1 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
2 2-12 September 1997
3 Course Description
4
5 Course Description/Prerequisites:
6 This is for forensic DNA practitioners, those interested in a career in forensic DNA and all stude
7 interested in broadening their understanding of the genetic principles that underlie the forensic application
8 DNA typing methods. Attendance by by crime laboratory staff and other interested biology and law stude
9 and professionals is expected.
10 This two week (72 hour) course is a combined lecture and laboratory (demo) course designed to prov
11 comprehensive exposure to the fundamentals of classical, molecular and population genetics with applicatio
12 specifically for practicing forensic DNA analysts. It will include the principles underlying methods used
13 isolate, quantitate and analyze DNA from biological materials (including RFLP and PCR) that enable
14 detection and analysis of polymorphic regions. The course is divided into the following sections: I. Classi
15 Genetics to include mendel's principles, meiosis and mitosis, sex determination, sex linkage, chromosom
16 mapping and cytogenetics, II. Molecular Genetics to include structure and chemistry of DNA, methods used
17 study DNA (gel and capillary electrophoresis, restriction enzymes, reassociation kinetics, southern b
18 analysis, cloning, PCR, sequencing, and SBH) transcription, translation, developmental genetics/control of ge
19 expression, DNA mutation and repair, recombination, transposable elements, extrachromocomal (n
20 mendelian) inheritance (mitochondrial DNA), and applications of recombinant DNA with an emphasis
21 forensic DNA typing including introductions to the following forensic genetic marker systems: VNT
22 PM+DQA1, D1S80, and STR typing and III. Population Genetics to include measuring, genetic variati
23 quantitative genetics, inbreeding, mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, foren
24 DNA statistics, molecular evolution, and conservation genetics.
25 Critical thinking will be emphasized through problem solving, student assignments and gro
26 discussions. Demonstrations will highlight methods currently being utilized in forensic DNA laborator
27 One exam will be given and the results of the exams will be available after the course.
28
29 Each class is limited to 40 students.
30 This course is POST reimbursable , PLAN IV (to be determined)
31
32 Teaching Methods: Classroom lectures, group discussions, laboratory exercises and exams
33 Student Objectives: Students will be required to demonstrate their knowledge in written
34 assignments, group problem solving and exams.
35 Grading: Letter grades based on final exam and assignments. Attendance at all
36 sessions is mandatory.
37 Prerequisites: A class in molecular biology or biochemistry is highly recommended
38 Preparation: Pre-course reading material. RF. Weaver and PW. Hedrick. 1997.
39 Genetics. Third Edition. Wm. C. Brown Publishers.638 pages. ISBN 0- 697-
40 16000-9
41 Location: Lectures: Trailer I Temp. Class 1, UC Davis Campus Davis
42 Laboratories: 143 Briggs Hall
43
1 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
2 2-12 September 1997
3 Course Outline
4
5 2 September 1997
6 8:30 WELCOME Steve Lee
7 Introduction of Participants
8 Sign In
9 Overview of Course
10
11 8:45 LECTURE Introduction to Genetics Steve Lee
12 Transmission Genetics 2-15, 73-87
13 Basic Terminology
14 Chromosome structure
15 Cell Cycle
16 Molecular Genetics
