The belief that the United
States needed to look beyond
its own borders to acquire
overseas colonies
imperialism
territories or nations over
which a nation exercises
control
spheres of influence
a policy which holds that the
nation should accumulate
wealth by exporting more
products than it imports
mercantilism
wrote the book The Influence
of Sea Power Upon History:
made a convincing case that the
United States must build a
powerful navy if it ever hoped
to be a world power
Alfred T. Mahan
He advocated that
expansion was essential to
maintain the US spirit and
keep the nation strong
Frederick Jackson
Turner
the idea that English speaking
whites are biologically superior to
other races
"Anglo-Saxon
superiority"
Poem by Rudyard Kipling; most
considered it to be an endorsement
of the belief that white
westerners have a moral obligation
to "civilize" and "help lesser
peoples."
The White Man's
Burden
Secretary of State In 1867,
negotiated the buying of Alaska
from Russia
William Seward
Most people in the US thought
Alaska was a useless purchase
and the transaction was labeled
this
Seward's Folly
Queen of Hawaii when the
United States annexed the
island nation because of
pressure from American sugar
growers there
Liliuokalani
Newspaper owners who printed
outrageous stories to get
people in the US mad at Spain
so we would enter into war
(Spanish American War)
William Randolph
Hearst and Joseph
Pulitzer
Often exaggerated and untrue,
these stories were meant to
sell papers rather than
accurately report the facts
about Cuba
yellow journalism
Are you serious? You don’t know
who Teddy Roosevelt is? Come on
already
Theodore Roosevelt
During Spanish American War
in Cuba Roosevelt become a Lt.
Colonel and commanded this
group of volunteers: San Juan
Hill
Rough Riders
exploded while anchored in a Cuban
harbor. Immediately, the
newspapers blamed Spain and US
citizens called for war
USS Maine
He destroyed the Spanish fleet
in the Philippines during the
Spanish American War, and
seized control of the Philippine
Islands
US Commodore George
Dewey
John Hay, the future secretary of
state captured what most felt
regarding the entire conflict with
Spain when he referred to the taking
of the Philippines as this
"a splendid little war"
The Spanish-American War
officially ended with the
signing of this
Treaty of Paris
promised that the United States
would allow for Cuban independence
by not annexing the territory
Teller Amendment
put limits on what the Cuban
government could do, gave the
US two naval bases in Cuba, and
allowed for US intervention in
the region whenever the United
States believed it was
necessary
Platt Amendment
Roosevelt provided US support,
which helped the Panamanians
win their independence. In
return, the Panamanians allowed
the US to lease the land
needed for this canal
Panama Canal
He crossed the Rio Grande and
killed 19 people in New Mexico.
In response, President Wilson
sent a force of 15,000 troops
under the leadership of General
John Pershing to capture or kill
the Mexican rebel
Pancho Villa
a statement which expanded upon
the Monroe Doctrine. Roosevelt
modified this by saying that the
US will intervene in the region if a
nation had trouble paying its debts;
increased US involvement in the
Caribbean and Latin America
Roosevelt's Corollary
It meant that the US did not
intend to be a threatening
presence in the region, but neither
would it hesitate to forcefully
protect its own interests.
"big stick diplomacy"
President (1908) after Teddy
Roosevelt; dollar diplomacy
William Howard Taft
Taft’s foreign policy the US
could best maintain order in
nations abroad by increasing
US foreign investments
"dollar diplomacy"
Dem, elected in 1912 against
Rep. Taft and Progressive
(Bull Moose) TR
Woodrow Wilson
Wilson based his foreign policy
on the idealistic view that it
was the role of the US to
promote democracy and moral
progress in the world
"missionary diplomacy"
Fearing that European imperial
powers would try to gain
control over Chinese exports
and markets, the United States
insisted on this that would
leave China open to the US and
various other nations for trade
Open Door Policy
Chinese nationalists,
however, wanted to bring an
end to foreign influence in
China altogether. Known as
the "Boxers," these
nationalists massacred 300
foreigners and Chinese
Christians in 1900
Boxer Rebellion
Minister who believed in
Anglo-Saxon superiority
Josiah Strong