SL HL
ESS as an IB subject – 1 ESS as an IB subject – 1
What is Biology? – 1 What is Biology? – 1
Core 80 Core 80
Topic 1: Statistical analysis 2 Topic 1: Statistical analysis 2
Topic 2: Cells 12 Topic 2: Cells 12
Topic 3: The chemistry of life 15 Topic 3: The chemistry of life 15
Topic 4: Genetics 15 Topic 4: Genetics 15
Topic 5: Ecology and evolution 16 Topic 5: Ecology and evolution 16
Topic 6: Human health and physiology 20 Topic 6: Human health and physiology 20
- AHL 55
Topic 7: Nucleic acids and proteins 11
Topic 8: Cell respiration and photosynthesis 10
Topic 9: Plant science 11
Topic 10: Genetics 6
Topic 11: Human health and physiology 17
Options 15 Options 22
Option C: Cells and energy 15 Option G: Ecology and conservation 22
Option G: Ecology and conservation 15 Option H: Further human physiology 22
Core 80
Topic 1: Statistical analysis 2
Topic 2: Cells 12
2.1 Cell theory 3
2.2 Prokaryotic cells 1
2.3 Eukaryotic cells 3
2.4 Membranes 3
2.5 Cell division 2
Topic 3: The chemistry of life 15
3.1 Chemical elements and water 2
3.2 Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins 2
3.3 DNA structure 1
3.4 DNA replication 1
3.5 Transcription and translation 2
3.6 Enzymes 2
3.7 Cell respiration 2
3.8 Photosynthesis 3
Topic 4: Genetics 15
4.1 Chromosomes, genes, alleles and mutations 2
4.2 Meiosis 3
4.3 Theoretical genetics 5
4.4 Genetic engineering and biotechnology 5
Topic 5: Ecology and evolution 16
5.1 Communities and ecosystems 5
5.2 The greenhouse effect 3
5.3 Populations 2
5.4 Evolution 3
5.5 Classification 3
Topic 6: Human health and physiology 20
6.1 Digestion 3
6.2 The transport system 3
6.3 Defence against infectious disease 3
6.4 Gas exchange 2
6.5 Nerves, hormones and homeostasis 6
6.6 Reproduction 3
AHL 55
Topic 7: Nucleic acids and proteins 11
7.1 DNA structure 2
7.2 DNA replication 2
7.3 Transcription 2
7.4 Translation 2
7.5 Proteins 1
7.6 Enzymes 2
Topic 8: Cell respiration and photosynthesis 10
8.1 Cell respiration 5
8.2 Photosynthesis 5
Topic 9: Plant science 11
9.1 Plant structure and growth 4
9.2 Transport in angiospermophytes 4
9.3 Reproduction in angiospermophytes 3
Topic 10: Genetics 6
10.1 Meiosis 2
10.2 Dihybrid crosses and gene linkage 3
10.3 Polygenic inheritance 1
Topic 11: Human health and physiology 17
11.1 Defence against infectious disease 4
11.2 Muscles and movement 4
11.3 The kidney 4
11.4 Reproduction 5
Options
Option C: Cells and energy 15
C1 Proteins 1
C2 Enzymes 2
C3 Cell respiration 6
C4 Photosynthesis 6
Option G: Ecology and conservation 15/22
Core (SL and HL) 15
G1 Community ecology 5
G2 Ecosystems and biomes 4
G3 Impacts of humans on ecosystems 6
Extension (HL only) 7
G4 Conservation of biodiversity 3
G5 Population ecology 4
Option H: Further human physiology 22
H1 Hormonal control 3
H2 Digestion 4
H3 Absorption of digested foods 2
H4 Functions of the liver 3
H5 The transport system 5
H6 Gas exchange 5
Topic 0: “Biology as an IB subject” and “What is Biology”?
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка знаний
и Домашнее
задание
Biology as Biology IB.ppt 1) Важная информация; -
an IB Guide.pdf 2) Вид обучения;
subject Changes to the 3) Диск
guide.pdf
Corrections to the
guide.pdf
FAQ.pdf
What is What is biology.ppt 1) Define biology. Эссе на тему
Biology? 2) What are the basic characteristics of «What are the basic
life? Explain them. characteristics of
3)What do biologists do? life?»
4)What are biological disciplines? Is
there overlap with other disciplines?
5)What is the scientific method?
6)How do we design experiments.
7)What are the possible careers for
biologists?
Topic 1: Statistical analysis.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка знаний
и Домашнее
задание
Intro P 1-2 1) Why do we use statistics in Biology? -
1.1.1. State P 2-3 1) Define and explain mean, range, error P 9 (1)
that error bars IBG 1 bars and standard deviation.
are a
graphical
representation
of the
variability of
data
1.1.2. P 4-6 -
Calculate the IBG 1
mean and
standard
deviation of a
set of values
1.1.3. State P 4-6 P 9 (2)
that the term IBG 1
standard
deviation is
used to
summarize
the spread of
values around
the mean, and
that 68% of
the values fall
within one
standard
deviation of
the mean
1.1.4. Explain P 4-6 P 9 (3)
how the IBG 1
standard
deviation is
useful for
comparing
the means
and the
spread of data
between two
or more
samples
1.1.5. Deduce P 6-7 P 9 (4)
the IBG 2
significance
of the
difference
between two
sets of data
using
calculated
values for t
and the
appropriate
tables
1.1.6. Explain P 8-9 P 9 (5, 6)
that the IBG 2 CC 15, 21, 29, 38,
existence of a 52, 73, 76, 100,
correlation 113, 125, 132, 142,
does not 154, 166, 175, 226
establish that
there is a
causal
relationship
between two
variables
Topic 2: Cells.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro P 12 1) Why do we care about this -
topic?
2.1.1 Outline P 13 1) What are the 3 concepts of -
the cell CC 7 the cell theory?
theory IBG 3
2.1.2 Discuss P 13 1) What is the evidence for the -
the evidence IBG 3 cell theory?
for the cell
theory
2.1.3 State P 13 1) What are unicellular CC 10, 11
that CC 10 organisms?
unicellular IBG 3 2) What are the basic functions
organisms 213, 218.mp4 of life?
carry out all 3) Describe them.
the functions
of life
2.1.4 P 13-14 1) Which devices can we use to -
Compare the CC 12 investigate small objects?
relative sizes IBG 5 What are their important
of molecules, http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/3dc characteristics?
cell ell.htm - how big? 2) What are SI units?
membrane 3) How large is a bacterial
thickness, cell?
viruses, 4) What about other biological
bacteria, structures?
organelles
and cells,
using the
appropriate
SI unit
2.1.5 P 14 1) What is the formula for P 16 (2)
Calculate the CC 12-13 calculation? CC 13
linear IBG 5 2) How would you calculate (DBQs)
magnification the real size of a biological
of drawings material?
and the actual 3) What are scale bars?
size of
specimens in
images of
known
magnification
2.1.6 Explain P 14 1) Why don’t we have cells the P 16 (1)
the CC 14 size of skyscrapers? CC 14 (Red)
importance of IBG 5 2) What are some of the
the surface adaptations of large cells
area to ensuring they perform their
volume ratio functions efficiently?
as a factor
limiting cell
size
2.1.7 State P 15 1) What are multicellular -
that CC 21 organisms?
multicellular IBG 3 2) What is meant by emergent
organisms properties?
show
emergent
properties
2.1.8 Explain P 15 1) What is differentiation? P 16 (3)
that cells in CC 16 2) What determines the CC 16 (DBQ)
multicellular IBG 3 differentiation process?
organisms 213, 218.mp4 3) Are there cells which do not
differentiate reproduce?
to carry out
specialized
functions by
expressing
some of their
genes but not
others
2.1.9 State P 15 1) What is a stem cell? P 16 (4)
that stem CC 17 2) What kinds of stem cells do
cells retain IBG 4 you know? What are the
the capacity 219.mp4 differences between them?
to divide and http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/
have the content/tech/stemcells/scintro/
ability to
differentiate
along
different
pathways
2.1.10 P 15-16 1) What are the potential uses -
Outline one CC 18-19 of stem cells in therapy?
therapeutic IBG 4 2) What ethical issues are
use of stem involved in stem cell
cell research?