17 Discovery of DNA
18 What genes are made of and do
19 Relationship of genes and proteins
20
21 10:30 BREAK
22
23 10:45 LECTURE Introduction to Genetics - Continued
24 Mitosis, Meiosis
25
26 12:00 LUNCH
27
28 13:00 LECTURE Classical Genetics - Mendel's Principles Steve Lee
29 Segregation 18-27
30 Independant Assortment
31 Punnett Squares
32 13:45 BREAK
33
34 14:00 LECTURE Introduction to Probability and Statistics Keith Inman
35 Basic vocabulary of probability 28-38
36 Product rule
37 Sum rule
38 Basic statistics and hypothesis testing
39
40 14:45 BREAK
41
42 15:00 LECTURE Statistics Problem solving Keith Inman
43
44 15:45 DISCUSSION Questions- Student Assignments
45
46 16:30 ADJOURN
47
1 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
2 2-12 September 1997
3 Course Outline
4
5 3 September 1997
6 8:30 REVIEW Lee/Inman
7 Review of Terminology, Meiosis, Mitosis
8 Review of Mendel's principles
9 Review of Basic Probability/Statistics
10 Questions/Discussion
11 Review Student assignments
12
13 9:30 LECTURE Classical Genetics - Mendel's Principles Steve Lee
14 Sex chromosomes 100-101
15 Rules of Expression 42-50
16 Polygenic inheritance and environmental effects 50-69
17 10:15 BREAK
18
19 10:30 LECTURE Applications of Mendel's Principles Steve Lee
20 Dominance, Incomplete, Codominance 42-50
21 Lethals
22 Pleiotropy
23 Penetrance and Expressivity
24 Multiple alleles
25 12:00 LUNCH
26
27 13:00 LECTURE Application of Mendel's Principles Cont Lee
28 Sex Linked Genes 50-69
29 Epistasis
30 Genotype-Phenotype
31 Mean/Variance Quantitative Traits
32 Estimating Genetic Variance
33 Paternity
34
35 14:15 BREAK
36 14:30 LECTURE Genetic Linkage and Recombination Lee
37 A physical explanation 104-125
38 Rate of Recombination
39 Linkage Map
40 Tetrad analysis
41 Crossing Over
42 15:45 BREAK
43
44 16:00 DISCUSSION Questions- Student Assignments Lee
45 16:30 ADJOURN
46
1
2 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
3 2-12 September 1997
4 Course Outline
5
6 4 September 1997
7 8:30 REVIEW Steve Lee
8 Review of Sex Chromosomes
9 Review of Applications of Mendel's principles
10 Review of Linkage and Recombination
11 Questions/Discussion
12 Review Student assignments
13
14 9:30 LECTURE Molecular Genetics Steve Lee
15 DNA Structure 130-150
16 Introduction to gene function
17 Basic Mechanism of DNA Synthesis
18 Semiconservative
19
20 10:30 BREAK
21 10:45 LECTURE Molecular Genetics Continued Lee
22 Enzymology of DNA Replication 154-177
23 Recombination of Genes 177-183
24 12:00 LUNCH
25
26 13:00 LECTURE Molecular Genetics Continued Lee
27 Replication and Recombination 177-183
28 13:45 BREAK
29
30 14:00 LECTURE Transcription and Control in Prokaryotes Lee
31 Fundamentals 185-215
32 RNA Polymerases and Promoters
33 Operons
34 Control of transcription
35 DNA-protein interactions
36 14:45 BREAK
37 15:00 LECTURE Application of Gene Cloning (and PCR) Pamela Ronald
38 Agriculture Ch 20
39 Molecular analysis of
40 Pathogen/Plant interactions
41
42 16:00 DISCUSSION Questions- Student Assignments Lee
43 16:30 ADJOURN
44
1 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
2 2-12 September 1997
3 Course Outline
4
5 5 September 1997
6 8:30 REVIEW Steve Lee
7 Review of DNA Structure/Function/Synthesis
8 Review of Prokaryotic Transcription
9 Reviw of Methods used to Study DNA
10 Questions/Discussion
11 Review Student assignments
12
13 9:30 LECTURE Molecular Genetics John Tonkyn
14 Eukaryotic Gene Structure 220-234
15 Chromatin Structure
16 Nucleosomes
