09 2.3579E+10 11 9 46053666 0
22 10 2.3579E+11 2.36E+10 2.5937E+11 11 10 253295162 0
23 11 2.5937E+12 2.59E+11 2.8531E+12 11 11 1.393E+09 0
24 Total Number of Individuals in Population
12 2.8531E+13 2.85E+12 3.1384E+13 11 12 7.662E+09 Total 0
Number of Individ
25 over 10 Years
13 3.1384E+14 3.14E+13 3.4523E+14 11 13 4.214E+10 0
26 14 3.4523E+15 3.45E+14 3.7975E+15 11 14 2.318E+11 0
27 15
1.4E+533.7975E+16 3.8E+15 4.1772E+16 11 15 1.275E+121.2E+38 0
28 16
1.2E+534.1772E+17 4.18E+16 4.595E+17 11 16 7.011E+12 0
Numbers of Individuals
Numbers ofIndividuals
29 17 4.595E+18 4.59E+17 5.0545E+18
1E+53 11 17 3.856E+13 1E+38 0
30 18 5.0545E+19 5.05E+18 5.5599E+19
8E+52
11 18 2.121E+14 8E+37 0
31 19 5.5599E+20 5.56E+19 6.1159E+20 11 19 1.167E+15 0
6E+52 6E+37
32 20 6.1159E+21 6.12E+20 6.7275E+21 11 20 6.416E+15 0
4E+52
33 21 6.7275E+22 6.73E+21 7.4002E+22 11 21 3.529E+16 4E+37 0
2E+52
34 22 7.4002E+23 7.4E+22 8.1403E+23 11 22 1.941E+17 0
08.1403E+24 8.14E+23 8.9543E+24 2E+37
35 23 11 23 1.067E+18 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
36 24
-2E+528.9543E+25 8.95E+24 9.8497E+25 11 24 5.871E+18 0 0
37 25 9.8497E+26 9.85E+25 1.0835E+27 11 25 3.229E+19 0 0
Year
26 1.0835E+28 1.08E+27 1.1918E+28 11 26 1.776E+20 0
38
39 27 1.1918E+29 1.19E+28 1.311E+29 11 27 9.768E+20 0
40 28 1.311E+30 1.31E+29 1.4421E+30 11 28 5.372E+21 0
41 29 1.4421E+31 1.44E+30 1.5863E+31 11 29 2.955E+22 0
42 30 1.5863E+32 1.59E+31 1.7449E+32 11 30 1.625E+23 0
43 31 1.7449E+33 1.74E+32 1.9194E+33 11 31 8.938E+23 0
A B C D E F G H
44 32 1.9194E+34 1.92E+33 2.1114E+34 11 32 4.916E+24 0
45 33 2.1114E+35 2.11E+34 2.3225E+35 11 33 2.704E+25 0
46 34 2.3225E+36 2.32E+35 2.5548E+36 11 34 1.487E+26 0
47 35 2.5548E+37 2.55E+36 2.8102E+37 11 35 8.179E+26 0
48 36 2.8102E+38 2.81E+37 3.0913E+38 11 36 4.498E+27 0
49 37 3.0913E+39 3.09E+38 3.4004E+39 11 37 2.474E+28 0
50 38 3.4004E+40 3.4E+39 3.7404E+40 11 38 1.361E+29 0
51 39 3.7404E+41 3.74E+40 4.1145E+41 11 39 7.484E+29 0
52 40 4.1145E+42 4.11E+41 4.5259E+42 11 40 4.116E+30 0
53 41 4.5259E+43 4.53E+42 4.9785E+43 11 41 2.264E+31 0
54 42 4.9785E+44 4.98E+43 5.4764E+44 11 42 1.245E+32 0
55 43 5.4764E+45 5.48E+44 6.024E+45 11 43 6.849E+32 0
56 44 6.024E+46 6.02E+45 6.6264E+46 11 44 3.767E+33 0
57 45 6.6264E+47 6.63E+46 7.289E+47 11 45 2.072E+34 0
58 46 7.289E+48 7.29E+47 8.018E+48 11 46 1.139E+35 0
59 47 8.018E+49 8.02E+48 8.8197E+49 11 47 6.267E+35 0
60 48 8.8197E+50 8.82E+49 9.7017E+50 11 48 3.447E+36 0
61 49 9.7017E+51 9.7E+50 1.0672E+52 11 49 1.896E+37 0
62 50 1.0672E+53 1.07E+52 1.1739E+53 0 50 1.043E+38 0
I J K L M N
Trade-off Model
1
2
3
4
5
6 n Trade-off parameters
7 10 E = 0.5
8 10 z = 2
9 S = 0.5
mbers over time - with trade-offs
10 E Adjusted survival Trade-
11 Total population l 0 0.5
12 20 2.75 0.1 0.495 1
13 55 5.5 0.2 0.48 0.9
Adjusted Survival
0.8
14 302.5 5.5 0.3 0.455
0.7
15 1663.75 5.5 0.4 0.42 0.6
16 9150.625 5.5 0.5 0.375 0.5
0.4
17 50328.4375 5.5 0.6 0.32
0.3
18 276806.4063 5.5 0.7 0.255 0.2
19 1522435.234 5.5 0.8 0.18 0.1
0
20 8373393.789 5.5 0.9 0.095
0 0.2
