Immunology for Nurses
1. the tissues of the body that comprise the immune system are
A. bone marrow
B. connective tissues
C. lymphocytic tissues
D. myelocytic tissues
E. hematopoietic cells
Answer: C
2. an example of an acquired immune response
A. antibody production
B. histamine release
C. phagocytosis
D. chemotaxis of neutrophils
E. lysosomal degranulation
Answer: A
3. an immunogen is
A. an incomplete antigen
B. a biochemical mediator
C. immunostimulatory
D. a hapten
E. a cellular mediator
Answer: C
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4. the ontogeny of immunoresponsive tissues
A. arises from primative cells of the hindgut
B. arises from endothelial cells
C. differentiates from myelocytic cells
D. arises from plasma cells
E. arises from primative cells of the bone marrow
Answer: E
5. immunoresponsiveness depends on the capacity of an individual to
A. bind complement
B. genetically recognize antigen
C. neutralize antibody
D. inhibit mitosis
E. inactivate antigen
Answer: B
6. the antibody molecule with the longest half-life concentration in blood serum
A. igm
B. iga
C. igg
D. igd
E. ige
Answer: C
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7. the antibody molecule with the shortest half-life concentration in blood serum
A. igm
B. iga
C. igg
D. igd
E. secretory iga
Answer: D
8. an immune response refers to
A. specific antibody production
B. induced sensitized lymphocytes
C. both
D. neither
Answer: C
9. the following activities are associated with t lymphocytes
A. regulation
B. cell killing
C. cell-mediated immunity
D. a,b and c
E. none of the above
Answer: D
10. the antigenic designation for l chains
A. is either kappa or lambda
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B. is kappa and lambda
C. is exclusively lambda
D. is exclusively kappa
E. none of the above
Answer: A
11. the predominate serum immunoglobulin in a secondary response is
A. igm
B. igg
C. iga
D. igd
E. ige
Answer: B
12. an immunoglobulin associated with immediate-type allergenic reactions is
A. igm
B. igx
C. iga
D. igd
E. ige
Answer: E
13. an example of a bursal equivalent tissue in mammals
A. liver
B. thymus
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C. peyer's patches
D. a,b and c
E. none of the above
Answer: C
14. the fc region of the igg molecule is associated with
A. antigen binding
B. complement fixation
C. both
D. neither
Answer: B
15. the immunoglobulin /expected/ to be in the highest concentration in the serum of a normal neonate
A. igm
B. iga
C. igg
D. ige
E. igd
Answer: C
16. the first immunoglobulin synthesized by a neonate's response to antigen
A. igm
B. iga
C. igg
D. ige
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E. igd
Answer: A
17. recognition molecules for immunogens on the surface of b cells are
A. hla molecules
B. adenyl cyclase
C. complement
D. fc receptors
E. immunoglobulin
Answer: E
18. immunogens are composed of carrier and haptenic determinants in their molecular structure which
A. are destroyed in antigen processing
B. appear to react differentially with t and b cells
C. resist proteolytic breakdown
D. are called light chains
E. neutralize antibody
Answer: B
19. the primary immune response is
A. inhibited by t suppressor cells
B. characterized by limited igm production
C. characterized by abundant igg production
D. augmented by t helper cells
E. none of the above
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Answer: B
20. immunogens are antigens that can
A. form haptens
B. activate recognition lymphocytes
C. activate complement
D. exhibit chemotactic activity
E. have null determinants
Answer: B
21. products of the immune response are
A. hapten and carrier determinants
B. antigens and t cells
C. immunogens and b cells
D. antibodies and sensitized lymphocytes
E. complement and macrophages
Answer: D
22. the predominate immunoglobulin in saliva and respiratory fluids
A. igm
B. iga
C. igg
D. igd
E. ige
Answer: B
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23. haptens
A. are /not/immunogenic
B. react with antibody
C. both
D. neither
Answer: C
24. antibody -secreting cells are derived from the
A. thymus
B. bone marrow
C. both
D. neither
Answer: B
25. an example of an innate immune response
A. antibody production
B. lymphokine elaboration
C. phagocytosis
D. a, b and c
E. none of the above
Answer: C
26. the electrophorectic distribution of serum proteins is based on
A. molecular structure
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B. molecular weight
C. amino acid sequence
D. size and charge
E. covalent bonding
Answer: D
27. an example of an immunoglobulin that exists in a multivalent state
A. igg
B. iga
C. igd
D. ige
E. a, b and c
Answer: B
28. the origin of the b lymphocyte is
A. the spleen
B. the yolk sac
C. the thymus
D. blood
E. messenteric lymph nodes
Answer: B
29. the following white blood cells are involved in phagocytosis
A. plasma cells
B. monocytes
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C. both
D. neither
Answer: B
30. which factor(s) may contribute to a person's suceptibility to an infectious disease?