2.2.1 Draw P 17 1) What is a prokaryotic cell? -
and label a CC 22 2) What are the structural
diagram of IBG 6 features of a prokaryotic
the http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/bac cell?
ultrastructure tcell.htm
of
Escherichia
coli (E. coli)
as an
example of a
prokaryote
2.2.2 P 18-19 - P 19 (5, 6)
Annotate the CC 22
diagram from IBG 6
2.2.1 with the
functions of
each named
structure
2.2.3 Identify P 19 - -
structures CC 22
from 2.2.1 in IBG 6
electron
micrographs
of E. coli
2.2.4 State P 18 1) What is binary fission? -
that IBG 6 2) What is the result of it?
prokaryotic http://www.tutorvista.com/content/b
cells divide iology/biology-iii/kingdoms-living-
by binary world/binary-fission.php
fission
2.3.1 Draw P 20 1) How large are eukaryotic -
and label a CC 23 cells?
diagram of IBG 7 2) What is the purpose of
the 231, 232.mp4 organelles?
ultrastructure http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/3dc 3) What is the purpose of
of a liver cell ell.htm compartmentalization?
as an 4) What are the structural
example of features of eukaryotic cell?
an animal cell
2.3.2 P 20-27 1) Draw a typical plant and a P 29 (7)
Annotate the CC 23 typical animal cell naming
diagram from IBG 7 the functions of
2.3.1 with the 231, 232.mp4 corresponding structures.
functions of http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/3dc 2) What is the difference
each named ell.htm between cytoplasm and
structure cytosol?
3) What is ER? What is the
function of it? What is the
difference between rough
and smooth ER?
4) What are ribosomes? What
are they made of? Where
can they be found? Are there
any differences between
eukaryotic and prokaryotic
ribosomes?
5) What are lysosomes? What
is their function? How many
enzymes do they contain?
What are the conditions
inside the lysosomes?
6) What is Golgi apparatus?
What is its structure? How is
it involved in transport of
the material?
7) Describe mitochondrial
structure and function.
8) What is the structure of a
nucleus? Where is it
located? Can there be
multiple nuclei? Can the
nucleus be absent?
9) Describe the structure of
chromosomes, chromatin
and nucleosomes. What is
the purpose of the DNA?
10) What is the purpose of
nucleolus?
11) What is the centrosome?
Describe the structure and
function.
12) What are vacuoles? What
are their functions?
2.3.3 Identify P 21, 24, 26 - CC 23
structures CC 23
from 2.3.1 in IBG 7
electron
micrographs
of liver cells
2.3.4 P 27 1) What are the main P 29 (8)
Compare IBG 7 differences between
prokaryotic 234.exe eukaryotic and prokaryotic
and http://www.learnerstv.com/animatio cells?
eukaryotic n/ 2) What are the similarities?
cells animation.php?ani=162&cat=biology
2.3.5 State P 27-28 1) What are the differences P 29 (9)
three CC 8 between plant and animal
differences IBG 7 cells?
between plant 235.exe 2) What are the similarities
and animal http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/3dc between them?
cells ell.htm
http://www.learnerstv.com/animati
on/
animation.php?ani=162&cat=biolo
gy
2.3.6 Outline P 28-29 1) What is the outermost part -
two roles of CC 19-20 of different cell types?
extracellular IBG 10 2) What is the role of cell wall?
components 3) What is the composition and
the roles of extracellular
matrix?
2.4.1 Draw P 30 1) What does the fluid mosaic -
and label a CC 25 model refer to?
diagram to IBG 8 2) What is the composition of
show the 241,242.mp4 membranes? What are they
structure of 241,242,243.mp4 made of?
membranes 3) What are the structural units
of a membrane?
4) What is its structure?
5) What are its properties?
6) What is the purpose of
cholesterol molecules?
2.4.2 Explain P 30-32 1) How is the membrane held -
how the CC 25 together?
hydrophobic IBG 8 2) What types of interactions
and 241,242.mp4 stabilize the membrane?
hydrophilic 241,242,243.mp4
properties of
phospholipids
help to
maintain the
structure of
cell
membranes
2.4.3 List the P 32-33 1) Why is the fluid mosaic so P 38 (11)
functions of CC 26 called?
membrane IBG 8 2) What types of proteins are
proteins 241,242,243.mp4 there?
3) What is the difference
between them in terms of
their structure?
4) What are the functions of
proteins? Describe the
relevant functions and
corresponding protein
structures.
2.4.4 Define P 33-35 1) What is the difference CC 31
diffusion and CC 27-31 between passive and active (DBQ), 32
osmosis IBG 9 types of transport? (DBQ)
244.mp4 2) Define diffusion and
244.exe osmosis.
2.4.5 Explain P 33-35 1) Give examples of substances CC 30 (DBQ)
passive CC 28-30 that get in and out of cells
transport IBG 9 by simple diffusion.
across 245.mp4 2) What is the difference
membranes 245(2).mp4 between facilitated and
by simple simple types of diffusion?
diffusion and 3) Outline the principles of
facilitated osmosis.
diffusion 4) What are the main
characteristics of molecules
that determine the ease with
which they cross the
membranes.
2.4.6 Explain P 35-37 1) Explain the essence and the P 38 (10)
the role of CC 33 purpose of active transport. CC 33 (DBQ)
protein IBG 10 2) How does sodium-potassium
pumps and 246.mp4 pump work?
ATP in active
transport
across
membranes
2.4.7 Explain P 37-38 1) What is the purpose of P 38 (12)
how vesicles CC 34 endocytosis and exocytosis? CC 34 (DBQ)
are used to IBG 10 2) What is the difference
transport 247,248.mp4 between endocytosis and
materials exocytosis? Describe the
within a cell processes.
between the 3) Give example of both types
rough of processes.
endoplasmic
reticulum,
Golgi
apparatus and
plasma
membrane
2.4.8 P 38 1) How does fluidity of the CC 35 (DBQ)
Describe how CC 34 membrane affects
the fluidity of IBG 8 endocytosis and exocytosis?
the 247,248.mp4
membrane 248.mp4
allows it to
change shape,
break and re-
form during
endocytosis
and
exocytosis
2.5.1 Outline P 39 1) What is a cell cycle?
the stages in CC 36 2) What are the phases of a cell
the cell cycle, IBG 11 cycle?
including 251.mp4 3) What are the stages of the
interphase http://www.cellsalive.com/cell_cycl interphase?
(G1, S, G2), e.htm 4) What happens during each
mitosis and of them?
cytokinesis
2.5.2 State P 39 1) Why do tumours (cancer)
that tumours CC 38 occur?
(cancers) are IBG 11
the result of 252.mp4
uncontrolled
cell division
and that these
can occur in
any organ or
tissue
2.5.3 State P 39 1) What happens during CC 36 (DBQ)
that CC 36 interphase?
interphase is IBG 11
an active
period in the
life of a cell
when many
metabolic
reactions
occur,
including
protein
synthesis,
DNA
replication
and an
increase in
the number of
mitochondria
and/or
chloroplasts
2.5.4 P 39-42 1) What happens during P 43 (13, 14)
Describe the CC 37 mitosis?
events that IBG 11
occur in the 254.exe
four phases 254.mp4
of mitosis http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.
(prophase, htm
metaphase,
anaphase and
telophase)
2.5.5 Explain P 39-42 1) How is DNA packaged?
how mitosis CC 37 2) What is the structure of a
produces two IBG 11 chromosome?
genetically 3) What is the difference
identical between anaphase and
nuclei metaphase chromosomes?
4) How does mitosis produce
two genetically identical
nuclei? Describe the process
step by step.
5) What is cytokineses? How
does cytokinesis occur in
animal cells? Plant cells?
2.5.6 State P 42 1) What is mitosis used for? P 43 (15)
that growth, CC 36
embryonic IBG 11
development,
tissue repair
and asexual
reproduction
involve
mitosis
Topic 3: The chemistry of life.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro P 46 1) Why do we care about -
chemistry in biology?
2) What is organic chemistry?
3) What is biochemistry?