17 RNA Polymerases and their roles
18 Regulation of Transcription
19 1045 BREAK
20 11:00 LECTURE Molecular Genetics cont John Tonkyn
21
22 Gene-specific factors for RNA Pol II 234-252
23 Relationship btwn Structure:Expression
24 Post-transcriptional Modifications
25 12:00 LUNCH
26
27 13:00 LECTURE Molecular Genetics- Translation Lee
28 Protein Structure/Function 255-271
29 Ribosomes and ribosomal proteins
30 tRNA 2o and 3o structure of tRNA
31 Amino acid binding to tRNA
32 Amino acyl tRNA synthetases
33 14:00 LECTURE Molecular Genetics- Translation continued Lee
34 The Genetic Code-Triplet code 271-292
35 Breaking the Code- The (Almost)
36 Universal Code
37 Mechanism of Translation
38 Translational Control
39 15:00 BREAK
40 15:15 LECTURE Methods Used to Study DNA Inman
41 DNA Extraction
42 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 146-149
43 15:30 LABORATORY Demonstration of DNA Extraction and
44 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Inman/Brewer/
45 Renfroe/Speer
46 17:30 ADJOURN
47
1 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
2 2-12 September 1997
3 Course Outline
4
5 8 September 1997
6 8:30 REVIEW Steve Lee
7 Review of Eukaryotic Transcription
8 Translation
9 Review of DNA Extraction/Gel Electrophoresis
10 Questions/Discussion
11 Review Student assignments
12
13 9:30 LECTURE Molecular Genetics- Gene Mutation Lee
14 Types of Mutations 295-299
15 How Mutations Affect the Genetic Material 299-305
16 Triplet repeats 305-306
17 Mutagenesis306-309
18 Silent Mutations/Reversions 309-310
19 1045 BREAK
20
21 11:00 LECTURE Molecular Genetics- Gene Mutation Lee
22 DNA Repair 311-318
23
24 12:00 LUNCH
25
26 13:00 LECTURE Methods Used to Study DNA Orrego
27 DNA-DNA Reassociation Kinetics 142-147
28 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs)
29 Cloning 123-125
30 Southern/Northern/Western Analysis 415-441
31 DNA Sequencing
32 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) 459-460
33
34 14:15 BREAK
35
36 14:30 LECTURE Methods Used to Study DNA Orrego
37 Quantitative aspects of PCR
38 Direct Sequencing
39 Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphisms
40 Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis
41 15:00 BREAK
42
43 15:15 LABORATORY Demo - Setting up PCR Inman/Renfroe
44 of Short Tandem Repeats /Speer/Brewer
45 16:00 DISCUSSION Questions- Student Assignments
46 16:30 ADJOURN
47
1 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
2 2-12 September 1997
3 Course Outline
4
5 9 September 1997
6 8:30 REVIEW Steve Lee
7 Review of Gene Mutation
8 Review of Methods used to Study DNA
9 Review of PCR
10 Questions/Discussion
11 Review Student assignments
12
13 9:30 LECTURE Molecular Genetics - Applications of DNA Gary Sims
14 in forensics: Casework - People vs OJ Simpson
15 An overview of the Forensic Uses of 475-478
16 DNATyping
17 VNTRs 459
18 11:15 BREAK
19 11:30 LECTURE Applications of DNA in forensics (cont) Gary Sims
20 Reverse Dot Blot typing systems
21
22 12:00 LUNCH
23 13:00 LECTURE Introduction to D1S80 Pardo/Staff
24 History
25 Advantages in Forensics
26 Discrimination
27 Detection Methods
28 13:45 BREAK
29 14:00 LECTURE Introduction to Short Tandem Repeats Lee/Tonkyn
30 Polymorphisms 460
31 Loci-Multiplexes
32 Applications in Medicine
33 Advantages in Forensics
34 Discrimination
35 Detection Methods
36 Polyacrylamide Gel and Capillary Electrophoresis
37 14:45 LECTURE Quality Control, Quality Assurance, Lee
38 Accreditation of DNA in Forensics
39 Validation, TWGDAM, DNA Advisory Board
