From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia List of Indonesian floral emblems
List of Indonesian floral emblems
garlands called roncen melati. On wedding days, a tradi-
tional Javanese or Sundanese bride’s hair is adorned with
strings of jasmine garlands arranged as a hairnet to cover
the konde (hair bun). The intricately intertwined strings
of jasmine garlands are left to hang loose from the bride’s
head. The groom’s kris is also adorned with five jasmine
garlands called roncen usus-usus (intestine garlands) to re-
fer its intestine-like form and also linked to the legend
of Arya Penangsang. In Makassar and Bugis brides, the
hair is also adorned with buds of jasmine that resemble
pearls. Jasmine is also used as floral offerings for spirits
and deities especially among Balinese Hindu, and also of-
ten present during funerals.
The jasmine has wide spectrums in Indonesian tradi-
Jasminum sambac, the national flower of Indonesia tions; it is the flower of life, beauty and festive wedding,
yet it is also often associated with spirit and death. In In-
Indonesian national floral em- donesian patriotic songs and poems, the fallen melati of-
ten hailed as the representation of fallen heroes that sac-
blems rificed their life for the country. The Ismail Marzuki’s pa-
triotic song "Melati di Tapal Batas" (jasmine on the bor-
There are three categories of floral emblem that symbol-
der) (1947) and Guruh Sukarnoputra’s "Melati Suci" (sa-
ize Indonesia:
cred jasmine) (1974) clearly refer jasmine as the repre-
1. (Indonesian: Puspa bangsa) of Indonesia is Melati putih
sentation of fallen heroes, the eternally fragrance flower
(Jasminum sambac)[1]
that adorned Ibu Pertiwi (Indonesian national personifi-
2. (Indonesian: Puspa pesona) is Anggrek Bulan (Moon
cation).
Orchid) (Phalaenopsis amabilis))[2]
The other two national flowers were chosen for dif-
3. (Indonesian: Puspa langka) is Padma Raksasa Rafflesia
ferent reasons. Moon Orchid was chosen for its beauty,
(Rafflesia arnoldii). All three were chosen on World
while the other two rare flowers, Rafflesia arnoldii and Ti-
Environment Day in 1990.[3] On the other occasion
tan arum were chosen to demonstrate uniqueness and In-
Bunga Bangkai (Titan arum) was also added as puspa
donesian floral biodiversity.
langka together with Rafflesia.
Melati putih (jasminum sambac), a small white flower with
sweet fragrance, has long been considered as a sacred Indonesian provinces floral
flower in Indonesian tradition, as it symbolizes purity,
sacredness, graceful simplicity and sincerity. Although emblems
the official adoption were announced only as early as Each of 33 Provinces of Indonesia also have native plants
1990 during World Environment Day and enforced by law used as floral emblems. This is a list of Indonesian floral
through Presidential Decree (Keputusan Presiden) No. 4 emblems, which represent the provinces of Indonesia.
1993,[4] the importance of Jasminum sambac in Indonesian • Aceh - Bunga Jeumpa (Michelia champaca)[6]
culture predates its official adoption. Since the forma- • North Sumatra - Kenanga (Cananga odorata)[7]
tion of Indonesian republic during the reign of Sukarno, • West Sumatra - Pohon Andalas (Morus macroura)[8]
melati putih is always unofficially recognized as the na- • Riau - Nibung (Oncosperma tigillarium)[9]
tional flower of Indonesia. The reverence and the ele- • Riau islands - Sirih (Piper betle)[10]
vated status of this flower mostly due to the importance • Jambi - Pinang Merah (Cyrtostachys renda)[11]
of jasminum sambac in Indonesian tradition since ancient • South Sumatra - Duku (Lansium domesticum)[12]
times. • Bengkulu - Suweg Raksasa (Amorphophallus titanum)[13]
Melati putih is also the most important flower in wed- • Bangka Belitung - Nagasari (Palaquium rostratum)[14]
ding ceremonies for ethnic Indonesians, especially in the • Lampung - Bunga Ashar (Mirabilis jalapa)[15]
island of Java.[5] Jasmine flower buds that haven’t fully • Banten - Kokoleceran (Vatica bantamensis)[16]
opened are usually picked to create strings of jasmine • DKI Jakarta - Salak Condet (Salacca edulis)[17]
1
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia List of Indonesian floral emblems
• West Java - Gandaria (Bouea macrophylla)[18] [10] "Piper betle". Prosea. http://www.proseanet.org/
• Central Java - Kantil (Michelia alba)[19] prohati4/browser.php?docsid=115. Retrieved
• Yogyakarta Special Region - Kepel (Stelechocarpus 2007-11-04.
burahol)[20] [11] "Cyrtostachys renda". Prosea.
• East Java - Sedap Malam (Polyanthes tuberosa)[21] http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
• West Kalimantan - Tengkawang Tungkul (Shorea browser.php?docsid=97. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
stenoptera)[22] [12] "Lansium domesticum". Prosea.