3.1.1 State IBG 14 1) What are elements? CC 41
that the most CC 41 Molecules? Ions?
frequently P 46 2) What are the most
occurring frequently occurring
chemical chemical elements in living
elements in things?
living things 3) What are the major organic
are carbon, molecules?
hydrogen,
oxygen and
nitrogen
3.1.2 State IBG 14 1) What other chemical -
that a variety CC 41 elements are needed by
of other P 46-47 living organisms?
elements are
needed by
living
organisms,
including
sulfur,
calcium,
phosphorus,
iron and
sodium
3.1.3 State IBG 14 1) What functions do these -
one role for CC 41 chemicals have?
each of the P 46-47
elements
mentioned in
3.1.2.
3.1.4 Draw IBG 13 1) What is the structure of a -
and label a CC 41-42 water molecule?
diagram P 47 2) What is a hydrogen bond?
showing the 314.mp4 Why is it special?
structure of http://www.visionlearning.com/librar 3) Why is it able to form
water y hydrogen bonds?
molecules to /flash_viewer.php?oid=1380&mid=57
show their http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcon
polarity and tent/
hydrogen animations/content/propertiesofwate
bond r/ water.html
formation
3.1.5 Outline IBG 13 1) What are the most important -
the thermal, CC 43 properties of water from
cohesive and P 47-49 biological point of view?
solvent http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcon 2) Describe thermal (high
properties of tent/ specific heat, high heat of
water animations/content/propertiesofwate vaporization); cohesive;
r/ water.html solvent properties of water.
3.1.6 Explain IBG 13 1) Why are these properties P 49 (1, 2)
the P 47-49 important? Give examples.
relationship
between the
properties of
water and its
uses in living
organisms as
a coolant,
medium for
metabolic
reactions and
transport
medium
3.2.1 IBG 14 1) What are the main building -
Distinguish CC 44 blocks from which all living
between P 50-51 organisms are made?
organic and Outline their structural
inorganic components and give
compounds specific examples.
2) What is the difference
between organic and
inorganic substances? Are
there any exceptions?
3.2.2 Identify IBG 14 1) What are the structural CC 47
amino acids, CC 44-47 features of the mentioned
glucose, P 50-51 molecules?
ribose and
fatty acids
from
diagrams
showing their
structure
3.2.3 List IBG 15 1) Give examples of mono-, di- -
three CC 44 and polysaccharides.
examples P 51-52
each of
monosacchari
des,
disaccharides
and
polysaccharid
es
3.2.4 State IBG 15 1) What are the functions of -
one function CC 44 listed molecules in the
of glucose, P 51-52 biological world. Give
lactose and examples.
glycogen in
animals, and
of fructose,
sucrose and
cellulose in
plants
3.2.5 Outline IBG 15 1) Why do we need hydrolysis P 54 (3, 4)
the role of CC 46-47 and condensation reactions? CC 46
condensation P 53-54 2) What is the difference
and between hydrolysis and
hydrolysis in condensation reactions. Give
the specific examples using
relationships carbohydrates, lipid and
between proteins.
monosacchari
des,
disaccharides
and
polysaccharid
es; between
fatty acids,
glycerol and
triglycerides;
and between
amino acids
and
polypeptides
3.2.6 State IBG 15 1) What is the difference -
three CC 46 between fats and oils?
functions of P 52-53 2) What are the functions of
lipids lipids.
3.2.7 IBG 15 1) What are the similarities and -
Compare the CC 46 differences between
use of P 52-53 carbohydrates and lipids in
carbohydrates terms of energy storage?
and lipids in
energy
storage
3.3.1 Outline IBG 16 1) What is DNA? What is it -
DNA CC 54 composed of?
nucleotide P 55 2) What is the structure of a
structure in 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711.mp4 nucleotide.
terms of 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711
sugar (2).mp4
(deoxyribose)
, base and
phosphate
3.3.2 State IBG 16 1) What are the 4 nitrogenous P 57
the names of CC 54 bases found in DNA?
the four bases P 55
in DNA 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711.mp4
331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711
(2).mp4
3.3.3 Outline IBG 16 1) Explain how a single DNA
how DNA CC 57 strand is formed.
nucleotides P 56
are linked 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711.mp4
together by 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711
covalent (2).mp4
bonds into a
single strand
3.3.4 Explain IBG 16 1) How do complementary CC 54 (DBQ)
how a DNA CC 57 base pairing rules apply to P 57 (5)
double helix P 56-57 DNA double helix
is formed 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711.mp4 formation?
using 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711 2) How many bonds exist
complementa (2).mp4 between different pairs of
ry base nucleotides?
pairing and 3) Why are base-pairing rules
hydrogen the way they are?
bonds
3.3.5 Draw IBG 16 1) Draw and label a diagram of P 57 (6)
and label a CC 57 DNA showing general
simple P 56-57 details.
diagram of 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711.mp4 2) Outline the process of DNA
the molecular 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711 replication.
structure of (2).mp4
DNA
3.4.1 Explain IBG 16 1) When and where does DNA -
DNA CC 60-61 replication take place?
replication in P 58-59 2) What molecules are required
terms of 341, 342, 343, 722, 723.mp4 for DNA replication process
unwinding 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (2).mp4 to occur?
the double 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (3).mp4 3) What is the process of DNA
helix and 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (4).mp4 replication? Describe it
separation of mentioning the functions of
the strands by enzymes important for each
helicase, phase.
followed by
formation of
the new
complementa
ry strands by
DNA
polymerase
3.4.2 Explain IBG 16 1) How do complementary -
the CC 60-61 base pairing rules apply to
significance P 60 DNA replication?
of 341, 342, 343, 722, 723.mp4
complementa 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (2).mp4
ry base 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (3).mp4
pairing in the 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (4).mp4
conservation
of the base
sequence of
DNA
3.4.3 State IBG 16 1) Why is DNA replication a CC 60, 61
that DNA CC 60-61 semi-conservative process? (DBQs)
replication is P 58-59 P 60 (7, 8)
semiconserva 341, 342, 343, 722, 723.mp4
tive 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (2).mp4
341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (3).mp4
341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (4).mp4
Introduction CC 57, 63 1) What is central dogma of -
to Central P61, 201 biology?
Dogma of
Biology
3.5.1 IBG 17 1) What are the similarities and -
Compare the P61 differences between RNA
structure of and DNA?
RNA and
DNA
3.5.2 Outline IBG 17 1) What is a gene? -
DNA CC 63-64 2) What is transcription?
transcription P 61-62 3) What is the purpose of
in terms of 352, 733.mp4 mRNA?
the formation 352, 733 (2).mp4 4) What is its process?
of an RNA 5) What are some of the facts
strand of transcription?
complementa
ry to the
DNA strand
by RNA
polymerase
3.5.3 IBG 17 1) What are some of the CC 66
Describe the CC 64-65 characteristics of the genetic
genetic code P 63 code?
in terms of
codons
composed of
triplets of
bases
3.5.4 Explain IBG 17 1) How many types of RNA P 65 (9, 10,
the process of CC 65-67 are there? Describe them. 11)
translation, P 63-65 2) Describe the typical features
leading to 354, 742, 746.mp4 of tRNA.
polypeptide 354, 742, 746 (3).mp4 3) What is translation?
formation 354, 742, 746 (4).mp4 4) What is the process of
354, 742, 746 (5).mp4 translation? Where does it
354, 741, 742, 746 (2).mp4 take place? What are the
specifics of it?
3.5.5 Discuss IBG 17 1) What does one gene-one -
the P 65 polypeptide theory say?
relationship 2) Are there any exceptions?
between one
gene and one
polypeptide
3.6.1 Define IBG 18 1) What is enzyme? -
enzyme and CC 71 2) What is active site?
active site P 66-67
361.mp4
3.6.2 Explain IBG 18 1) Explain enzyme-substrate -
enzyme– CC 71 specificity in terms of
substrate P 66-67 physical and chemical
specificity 362, 762.mp4 properties of enzymes and
substrates (lock-and-key
theory).