40 American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors
41 15:15 LABORATORY Demo: Setting up RFLP of PCR Products Inman/Renfroe
42 16:00 DISCUSSION Questions- Student Assignments /Speer/Brewer
43 16:30 ADJOURN
44
1 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
2 2-12 September 1997
3 Course Outline
4
5 10 September 1997
6 8:30 REVIEW Steve Lee
7 Review of Application of DNA in Forensics
8 Review of PCR based DNA Typing Systems
9 Review of QC, QA in Forensics
10 Questions/Discussion
11 Review Student assignments
12
13 9:30 LECTURE Molecular Genetics-Transposons Steve Lee
14 Bacterial Transposons 322-332
15 Insertion Sequences
16 Eukaryotic Transposons 332-337
17 1045 BREAK
18
19 11:00 LECTURE Molecular Genetics- Extrachromasomal
20 mtDNA Inheritance Ellen Clark
21 Cytoplamic Inheritance 504-518
22 Mapping of mitochondria and
23 chloroplasts
24
25 12:00 LUNCH
26
27 13:00 LECTURE Molecular Genetics- Extrachromasomal Ellen Clark
28 Molecular Genetics of Organelles 518-526
29 Origin of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts 526-529
30 14:15 BREAK
31
32 14:30 LECTURE Application of Gene Cloning (and PCR) Lee
33 Human Disease Genes- PCR used in diagnostics
34 Advanced Genetic Mapping 448-475
35 15:15 BREAK
36
37 15:30 LECTURE Application of Gene Cloning (and PCR) Lee
38 Pharmaceuticals/ Medicine
39 Human Genome 457
40
41 16:15 DISCUSSION Questions- Student Assignments
42 16:30 ADJOURN
43
1 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
2 2-12 September 1997
3 Course Outline
4
5 11 September 1997
6 9:00 REVIEW Steve Lee
7 Review of Transposons
8 Review of Extrachromasomal Inheritance
9 Review of Applications of Gene Cloning and PCR
10 Questions/Discussion
11 Review Student assignments
12
13 10:00 LABORATORY LABORATORY OF STUDENT MATING Lee
14 1. To understand the following concepts: allele
15 frequencies; genotype frequencies; gene pool;
16 genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
17 2. To participate in a simulation of the evolutionary
18 process
19 3. To observe the effect of lethal genes, advantageous
20 genes, and small populations on allele frequencies
21 in a population
22
23 12:00 LUNCH
24
25 13:00 LECTURE Population Genetics Sensabaugh
26 Types of Genetic Variation 532-545
27 Measuring Genetic Variation
28 Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
29 Inbreeding
30 Mutation
31
32 14:30 BREAK
33
34 14:45 LECTURE Population Genetics (Cont) Sensabaugh
35 Genetic Drift 545-554
36 Gene Flow
37 Natural Selection
38
39 15:45 LECTURE Forensic DNA Statistics Sensabaugh
40 17:00 DISCUSSION Questions- Student Assignments 557-558
41 17:30 Adjourn
42
43
1 Genetics of Forensic DNA Typing
2 2-12 September 1997
3 Course Outline
4
5 12 September 1997
6 8:30 REVIEW Steve Lee
7 Review of Pop Gen- Genetic Variation
8 Review of Hardy Weinberg
9 Review of Inbreeding, Mutation, Genetic Drift,
10 Gene Flow, Natural Selection
11 Review of Application of Population Genetics
12 Questions/Discussion
13 Review Student assignments
14
15 10:00 Extensions and Applications of Population Genetics Orrego
16 Frequency of Human Genetic Disease 558-577
17 Molecular Evolution
18 Conservation Genetics
19
20 11:00 Break
21
22 11:15 Questions/Student Review of topics Lee
23
24 12:00 LUNCH
25
26 13:00 EXAM Final Exam Lee/Staff
27
28 15:00 BREAK
29 15:30 "LABORATORY" Detection/Analysis of STRs
30 Interpretation Issues
31 Stutter/Repeat Slippage Lee
32
33 16:30 COURSE EVALUATIONS Lee
34
35 17:00 ADJOURN
36
37