21 46053665.84 5.5 1 1.11022E-16
22 253295162.1 5.5
23 1393123392 5.5
Total Number of Individuals with Trade-offs
24 7662178654 5.5 in
25 Reproduction and Survival
42141982598 5.5
26 2.31781E+11 5.5
27 1.27479E+12 5.5
28 7.01137E+12 5.5
29 3.85625E+13 5.5
30 2.12094E+14 5.5
31 1.16652E+15 5.5
32 6.41584E+15 5.5
33 3.52871E+16 5.5
34 1.94079E+17 5.5
35 1.06744E+18 5.5
36 5.8709E+18 5.5
37 10 20
3.22899E+19 30
5.5 40 50 60
38 1.77595E+20 5.5
Year
39 9.76771E+20 5.5
40 5.37224E+21 5.5
41 2.95473E+22 5.5
42 1.6251E+23 5.5
43 8.93806E+23 5.5
I J K L M N
44 4.91593E+24 5.5
45 2.70376E+25 5.5
46 1.48707E+26 5.5
47 8.17889E+26 5.5
48 4.49839E+27 5.5
49 2.47411E+28 5.5
50 1.36076E+29 5.5
51 7.48419E+29 5.5
52 4.11631E+30 5.5
53 2.26397E+31 5.5
54 1.24518E+32 5.5
55 6.8485E+32 5.5
56 3.76668E+33 5.5
57 2.07167E+34 5.5
58 1.13942E+35 5.5
59 6.26681E+35 5.5
60 3.44674E+36 5.5
61 1.89571E+37 5.5
62 1.04264E+38 0
O P Q R S T U V
1
2
3 0.1 110
4 0.2 55
5 0.3 36.6
6 0.4 27.5
7 0.5 22
8 0.6 18.5
9 0.7 15.8
10
Trade-offs in Current Reproduction and Survival 0.8
Birth rates needed 13.8
to produce
11 0.9 juvenile survival values
12.2
12 1 11
13 120
Adjusted birth rate, b
14 100
15 80
16
60
17
40
18
20
19
20 0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0 0.2 0.4
21
Current Reproduction Juvenile survival, s
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
O P Q R S T U V
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
W X Y Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
ates needed to produce l = 11 under various
10
juvenile survival values
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
0.4 0.6 0.8 1
21
Juvenile survival, s
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
A B C D E F G H I
1 Optimal Clutch Size Model
2
3 # Attempts / Yr Clutch Size Juv Survival
4 mean = 2 mean = 5 mean = 0.5
5 std = 0.5 std = 0.5 std = 0.1
6 slope = -0.1
7
8 Attempts Clutch Juvenile Breeding Juvenile Survival
9 Individual per Year Size Survival Success
10 1 1 1 0.9 0.9 3
Survival or Success
11 2 1 2 0.8 1.6 2.5
12 3 1 3 0.7 2.1 2
13 4 1 4 0.6 2.4
1.5
14 5 1 5 0.5 2.5
1
15 6 1 6 0.4 2.4
16 7 1 7 0.3 2.1 0.5
17 8 1 8 0.2 1.6 0
1 2 3 4
18 9 1 9 0.1 0.9
19 10 1 10 0 0
20
21 Attempts Clutch Juvenile Breeding
22 Individual per Year Size Survival Success Attempts per Year
23 1 2 6 0.499696 5.996354
Breeding Success
24 2 2 5 0.604802 6.048018
25 3 1 5 0.644611 3.223056
7
Attempts, Clutch, or Breeding Success
26 4 2 5 0.563944 5.639442
6
27 5 2 4 0.592724 4.741789
28 6 2 5 0.463266 4.63266 5
29 7 2 5 0.463524 4.635242 4
30 8 2 6 0.382335 4.588022 3
31 9 2 5 0.436908 4.369076
2
32 10 2 4 0.452003 3.616021
1
33
34 0
1 2 3 4 5
35
36 Individual
37
38
J K L M
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Juvenile Survival Breeding Success
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
5 6 7 8 9 10
18
19 Clutch Size
20
21
22
Attempts per Year Clutch Size
23
Breeding Success Juvenile Survival
24
25
0.7
26
0.6
27
28 0.5
Survival
29 0.4
30 0.3
31
0.2
32
0.1
33
34 0
35 5 6 7 8 9 10
36 Individual
37
38