3.6.3 Explain IBG 19 1) How do temperature, pH P 69 (12, 13)
the effects of CC 72-75 and substrate concentration CC 82 (1, 2)
temperature, P 67-69 affect the enzyme activity?
pH and
substrate
concentration
on enzyme
activity
3.6.4 Define IBG 18 1) What is denaturation? CC 76 (DBQ)
denaturation CC 72
P 67
364.mp4
3.6.5 Explain IBG 19 1) How would you use lactase -
the use of CC 77 to produce lactose-free
lactase in the P 69 milk?
production of
lactose-free
milk
3.7.1 Define IBG 20 1) Why do we need energy? CC 83 (DBQ)
cell CC 83 What molecules carry
respiration P 70 energy to cells? How is it
processed?
2) What is cell respiration?
3) Why is the process called
slow controlled oxidation?
3.7.2 State IBG 20 1) What is glycolysis? -
that, in cell CC 84 2) What is the substrate for
respiration, P 70 glycolysis? What are the
glucose in the alternatives?
cytoplasm is 3) Where does glycolysis take
broken down place?
by glycolysis 4) What is the end product of
into pyruvate, glycolysis?
with a small 5) What is the net gain in ATP
yield of ATP in glycolysis?
6) How many molecules of
ATP are consumed?
7) Is oxygen used in
glycolysis?
8) Is glycolysis a universal
process common to all
organisms?
3.7.3 Explain IBG 20 1) What is fermentation? What CC 85 (DBQ)
that, during CC 84 is alcoholic fermentation?
anaerobic cell P 71-72 What organisms use it?
respiration, 2) Draw a diagram outlining
pyruvate can chemistry of alcoholic
be converted fermentation?
in the 3) What is lactic acid
cytoplasm fermentation? What
into lactate, organisms and under what
or ethanol conditions is it used?
and carbon 4) Draw a diagram outlining
dioxide, with chemistry of lactic acid
no further fermentation.
yield of ATP 5) What is the benefit of lactic
acid fermentation?
6) Where does it take place?
3.7.4 Explain IBG 20 1) Where does aerobic cell P 73 (14, 15,
that, during CC 86 respiration take place? 16, 17)
aerobic cell P 72-73 2) Which molecules are used?
respiration, 3) What steps does it consist
pyruvate can of?
be broken 4) What precedes Krebs cycle?
down in the 5) Draw a diagram outlining
mitochondrio chemistry behind aerobic
n into carbon cell respiration.
dioxide and 6) What are final products of
water with a aerobic cell respiration?
large yield of 7) Why is it so energy-
ATP efficient?
3.8.1 State P 74 1) What is photosynthesis? -
that IBG 21 2) Why do we need
photosynthesi CC 95 photosynthesis?
s involves the 3) What type of energy
conversion of conversion is it?
light energy
into chemical
energy
3.8.2 State P 74-75 1) What is the first stage of -
that light IBG 21 photosynthesis?
from the Sun CC 96 2) What is sunlight?
is composed
of a range of
wavelengths
(colours)
3.8.3 State P 74-75 1) What are photosynthetic -
that IBG 21 pigments?
chlorophyll is CC 96 2) What is the main
the main photosynthetic pigment?
photosyntheti
c pigment
3.8.4 Outline P 75 1) Outline the differences in CC 96
the IBG 21 absorption of light of P 78 (18, 19)
differences in CC 96 different colors by
absorption of chlorophyll.
red, blue and 2) Why do plants appear
green light by green?
chlorophyll 3) What is the color of the
object that absorbs all
colors? All except blue?
That reflects all light colors?
3.8.5 State IBG 21 1) What is the first stage of -
that light CC 97 photosynthesis called?
energy is P 76 2) What are the two processes
used to that occur during the first
produce ATP, stage of photosynthesis?
and to split 3) What is the byproduct of the
water first stage of
molecules photosynthesis?
(photolysis)
to form
oxygen and
hydrogen
3.8.6 State IBG 21 1) What is the second stage of -
that ATP and CC 97 photosynthesis called?
hydrogen P 76-77 2) What happens during the
(derived from second stage of
the photolysis photosynthesis?
of water) are 3) What is fixation?
used to fix 4) How many molecules of
carbon carbon dioxide are required
dioxide to to make one molecule of
make organic glucose?
molecules
3.8.7 Explain IBG 21 1) Do plants perform cell P 78 (20, 21)
that the rate P 77 respiration?
of 2) Would you say that in plants
photosynthesi cell respiration and
s can be photosynthesis ―cancel each
measured other out‖?
directly by 3) What are two direct methods
the of measuring photosynthesis
production of rate? What sort of correction
oxygen or the needs to be made when
uptake of doing so? What devices
carbon would you use to carry out
dioxide, or measurements?
indirectly by 4) What is an indirect way of
an increase in measuring photosynthesis?
biomass
3.8.8 Outline IBG 21 1) What is the effect of IBG 22 (2)
the effects of CC 97-99 changing light intensity on CC 99, 100
temperature, P 78 photosynthesis? Why? (DBQs)
light intensity 2) What is the effect of
and carbon changing temperature on
dioxide photosynthesis? Why?
concentration 3) What is the effect of
on the rate of changing carbon dioxide
photosynthesi concentration on
s photosynthesis? Why?
Topic 4: Genetics.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro P 81, 265 1) Why do we study genetics? -
4.1.1 State P 81-82 1) What are chromosomes P 84 (1, 3)
that CC 147 made of? Where are genes CC 147
eukaryote IBG 23 located? What is a gene (DBQ)
chromosomes locus?
are made of 2) How many chromosomes do
DNA and humans have?
proteins 3) How long is human cellular
DNA?
4) What is the difference
between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic DNA?
5) What do histones do?
6) What does genetics study?
4.1.2 Define P 82 1) Define genes. What does P 84 (2, 4)
gene, allele CC 146, 135, 137 heritable mean? How many
and genome IBG 23 genes do humans have?
2) Define allele. Which locus
do alleles of the same gene
occupy?
3) Define genome.
4) Which genomes have been
completely sequenced?
4.1.3 Define P 82 1) What is gene mutation?
gene CC 141 2) What is base substitution
mutation IBG 23 mutation?
413, 414.mp4 3) What is the difference
between neutral and lethal
mutations?
4) What is the difference
between somatic and
germline mutations?
4.1.4 Explain P 82-84 1) Describe sickle cell anemia
the CC 143 as an example of base
consequence IBG 23 substitution mutation.
of a base 413, 414.mp4 2) Why the allele that causes
substitution 414.mp4 sickle-cell anemia has
mutation in 414 (2).mp4 become quite common in
relation to the 414 (3).mp4 some parts of the world?
processes of
transcription
and
translation,
using the
example of
sickle-cell
anemia
4.2.1 State IBG 24 1) Distinguish between haploid P 90 (5, 6, 7)
that meiosis P 85 and diploid.
is a reduction CC 127 2) What is reduction division?
division of a Why do we need meiosis?
diploid
nucleus to
form haploid
nuclei
4.2.2 Define IBG 24 1) Define homologous
homologous P 85 chromosomes.
chromosomes CC 146 2) Explain the nature of
homologous chromosomes.
4.2.3 Outline IBG 24 1) Give a summary of meiosis. P 90 (8)
the process of P 86-87
meiosis, CC 127
including 423, 1011.exe
pairing of 423, 1011.mp4
homologous 423, 1011 (2).mp4
chromosomes 423, 1011 (3).mp4
and crossing 423, 1011 (4).mp4
over, 423, 1011 (5).mp4
followed by 423, 1011 (6).mp4
two divisions, http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/3dcell.
which results htm
in four
haploid cells
4.2.4 Explain P 87-88 1) What is non-disjunction? P 90 (9)
that non- CC 129 2) How does it happen?
disjunction IBG 25 3) During which phases can
can lead to 424.mp4 non-disjunction take place?
changes in 4) What is Down syndrome?
chromosome
number,
illustrated by
reference to
Down
syndrome
(trisomy 21)
4.2.5 State P 88 1) What is karyotype?
that, in CC 129 2) How is it prepared?
karyotyping, IBG 25
chromosomes
are arranged
in pairs
according to
their size and
structure
4.2.6 State P 88-89 1) Describe the differences
that CC 130 between CVS and
karyotyping IBG 25 amniocentesis.
is performed 426.mp4 2) What happens after fetus
using cells 426 (2).mp4 cells have been obtained?