A. nutrition
B. physical stress
C. age
D. a,b and c
E. none of the above
Answer: D
31. the circulating precursors of macrophages are
A. basophiles
B. neutrophiles
C. monocytes
D. t lymphocytes
E. b lymphocytes
Answer: C
32. neonates have immunity to certain infectious diseases that they acquire from their mothers. this immunity
is called
A. innate
B. active artificial
C. active natural
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D. passive natural
E. passive artificial
Answer: D
33. erythroblastosis fetalis is
A. a disease of women which occurs with pregnancy
B. a hemolytic disease in the mother caused by fetal igg antibody against maternal red cell antigens
C. a hemolytic disease which only affects the first normal female child
D. a hemolytic disease in the newborn caused by maternal igg against fetal red cell antigens.
E. none of the above
Answer: D
34. non specific resistance is
A. due to immunization
B. acquired after illness
C. an antibody response directed toward an organism
D. a complex innate system which interacts to protect the host from infection.
E. none of the above
Answer: D
35. anaphylactic reactions result from the combinations of allergens with homocytotrophic antibody of the
immunoglobulin class
A. igm
B. igd
C. ige
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D. a, b and c
E. neither
Answer: C
36. the fundamental lesion in an immune complex disease
A. is an expression of delayed type hypersensitivity
B. is dependent upon neutrophiles and complement for expression
C. is a type iv coombs-gell reaction
D. is an antigen-antibody reaction
E. a,b and c
Answer: B
37. bcg, used to protect against tuberculosis, is composed of
A. killed human tubercle bacilli
B. killed bovine tubercle bacilli
C. attenuated bovine tubercle bacilli
D. attenuated human tubercle bacilli
E. a toxoid
Answer: C
38. histocompatibility antigens
A. may influence an individual's susceptibility to disease
B. are found associated with nucleated cells
C. both
D. neither
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Answer: C
39. which of the following immunoglobulins cross the placental barrier?
A. igm
B. iga
C. igg
D. igd
E. ige
Answer: C
40. asthma is an immediate hypersensitvity that involves ige and
A. macrophages
B. antibodies
C. basophiles
D. eosinophiles
E. monocytes
Answer: C
41. lupus erythematosis and myasthenia gravis are examples of
A. infectious diseases
B. nosocomial infections
C. metabolic diseases
D. autoimmune diseases
E. hypersensitivities
Answer: D
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42. humans are not susceptible to canine distemper. we refer to this kind of immunity as
A. active
B. passive
C. artificial
D. nosocomial
E. innate
Answer: E
43. antibody molecules of the igg class are
A. products of plasma cells
B. contain 2 heavy and 2 light chains
C. possess gamma isotype on the h chain
D. part of the gamma globulin fraction of serum
E. all of the above
Answer: E
44. which of the following is not an immediate hypersensitive reaction
A. infectious allergy
B. serum sickness
C. arthus reaction
D. asthma
E. anaphylaxis
Answer: A
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45. which of the following is not a humoral response
A. serum sickness
B. cutaneous dermatitis
C. arthus reaction
D. asthma
E. anaphylaxis
Answer: B
46. adherence of bacteria to a phagocytic cell is called
A. degranulation
B. chemotaxis
C. opsonization
D. cytolysis
E. none of the above
Answer: C
47. the study on the occurrence and spread of diseases is called
A. bacteriology
B. microbiology
C. epidemiology
D. mycology
E. ornithology
Answer: C
48. what portion of the igg molecule has a special affinity for antigen
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A. cooh terminus end
B. l chain
C. fab site
D. fc site
E. activation site
Answer: C
49. allograft transplantation is the
A. transfer of grafts between individuals of the same species
B. transfer among species
C. both
D. neither
Answer: A
50. t lymphocytes are associated with
A. cell mediated immunitty
B. humoral immunity
C. both
D. neither
Answer: C
51. b lymphocytes are associated with
A. cell mediated immunity
B. humoral immunity
C. both
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D. neither
Answer: B
52. complement is associated with
A. innate immunity
B. chemotaxis
C. opsonization
D. immune complex disease
E. all of the above
Answer: E
53. a single most important factor distinguishing an immunological event is
A. phagocytosis
B. antibody
C. opsonin
D. memory
E. mast cell degranulation
Answer: D
54. grafted tissue from genetically different individuals of the same species is called
A. a xenograft
B. an allograft
C. an autograft
D. a, b and c
E. none of the above
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Answer: B
55. a student nurse is given an injection of a modified antigen. which of the following did the nurse receive?
