ANDREW JACKSON James Monroe The Era of Good Feelings

							James Monroe:
The Era of Good
   Feelings
  James Monroe: 1817-1825
 5th President of the United States
 Last of the Virginia Dynasty and last of the
  “Founding Father” President
 Secretary of States / Secretary of War under
  Madison- War of 1812
 Last President of the “First American Party
  System”- Federalists (Hamilton) and
  Republicans (Jefferson)
 Due to the lack of political “conflict” his
  presidency is known as the “Era of Good
  Feelings”                                  en.wikipedia.org
James Monroe

  To bring unity and stability to
   government, he chose people from all
   over (North & South, Republicans &
   Federalists) for his cabinet
  Sec. of State: John Quincy Adams
  Sec. of War: John C. Calhoun (War
   Hawk)
  The AMERICAN SYSTEM
 AMERICAN SYSTEM: The program of
  government subsides favored by Henry Clay
  and his followers to promote American
  economic growth and protect domestic
  manufacturers from foreign competition
 Supported by Monroe & was a break from
  the Jeffersonian view of an agrarian nation,
  although Republicans began to see the need
  for government involvement in economic
  matters
        Second Bank of the
          United States
 Was given a 20 year charter in 1816
 The fear of a concentrated economic power, the
  Jeffersonian Republicans allowed the First
  Bank of the United States to expire in 1811
 The re-charter of the bank demonstrated the
  importance and strength of commercial
  interests had grown to rival that of farmers,
  whose distrust for central banks persisted.
     Diplomacy of John Q. Adams
 The diplomatic achievements during the Era of Good
  Feelings was the result of J.Q. Adams
 Rush-Bagot Treaty of 1817 & Convention of 1818:
  Fixed the border between the US and Canada at the 49th
  parallel and resolved the conflict over British claims to
  Oregon- agreed to jointly occupy it for 10 (but actually 20)
  years. Also demilitarized the Great Lakes because of
  limits on ships that be kept there
 Transcontinental Treaty of 1819 (Adams-Onis): Spain
  agreed to cede Florida and drop all claims to the
  Louisiana Territory and Oregon and the US would
  relinquish claims on Texas and take responsibility of
  the $5 million in claims that US citizens had against
  Spain
                   Monroe Doctrine: 1823
 Came up by J.Q. Adams
 The US was first country to recognize
  independence of Spain’s former colonies in
  Latin America
 Stated the Europeans had no right to colonize
  or other wise interfere in the affairs of America
         United States wanted to remain neutral of
          European affairs (as encouraged by G.
          Washington)
         Defining in American diplomatic history
         Stated any violation of this policy by European
          powers would be seen as hostile
         Translation: This is our playground and you can’t
          play on our monkey bars
en.wikipedia.org
The Panic of 1819
 During the War of 1812 and Napoleonic Wars-
  American shipping was able to capitalize on the
  lack of British trading
 As Britain recovered, American foodstuffs
  declined and American farmers & shippers
  suffered
 Land sales ballooned and people bought on
  credit- when the 2nd Bank of the United States
  forced banks to call in loans, default happened- the
  land owners blamed the bank- a sentiment that
  Andrew Jackson will use to his advantage
  The Panic of 1819
 Northern manufacturers were also suffering
  because of the re-emergence of the British- the
  laid off workers blamed the merchants and
  owners- Jackson will used that to his
  advantage
 KEY IDEA: In order to protect the northern
  merchants a tariff on imported goods was
  imposed (and increased in 1824 over
  Southern objections) that hurt southerners-
  they begin to question their place in a
  country in which their voice was not heard
  Missouri Compromise of
           1820
 AKA Compromise of 1820: Henry Clay-
  “The Great Pacificator”
 Passed between pro-slavery and anti-
  slavery forces in Congress
 Brought Maine into the nation as a free
  state to keep the balance
 Limited Slavery in the Louisiana
  Territory (except Missouri) and
  North of 36 Latitude
John Quincy Adams

President # 6: 1825-1829



                           incwell.com
  The Corrupt Bargain
 Election of 1824 ended the “Era of Good
  Feelings”
 There was no clear winner in the electoral
  college, so the election went to the House of
  Representatives
 Henry Clay threw his support towards J.Q.
  Adams- not uncommon, but when Adams made
  Clay his Sec. of State Jackson and his
  supporters were up in arms- this became the
  Corrupt Bargain
http://bill.ballpaul.net/iaph/main.php?g2_itemId=426
  Miserable Existence
 Little highlights from his 4 years as President
 Attempted to expand on Clay’s American
  System- but was stopped by Congress
 Helped to extend the national road to help win
  Western votes
 Congress blocked him from attending a
  conference on South American affairs
Van Buren and the Tariff
 By 1828, Van Buren was a leader of the opposition and
  an ardent supporter of Andrew Jackson. Recognizing
  the divisions which marked the administration's position on
  the tariff, he led a campaign shaped to set high tariffs
  to protect mid-Atlantic and western agricultural
  interests—levies on raw wool, flax, molasses, hemp, and
  distilled spirits.
 The new rates were particularly restrictive of textile
  imports and damaging to a market of British
  manufacturers upon whom southern planters were
  dependent. One southern legislature after another
  denounced the tariff as unconstitutional, unjust, and
  oppressive. The Virginia legislature called it the "Tariff of
  Abominations."
                         http://millercenter.org/president/jqadams/essays/biography/4