collected by
chorionic
villus
sampling or
amniocentesi
s, for pre-
natal
diagnosis of
chromosome
abnormalities
4.2.7 Analyse P 89-90 1) What type of information CC 129, 129
a human CC 130 can you get from reading (DBQ), 130
karyotype to IBG 25 karyotypes?
determine 2) Analyze the following
gender and karyotypes:
whether non- http://www.biology.arizona.ed
disjunction u/human_bio/activities/karyot
has occurred yping/karyotyping.html
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu
/content/begin/traits/karyotyp
e/
4.3.1 Define P 91-92 1) Define the mentioned terms.
genotype, IBG 26-29 (selective reading 2) What is a test cross?
phenotype, required)
dominant CC 137-139, 142
allele,
recessive
allele,
codominant
alleles, locus,
homozygous,
heterozygous,
carrier and
test cross
4.3.2 P 92-94 1) What is a Punnett grid? CC 137
Determine IBG 26 2) Describe the steps that need (DBQ)
the genotypes CC 135-137 to be taken to construct a
and Punnett grid?
phenotypes
of the
offspring of a
monohybrid
cross using a
Punnett grid
4.3.3 State P 94 1) What is meant by multiple
that some IBG 26 alleles?
genes have CC 141
more than
two alleles
(multiple
alleles)
4.3.4 P 94-95 1) Describe the ABO blood P 100 (11)
Describe IBG 27 grouping as an example of CC 139
ABO blood CC 140 both codominance and (DBQ), 140
groups as an multiple alleles. Why would (DBQ)
example of one want to test the blood
codominance group?
and multiple 2) Describe the flower colour
alleles inheritance in Mirabilis
jalapa.
4.3.5 Explain P 95 1) Genetically speaking, what
how the sex IBG 28 is the difference between
chromosomes CC145 males and females?
control 2) What are the chances for a
gender by couple to produce a female?
referring to A male?
the 3) Who «determines» the
inheritance of gender of a child, the father
X and Y or the mother?
chromosomes
in humans
4.3.6 State P 95 1) «Genewise», what is the
that some IBG 28 difference between X and Y
genes are CC145 chromosomes?
present on the
X
chromosome
and absent
from the
shorter Y
chromosome
in humans
4.3.7 Define P 96 1) What is sex linkage? Which
sex linkage CC 144 chromosomes are involved?
IBG 28 2) Is pattern of inheritance the
same or different for males
and females? Explain.
3) What are two well-known
conditions that follow this
type of inheritance in
humans? Describe the
symptoms of these
disorders.
4) Who and how discovered
sex linkage?
4.3.8 P 96 1) Describe the inheritance of P 100 (10)
Describe the IBG 28 hemophilia and color
inheritance of blindness.
colour 2) Are these conditions
blindness and dominant or recessive? How
hemophilia as would these conditions
examples of affect people if it was
sex linkage otherwise?
4.3.9 State P 96 1) Can a man be heterozygous
that a human IBG 28 with respect to sex-linked
female can be genes? (think about
homozygous Klinefelter’s syndrome)
or 2) Why so few women have
heterozygous color blindness and
with respect hemophilia?
to sex-linked
genes
4.3.10 P 96 1) Define carrier.
Explain that IBG 28 2) Explain how women can be
female carriers of sex linked
carriers are condition?
heterozygous 3) Can men be carriers?
for X-linked
recessive
alleles
4.3.11 Predict P 97-98 1) Describe the steps required P 100 (11,
the genotypic to solve any problem on 13)
and genetics? (handouts)
phenotypic 2) Solve the provided problems
ratios of on genetics.
offspring of
monohybrid
crosses
involving any
of the above
patterns of
inheritance
4.3.12 P 98-99 1) What are pedigree charts? P 100 (12)
Deduce the IBG 27 Why do we use pedigree CC 138
genotypes charts? What questions can (DBQ), 145
and you answer by looking at the (DBQ)
phenotypes pedigree chart?
of individuals 2) How are males and females
in pedigree represented? What do
charts shaded and unshaded figures
represent? How one draws a
pedigree chart?
3) Deduce genotypes of all
individuals in a pedigree
chart on IBG 27.
4) Deduce the mode of
inheritance for all 3
conditions on IBG 29.
5) Deduce the genotypes of
individual organisms on
P99.
4.4.1 Outline P 101 1) What is cloning in regards to P 110 (14)
the use of CC 163 DNA?
polymerase IBG 30 2) What is PCR? What does it
chain http://users.ugent.be/ stand for?
reaction ~avierstr/principles/pcr.html 3) What do we use PCR for?
(PCR) to http://www.sumanasinc.com/ 4) What are the steps of the
copy and webcontent/animations/content/pcr.ht PCR?
ml
amplify
http://www.dnalc.org/
minute resources/animations/
quantities of
DNA
4.4.2 State P 102 1) What is the purpose of gel
that, in gel CC 164 electrophoresis?
electrophores IBG 30 2) What happens during gel
is, fragments http://learn.genetics.utah. electrophoresis?
of DNA edu/content/labs/gel/
move in an http://www.dnalc.org/
electric field resources/animations/
and are
separated
according to
their size
4.4.3 State P 102 1) What is DNA profiling?
that gel CC 164 How is it prepared? Which
electrophores IBG 30 sequences are used?
is of DNA is http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/westmin/ 2) What conclusions can you
used in DNA science/sbioac/genetics/Electro.htm draw by looking at DNA
profiling http://www.dnalc.org/ profile?
resources/animations/
4.4.4 P 102-103 1) What are the applications of
Describe the CC 164 the DNA profiling?
application of IBG 30 2) What is meant by paternity
DNA http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/ testing? Forensic
profiling to nova/sheppard/analyze.html investigations?
determine http://www.dnalc.org/
paternity and resources/animations/
also in
forensic
investigations
4.4.5 Analyse P 103 1) Analyse DNA profiles on
DNA profiles CC 164 IBG 30, CC 164
to draw IBG 30
conclusions http://biology-
about animations.blogspot.com/2008/01/dna-
paternity or fingerprinting-animation-2.html
forensic http://www.dnalc.org/
resources/animations/
investigations
4.4.6 Outline P 103-104 1) What was the purpose of CC 159
three IBG 32 Human Genome Project? (DBQ)
outcomes of CC 158 How many genes do we
the http://www.sinauer.com/cooper/ have? Was it done locally or
sequencing of 4e/animations0408.html internationally? When did it
the complete http://www.dnalc.org/ end?
human resources/animations/ 2) What are the potential
genome benefits of knowing the
exact sequence of human
DNA?
3) What are microarrays? What
are bioinformatics and
pharmacogenomics?
4.4.7 State P 104 1) What is gene transfer? What
that, when IBG 31 is genetic modification?
genes are What are genetically
transferred modified organisms? How is
between it different from selective
species, the breeding?
amino acid 2) How does the fact that
sequence of genetic code is universal
polypeptides relate to gene transfer?
translated 3) Give examples of
from them is genetically modified
unchanged organisms.
because the
genetic code
is universal
4.4.8 Outline P 105-106 1) Outline the procedure of
a basic IBG 31 gene transfer.
technique CC 161-162 2) Why is gene for transfer
used for gene http://www.dnalc.org/ need to be prepared from
transfer resources/animations/ mRNA rather than human
involving DNA directly?
plasmids, a 3) What are restriction
host cell enzymes? How were they
(bacterium, discovered? What is the
yeast or other purpose of those in bacteria?
cell), 4) Outline alternative
restriction recombinant methods.
enzymes
(endonucleas
es) and DNA
ligase
4.4.9 State P 106-107 1) Give extra examples of
two examples IBG 31 GMO.
of the current CC 161
uses of
genetically
modified
crops or
animals
4.4.10 P 107-108 1) Discuss the potential P 110 (16,
Discuss the IBG 31 benefits and possible 17)
potential harmful effects of genetic
benefits and modifications.
possible 2) Discuss the potential
harmful benefits and possible
effects of one harmful effects of one
example of example of genetic
genetic modification of your choice.
modification
4.4.11 Define P 108 1) What is a clone?
clone IBG 32
CC 165
4.4.12 P 108-109 1) What is the procedure for
Outline a IBG 32 cloning?
technique for CC 165
cloning using http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/
differentiated content/tech/cloning/clickandclone/
animal cells http://www.dnalc.org/
resources/animations/
4.4.13 P 110 1) What are some of the ethical Р 110 (15)
Discuss the IBG 32 issues associated with
ethical issues CC 165 cloning in humans?
of therapeutic
cloning in
humans
Topic 5: Ecology and Evolution.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro P 112 1) Why do we care about this -
topic?