• South Kalimantan - Kasturi (Mangifera casturi)[23] http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
• Central Kalimantan - Tenggaring (Nephelium browser.php?docsid=105. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
lappaceum)[24] [13] "Amorphophallus titanum". Prosea.
• East Kalimantan - Anggrek Hitam (Coelogyne http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
pandurata)[25] browser.php?docsid=92. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
• North Sulawesi - Longusei (Ficus minahasae)[26] [14] "Palaquium rostratum". Prosea.
• Gorontalo - Gofasa, Gupasa (Vitex cofassus)[27] http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
• Central Sulawesi - Eboni (Diospyros celebica)[28] browser.php?docsid=113. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
• South East Sulawesi - Anggrek Serat (Dendrobium [15] "Mirabilis jalapa". Prosea.
utile)[29] http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
• West Sulawesi - Cempaka hutan kasar (Elmerrillia browser.php?docsid=109. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
ovalis)[30] [16] "Vatica bantamensis". Prosea.
• South Sulawesi - Lontar (Borassus flabellifer)[31] http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
• Bali - Majegau (Dysoxylum densiflorum)[32] browser.php?docsid=123. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
• West Nusa Tenggara - Ajan Kelicung (Diospyros [17] "Salacca edulis". Prosea.
macrophylla)[33] http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
• East Nusa Tenggara - Cendana (Santalum album)[34] browser.php?docsid=118. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
• Maluku - Anggrek Larat (Dendrobium phalaenopsis)[35] [18] "Bouea macrophylla". Prosea.
• North Maluku - Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum)[36] http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
• West Papua - Matoa (Pometia pinnata)[37] browser.php?docsid=94. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
• Papua - Buah merah (Pandanus conoideus)[38] [19] "Michelia alba". Prosea.
• Ex-province Timor Timur (Timor Leste) - Ampupu http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
(Eucalyptus urophylla) browser.php?docsid=107. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
[20] "Stelechocarpus burahol". Prosea.
References http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
browser.php?docsid=121. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
[1] National, Native and Popular Flower of Indonesia [21] "Polyanthes tuberosa". Prosea.
[2] "ASEAN National Flowers". ASEAN. http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
http://www.asean.org/18204.htm. Retrieved browser.php?docsid=116. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
2007-06-08. [22] "Shorea stenoptera". Prosea.
[3] http://www.asean.org/18203.htm http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
[4] Keputusan Presiden No. 4 Tahun 1993 browser.php?docsid=120. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
[5] Toto Sutater & Kusumah Effendie. "Cut Flower [23] "Mangifera casturi". Prosea.
Production in Indonesia". Food and Agriculture http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
Organization of the United Nations. browser.php?docsid=106. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/ac452e/ [24] "Nephelium lappaceum". Prosea.
ac452e05.htm. Retrieved May 8, 2011. http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
[6] "Michelia champaca". Prosea. browser.php?docsid=111. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/ [25] "Coelogyne pandurata". Prosea.
browser.php?docsid=108. Retrieved 2007-11-04. http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
[7] "Cananga odorata". Prosea. browser.php?docsid=96. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/ [26] "Ficus minahasae". Prosea.
browser.php?docsid=95. Retrieved 2007-11-04. http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
[8] "Morus macroura". Prosea. browser.php?docsid=104. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/ [27] "Vitex cofassus". Prosea.
browser.php?docsid=110. Retrieved 2007-11-04. http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
[9] "Oncosperma tigillarium". Prosea. browser.php?docsid=124. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
browser.php?docsid=112. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
2
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia List of Indonesian floral emblems
[28] "Diospyros celebica". Prosea. [34] "Santalum album". Prosea.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/ http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
browser.php?docsid=100. Retrieved 2007-11-04. browser.php?docsid=119. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
[29] "Dendrobium utile". Prosea. [35] "Dendrobium phalaenopsis". Prosea.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/ http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
browser.php?docsid=99. Retrieved 2007-11-04. browser.php?docsid=98. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
[30] "Elmerrillia ovalis". Prosea. [36] "Syzygium aromaticum". Prosea.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/ http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
browser.php?docsid=103. Retrieved 2007-11-04. browser.php?docsid=122. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
[31] "Borassus flabellifer". Prosea. [37] "Pometia pinnata". Prosea.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/ http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
browser.php?docsid=93. Retrieved 2007-11-04. browser.php?docsid=117. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
[32] "Dysoxylum densiflorum". Prosea. [38] "Pandanus conoideus". Prosea.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/ http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
browser.php?docsid=102. Retrieved 2007-11-04. browser.php?docsid=114. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
[33] "Diospyros macrophylla". Prosea.
http://www.proseanet.org/prohati4/
browser.php?docsid=101. Retrieved 2007-11-04.
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Categories:
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• Flora of Indonesia
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