A. gamma globulin
B. antitoxin
C. immune serum
D. toxoid
E. igm
Answer: D
56. the immunoglobulin characteristically associated with an anamnestic response
A. igm
B. iga
C. igg
D. igd
E. ige
Answer: C
57. the stimulation of immune resistant factors by the administration of attenuated viruses is called
A. anergy
B. artificial passive immunity
C. artificial active immunity
D. naturally passive immunity
E. naturally active immunity
Answer: C
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58. the hla system in humans is responsible for
A. humoral immune responses
B. cell mediated immune responses
C. complement mediation
D. a, b and c
E. none of the above
Answer: D
59. the serum protein with the slowest electrophoretic migration
A. albumin
B. histamine
C. beta globulin
D. alpha 1 globulin
E. alpha globulin
Answer: C
60. anaphylaxis, the prototype of immediate type hypersensitivity reactions, is an example of
A. humoral immunity
B. cell mediated immunity
C. both
D. neither
Answer: A
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61. case: a neonate presented with repeated severe infections, low immunoglobulin levels and a low t-cell
population. the diagnosis is:
A. autoimmune disease
B. immediate hypersensitivity
C. immune deficiency disease
D. delayed type hypersensitivity
E. none of the above
Answer: C
62. characteristics that distinguish specific acquired immunity from nonspecific responses are:
A. specificity
B. memory
C. phagocytosis
D. a and b
E. a,b and c
Answer: D
63. the major complications of immunosuppression are
A. increase risk of allograft rejection
B. development of neoplasms
C. increased susceptibility to infection
D. gradual dysfunction of allograft
E. b and c
Answer: E
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64. a molecule that possesses both antigenicity and immunogenicity
A. antigen
B. hapten
C. both
D. neither
Answer: A
65. has the ability to specifically interact with antibody
A. antigen
B. hapten
C. both
D. neither
Answer: C
66. the majority of circulating lymphocytes are
A. b cells
B. t cells
C. null cells
D. nk cells
E. b and c
Answer: B
67. passive acquired immunity is accomplished by means of
A. transplancental transfer of maternal igg antibody
B. immunization with gamma globulin
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C. both
D. neither
Answer: C
68. consideration of anamnesis is most important when defining
A. innate immunity
B. natural immunity
C. nonspecific immunity
D. acquired immunity
E. a and b
Answer: D
69. the following are examples of humorally-mediated immunity
A. arthus reaction
B. anaphylaxis
C. serum sickness
D. a and b
E. a,b and c
Answer: E
70. an active acquired immunity may result from
A. a subclinical infection
B. a clinical episode due to an infectious disease
C. immunization with appropriate antigen
D. a and b
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E. a,b and c
Answer: E
71. delayed-type hypersensitivity is
A. humorally-mediated
B. cell-mediated
C. lymphokine-mediated
D. b and c
E. a,b and c
Answer: D
72. complement is
A. the primary mediator of antigen-antibody reactions.
B. an inducer of phagocytic chemotaxis
C. cytolytic
D. a,b and c
E. a and c
Answer: D
73. an immune complex disease
A. requires complement
B. is a cell-mediated reaction
C. is an immediate hypersensitivity
D. a and c
E. a and b
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Answer: D
74. the lymphatic tissue that responds actively to antigenic stimulation
A. lymph nodes
B. spleen
C. buccal-associated lymphoid tissue
D. a,b and c
E. a and b
Answer: D
75. the capacity to stimulate the formation of antibody:
A. immunogenicity
B. specificity
C. both
D. neither
Answer: A
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