5.1.1 Define P 113-114 1) Define species, habitat, P 121 (1)
species, IBG 34, 45, 36, 40, 43 population, community, CC 172
habitat, CC 172 ecosystem, ecology (DBQ)
population, 2) What is environment?
community, 3) What is the difference
ecosystem between abiotic and biotic
and ecology factors? Identify all of the
biotic/abiotic factors in the
photo on P114.
4) What is meant by fertile
offspring?
5.1.2 P 114 1) What are autotrophs
Distinguish IBG 41 (producers)? Give specific
between CC 168 examples.
autotroph 2) What are heterotrophs
and (consumers)? Give specific
heterotroph examples.
5.1.3 P 114-115 1) What are consumers?
Distinguish IBG 41, 43 2) What are detritivores?
between CC 168 3) What are saprotrophs?
consumers, 4) What is the role of
detritivores detritivores and saprotrophs?
and
saprotrophs
5.1.4 P 115 1) What are food chains?
Describe IBG 40 2) How are they represented?
what is meant CC 168 3) Give 3 examples of food
by a food 514, 5110.mp4 chains?
chain, giving
three
examples,
each with at
least three
linkages (four
organisms)
5.1.5 P 115-116 1) What are food webs?
Describe IBG 42 2) Why are they often built
what is meant CC 168 instead of food chains?
by a food
web
5.1.6 Define P 116 1) What is a trophic level? CC 169
trophic level IBG 40 2) Name all of the trophic (DBQ)
CC 168 levels in a typical food
chain?
3) What is an important
condition that is needed to
ensure food chains function
correctly?
5.1.7 Deduce P 116-117 1) What are the trophic levels P 127 (2, 4)
the trophic IBG 40 in any given food chain? CC 176 (5)
level of CC 168 2) What is the limiting factor
organisms in of food chain length? How
a food chain many levels does a typical
and a food food chain have?
web 3) Look at the food web on P
117 and determine trophic
levels of all shown species.
4) Analyze in a similar way the
food webs on the handouts.
5.1.8 P 117-118 1) Construct food webs using P 127 (3)
Construct a IBG 42 information on P 117; and CC 171
food web CC 168 handouts. (DBQ)
containing up 2) What are some of the
to 10 difficulties associated with
organisms, building food webs?
using
appropriate
information
5.1.9 State P 118 1) What is the initial source of
that light is IBG 41 energy for almost all
the initial CC 169 communities?
energy source 2) Explain the abovementioned
for almost all concept of light being the
communities energy source that sustains
life on planet Earth.
5.1.10 P 118-119 1) Explain energy flow in CC 176 (3)
Explain the IBG 41 ecosystems.
energy flow CC 169
in a food 514, 5110.mp4
chain 5110.mp4
5110 (2).mp4
5110 (3).mp4
5.1.11 State P 119 1) Explain energy losses along
that energy IBG 41 the food chain.
transformatio CC 169
ns are never
100%
efficient
5.1.12 P 120 1) What is a pyramid of CC 170
Explain IBG 42 energy? (Working
reasons for CC 170 2) What is the unit used to with Data)
the shape of build energy pyramids? CC 171
pyramids of 3) Why do pyramids of energy (DBQ) CC
energy have the shape of a 176 (2, 3)
pyramid?
5.1.13 P 120 1) Outline the fate of energy in
Explain that IBG 43 the ecosystem.
energy enters CC 169 2) Outline the fate of nutrients
and leaves in the ecosystem.
ecosystems,
but nutrients
must be
recycled
5.1.14 State P 121 1) What is the role of
that IBG 43 decomposers in the
saprotrophic CC 169-170 functioning of the
bacteria and ecosystem?
fungi 2) What types of decomposers
(decomposers exist? What is the difference
) recycle between them?
nutrients 3) What would happen if
decomposers didn’t exist?
5.2.1 Draw P 122-123 1) Where can carbon be found? CC 177
and label a IBG 43 2) Draw and explain carbon (DBQ), 178
diagram of CC 178 cycle.
the carbon 521.mp4
cycle to show
the processes
involved
5.2.2 Analyse P 123-124 1) Explain how humans P 130 (6, 7)
the changes IBG 44 contribute and contributed to CC 178, CC
in CC 179 changes in the atmospheric 179
concentration carbon dioxide
of concentrations.
atmospheric 2) Describe the trends in
carbon changes in carbon dioxide
dioxide using concentration and
historical temperature.
records
5.2.3 Explain P 124-127 1) What is natural greenhouse P 130 (5)
the IBG 44 effect? How is it useful?
relationship CC 178 2) Explain the concept of a
between rises 523.mp4 greenhouse effect. What are
in 523 (2).mp4 the physics concepts behind
concentration it?
s of 3) What are greenhouse gases?
atmospheric How are those produced?
carbon What is enhanced
dioxide, greenhouse effect?
methane and 4) What are the consequences
oxides of of changing climate?
nitrogen and
the enhanced
greenhouse
effect
5.2.4 Outline P 127-128 1) What are some of the
the IBG 45 conclusions of IPCC forth
precautionary CC 182 report?
principle 2) What is the precautionary
principle? What is the
alternative to it?
5.2.5 P 128-129 1) What is the connection
Evaluate the IBG 45 between precautionary
precautionary CC 182 principle and enhanced
principle as a greenhouse effect?
justification 2) Do you think it’s better to
for strong wait and see or act now?
action in Why?
response to
the threats
posed by the
enhanced
greenhouse
effect
5.2.6 Outline P 129-130 1) What does Arctic consist of? CC 180
the IBG 45 2) What are the changes that (DBQ)
consequences CC 180 are occurring in the Arctic
of a global region because of the change
temperature in climate?
rise on arctic 3) What are some of the
ecosystems consequences of climate
change?
4) Predict what would happen
to the habitat of musk ox in
the future if current trends in
the climate change
continue?
5.3.1 Outline P 131 1) Define population. P 33 (9)
how IBG 36 2) What are the four main
population CC 173 factors which affect
size is population size? How can
affected by one calculate the population
natality, change (what is the formula
immigration, for it)?
mortality and 3) Give a real-life example of
emigration how these factors
contributed to the change in
populations sizes.
5.3.2 Draw P 131-132 1) What is the S-shaped curve?
and label a IBG 36 Why is it called so?
graph CC 173 2) What are the three stages of
showing a any population growth?
sigmoid (S- Where do you think the lag
shaped) phase is?
population
growth curve
5.3.3 Explain P 131-132 1) Describe the exponential CC 173
the reasons IBG 36 phase. (DBQ)
for the CC 173 2) Describe the transitional
exponential phase.
growth phase, 3) Describe the plateau phase.
the plateau 4) What is a boom-and-bust
phase and the pattern?
transitional
phase
between
these two
phases
5.3.4 List P 133 1) What is carrying capacity? P 133 (8)
three factors IBG 36 2) What are the limiting factors
that set limits CC 173 of population increase?
to population
increase
5.4.1 Define P 134 1) Define evolution.
evolution IBG 37 2) What does heritable mean?
CC 184 3) Why do we have the word
«cumulative» in the
definition of evolution?
4) Who was the founder of
natural selection and
evolution theory?
5.4.2 Outline P 134-137 1) What kind of evidence exists CC 184
the evidence IBG 37 that supports evolution? (DBQ), 186
for evolution CC 184-186 2) What do fossils tell us about
provided by evolution?
the fossil 3) How does artificial selection
record, contribute to our
selective understanding of the
breeding of evolution process?
domesticated 4) What type of evidence do
animals and homologous anatomical
homologous structures provide in support
structures of evolution theory? What is
convergent evolution? What
are vestigial organs (give
examples)?
5.4.3 State P 137-139 1) What is overproduction of
that IBG 38 offspring?
populations CC 187 2) What does it lead to?
tend to
produce more
offspring
than the
environment
can support
5.4.4 Explain P 137-139 1) What is overproduction of
that the IBG 38 offspring?
consequence CC 187 2) What does it lead to?
of the
potential
overproductio
n of offspring
is a struggle
for survival
5.4.5 State P 138 1) What is variation and how
that the IBG 38 does it contribute to
members of a CC 187 evolution?
species show
variation
5.4.6 Explain P 139 1) What are the causes of
how sexual IBG 39 variation?
reproduction CC 188 2) Describe mutation as a
promotes source of variation.
variation in a 3) Describe sexual
species reproduction as a source of
variation (random
orientation of chromosomes,
crossing over, fertilization).
4) Are there any other ways to
contribute to variation?
5.4.7 Explain P 140 1) Explain the concept of P 142 (10,
how natural IBG 38 natural selection. 11)
selection CC 187 CC 195
leads to http://biologyinmotion.com/evol/ (DBQ)
evolution
5.4.8 Explain P 140-142 1) Describe antibiotic P 142 (12,
two examples IBG 39 resistance in bacteria as an 13)
of evolution CC 191, 194 example of evolution. CC 194
in response to 2) Describe pesticide resistance (critical
environmenta in rats as an example of consideration
l change; one evolution. s)
must be 3) Describe melanism in CC 192
antibiotic ladybug as an example of (DBQ)
resistance in evolution.
bacteria 4) Describe Galapagos finches
as an example of evolution.
5.5.1 Outline P 142-143 1) What does binomial system
the binomial IBG 34 of nomenclature mean?
system of CC 196 2) What does the first name
nomenclature represent?
3) What does the second name
represent?
4) How are both written?
5) Who was Carl Linnaeus?
Why is he famous?
6) Why classify organisms?
5.5.2 List P 143-145 1) What are the five kingdoms CC 197
seven levels IBG 35 in biology? (DBQ)
in the CC 197 2) What are the seven taxa? P 149 (14,
hierarchy of 3) Are there any other 15, 17)
taxa— classification systems?
kingdom,
phylum,
class, order,
family, genus
and species
5.5.3 P 145-146 1) Distinguish between named P 149 (16)
Distinguish IBG 35 phyla of plants.
between the CC 199
following
phyla of
plants, using
simple
external
recognition
features:
bryophyta,
filicinophyta,
coniferophyta
and
angiospermo
phyta
5.5.4 P 146-148 2) Distinguish between named CC 200
Distinguish IBG 35 phyla of animals.
between the CC 200-201
following
phyla of
animals,
using simple
external
recognition
features:
porifera,
cnidaria,
platyhelminth
es, annelida,
mollusca and
arthropoda
5.5.5 Apply P 148-149 1) Why do we need IBG 34
and design a IBG 34 dichotomous keys? (Identify and
key for a CC 198 2) How does one read the construct)
group of up 555.mp4 dichotomous key? CC 198
to eight 3) How does one construct a (Design)
organisms key? P 149 (18)
classification.
doc (design)
Topic 6. Human health and physiology.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro
6.1.1 Explain
why
digestion of
large food
molecules is
essential
6.1.2 Explain
the need for
enzymes in
digestion
6.1.3 State
the source,
substrate,
products and
optimum pH
conditions for
one amylase,
one protease
and one
lipase
6.1.4 Draw
and label a
diagram of
the digestive
system
6.1.5 Outline
the function
of the
stomach,
small
intestine and
large
intestine
6.1.6
Distinguish
between
absorption
and
assimilation
6.1.7 Explain
how the
structure of
the villus is
related to its
role in
absorption
and transport
of the
products of
digestion
6.2.1 Draw P 157-158 1) What is cardiovascular P 162 (3)
and label a IBG 48 system?
diagram of CC 210 2) What is the structure of the
the heart 621, 623.mp4 heart?
showing the 621, 623 (2).mp4 3) Outline the blood circulation
four 621, 623 (3).mp4 pathway.
chambers, 4) Which side of the heart is
associated associated with pulmonary
blood vessels, circulation?
valves and 5) Which side of the heart is
the route of associated with systemic
blood circulation?
through the
heart
6.2.2 State P 159 1) What do coronary arteries
that the IBG 48 do?
coronary CC 210
arteries
supply heart
muscle with
oxygen and
nutrients
6.2.3 Explain P 158-160 1) Outline the pulmonary CC 211
the action of IBG 48 circulation. P 162 (4)
the heart in CC 211 2) Outline the systemic
terms of 621, 623.mp4 circulation.
collecting 621, 623 (2).mp4 3) How long does a complete
blood, 621, 623 (3).mp4 circuit take?
pumping 4) What is the function of
blood, and valves? How many of them
opening and are in the heart?
closing of
valves
6.2.4 Outline CC 213 1) What is the heart composed -
the control of P 160-161 of?
the heartbeat IBG 48 2) What is myogenic muscle
in terms of 624.mp4 contraction?
myogenic 3) Why do we need a control
muscle mechanism for myogenic
contraction, contraction?
the role of the 4) What is SA node? What does
pacemaker, it do?
nerves, the 5) What is AV node? What does
medulla of it do?
the brain and 6) Why does the heart rate need
epinephrine to increase during exercise?
(adrenaline) 7) How does medulla control
the heart rate?
8) How can chemicals affect the
heart rate?
6.2.5 Explain CC 214 1) Describe the general -
the P 161 structure of all blood
relationship IBG 48 vessels? What are the 3
between the 625.mp4 layers?
structure and 2) What are veins and arteries?
function of How does one tell the
arteries, difference between them?
capillaries 3) Describe the structure of
and veins arteries? Why do they have
thick smooth muscle layer?
4) What are capillary beds?
What is their structure?
What happens in them?
Where does the blood go
after the capillaries?
5) What is the structure of
veins? Why do they have
such a structure?
6) Summarize your findings.
6.2.6 State CC 215 1) What are the components of -
that blood is P 162 the blood?
composed of IBG 49 2) What is plasma?
plasma, 626.mp4 3) What are erythrocytes?
erythrocytes, 4) What are leukocytes
leucocytes (phagocytes and lymphocytes)?
(phagocytes 5) What are platelets?
and
lymphocytes)
and platelets
6.2.7 State CC 215 1) What are the functions of -
that the IBG 49 blood?
following are P 162 2) What is transported in the
transported blood?
by the blood:
nutrients,
oxygen,
carbon
dioxide,
hormones,
antibodies,
urea and heat
6.3.1 Define P 163 1) What is a pathogen? -
pathogen IBG 49 2) What types of pathogens are
CC 217 there? Give specific
examples of infectious
pathogens..
3) Can most pathogens cause
diseases?
4) What can one use to fight
off bacterial infections?
6.3.2 Explain P 163 1) Why are antibiotics effective CC 218
why IBG 49 against prokaryotic but not (DBQ)
antibiotics CC 218 eukaryotic cells?
are effective 2) How exactly do antibiotics
against work?
bacteria but 3) Why are antibiotics
not against ineffective against viruses?
viruses
6.3.3 Outline P 163-164 1) What is immunity? CC 219
the role of IBG 49 2) What is the best way to (DBQ)
skin and CC 218-219 prevent infections?
mucous 633.mp4 3) What does skin consist of?
membranes 633 (2).mp4 4) How does skin prevent
in defence 633 (3).mp4 infections?
against 633 (4).mp4 5) What are sebaceous glands
pathogens and how do they help to
prevent infections?
6) Why is it important to treat
cuts and abrasions?
7) How does stomach acid aid
in the elimination of
infections?
8) What is mucous membrane?
9) Where are mucous
membranes located?
10) What is mucus? What does
it do?
11) What are cilia? What do
they do?
12) What is lysozyme? What
does it do?
6.3.4 Outline P 164-165 1) What are leucocytes? -
how IBG 49 2) Are there many types of
phagocytic CC 219 leucocytes?
leucocytes 634.mp4 3) What are macrophages?
ingest 4) What is amoeboid
pathogens in movement? How does it
the blood and help macrophages?
in body 5) How does macrophage
tissues recognize the ―right‖ target?
6) How do macrophages
destroy pathogens?
7) Why is such response called
non-specific?
6.3.5 P 165 1) What are antibodies? -
Distinguish IBG 49 2) What are antigens?
between CC 219 3) Is there one type of antibody
antigens and or many? Explain.
antibodies 4) Do all antibodies share a
similar structure? What is it?
5) How do antibodies help
fight of infections?
6.3.6 Explain P 165-166 1) What are B lymphocytes? P 168 (5)
antibody IBG 50 2) What are the steps in a
production CC 219-220 typical immune response
636.mp4 involving B lymphocytes?
6.3.7 Outline P 166-167 1) What is HIV and AIDS? P 168 (6)
the effects of IBG 50 2) Why do viruses infect only
HIV on the CC 224 some cells and not others?
immune 3) How is HIV transmitted?
system 4) What cells does HIV infect?
5) Does it have latency period?
6) What exactly happens in the
immune system after HIV
infection?
6.3.8 Discuss P 167-168 1) Why is HIV so hard to deal CC 224
the cause, IBG 50 with?
transmission CC 224 2) What is the relation if HIV
and social to blood transfusions?
implications 3) Are there any social stigmas
of AIDS associated with HIV? What
are the social implications?
4) How does poor medical
practice relate to HIV?
5) What can be done to prevent
HIV?
6.4.1 P 168-169 1) Why do we need oxygen? CC 228 (Q)
Distinguish IBG 51 How is cell respiration
between CC 228 involved in the oxygen
ventilation, 641.mp4 consumption?
gas exchange 641 (2).mp4 2) What is ventilation?
and cell 3) What happens during
respiration ventilation?
4) What is gas exchange?
Where does gas exchange
occur?
5) Outline all of the processes
that occur during respiration.
6.4.2 Explain P 169-170 1) Why don’t amoebas require CC 228
the need for a IBG 51 respiratory system? (DBQ)
ventilation CC 228 2) Why do we need respiratory
system and transport systems?
6.4.3 P 170-171 1) Describe the path the air P 172 (8)
Describe the IBG 51 takes on the way to alveoli. CC 229
features of CC 229 2) Describe the arrangement of (DBQ)
alveoli that 643.mp4 alveoli. How many of them
adapt them to are there?
gas exchange 3) What happens in the alveoli?
4) What is the structure of a
single alveolus?
5) What are the alveoli
adaptations that allow them
to perform their functions?
6.4.4 Draw P 170 1) Draw and label a diagram of CC 230
and label a IBG 51 the ventilation system. (DBQ)
diagram of CC 230
the 644.mp4
ventilation 644 (2).mp4
system,
including
trachea,
lungs,
bronchi,
bronchioles
and alveoli
6.4.5 Explain P 171-172 1) Which muscles are involved P 172 (7)
the IBG 51 in respiration?
mechanism CC 231 2) How is volume related to
of ventilation 645.mp4 pressure?
of the lungs 3) Where are lungs located?
in terms of 4) How are lungs connected to
volume and the outside environment?
pressure 5) Explain what happens
changes during inspiration and
caused by the expiration.
internal and
external
intercostal
muscles, the
diaphragm
and
abdominal
muscles
6.5.1 State P 173-174 1) What is the purpose of the -
that the IBG 52 nervous system?
nervous CC 240 2) What is CNS? What does it
system 651, 652, 653.mp4 consist of?
consists of 651, 652, 653 (2).mp4 3) What are the 2 different
the central types of neurons? What are
nervous the responses they mediate?
system 4) What does neuron do?
(CNS) and 5) What is a nerve?
peripheral 6) What is a peripheral nervous
nerves, and is system?
composed of 7) What are the peripheral
cells called nerves?
neurons that
can carry
rapid
electrical
impulses
6.5.2 Draw P 174 1) Draw and label a diagram of -
and label a IBG 52 the structure of a motor
diagram of CC 240 neuron.
the structure 651, 652, 653.mp4
of a motor 651, 652, 653 (2).mp4
neuron
6.5.3 State P 175 1) Outline the stimulation, P 184 (10)
that nerve IBG 52 interpretation and response CC 240 (Q)
impulses are CC 240 mechanisms that occur
conducted 651, 652, 653.mp4 within the nervous system
from 651, 652, 653 (2).mp4 (mention the functioning of
receptors to 653.mp4 sensory, relay and effector
the CNS by neurons).
sensory 2) What is motor end plate?
neurons, How does muscle cell
within the activation occur?
CNS by relay
neurons, and
from the CNS
to effectors
by motor
neurons
6.5.4 Define P 176-177 1) What is a nerve impulse? CC 242 (Q)
resting IB 53 2) What is myelin sheath?
potential and CC 242 What is the difference
action 654.mp4 between myelinated and
potential non-myelinated neurones?
(depolarizatio 3) What is resting potential?
n and Describe the polarised state
repolarization in terms of 3 different ion
) concentrations.
6.5.5 Explain P 177-178 4) What is action potential? CC 244
how a nerve IBG 53 Describe depolarisation in (DBQ)
impulse CC 243 terms of ion concentrations.
passes along 655.exe 5) Why is action potential self-
a non- 655 (2).exe propagating?
myelinated 655.mp4 6) Describe repolarisation in
neuron 655 (2).mp4 terms of ion concentrations.
655 (3).mp4 7) What us refractory period?
6.5.6 Explain P 178-180 1) Why is sensory pathway
the principles IBG 53 unidirectional?
of synaptic CC 245 2) Describe different patterns
transmission 656.mp4 of synaptic transmission.
656 (2).mp4 3) What is synapse? Synaptic
656 (3).mp4 cleft?
4) What are terminal buttons?
What is their purpose? What
do they have? What is a
neurotransmitter (give
examples)?
5) Describe the mechanisms of
synaptic transmission.
6.5.7 State P 181 1) What is endocrine system?
that the IBG 54 What other system is
endocrine CC 247 involved in control of bodily
system 657, 6511, 6512.mp4 functions?
consists of 657.mp4 2) What does it do?
glands that 657 (2).mp4
release
hormones
that are
transported in
the blood
6.5.8 State P 180 1) What is homeostasis?
that IBG 54 2) What are the things that
homeostasis CC 247 need constant monitoring?
involves
maintaining
the internal
environment
between
limits,
including
blood pH,
carbon
dioxide
concentration
, blood
glucose
concentration
, body
temperature
and water
balance
6.5.9 Explain P 180-181 1) What is a feedback
that IBG 54 mechanism?
homeostasis CC 247 2) What is negative feedback
involves 659.mp4 mechanism?
monitoring 3) How does it function?
levels of
variables and
correcting
changes in
levels by
negative
feedback
mechanisms
6.5.10 P 181 1) Outline the control of body P 184 (9)
Explain the IBG 55 temperature under cold and CC 248
control of CC 247 hot conditions. (DBQ)
body 6510.mp4 CC 250
temperature, (DBQ)
including the
transfer of
heat in blood,
and the roles
of the
hypothalamus
, sweat
glands, skin
arterioles and
shivering
6.5.11 P 181-183 1) What is blood glucose level? CC 249
Explain the IBG 55 2) What are the two processes (DBQ)
control of CC 249 that result on blood glucose CC 249 (Q)
blood glucose 657, 6511, 6512.mp4 level fluctuations? CC 250
concentration 6511.mp4 3) Outline the route the glucose (DBQ)
, including 6511 (2).mp4 takes on its way from GI
the roles of tract to systemic circulation.
glucagon, 4) What are the 2 hormones
insulin and б involved in regulating blood
and в cells in glucose levels? Where are
the pancreatic they produced?
islets 5) Outline what happens when
blood glucose level goes
above the set point? Below
the set point?
6.5.12 P 184 1) What is diabetes?
Distinguish IBG 55 2) Distinguish between type I
between type CC 249 and type II diabetes.
I and type II 657, 6511, 6512.mp4 3) How can both types be
diabetes controlled?
4) What are the effects of
uncontrolled diabetes?
Topic 7: Nucleic acids and proteins.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro P 193 1) Why do we care about this -
topic?
7.1.1 IBG 60 1) Draw a diagram showing all P 196 (1)
Describe the CC 57-58 of the details mentioned.
structure of P 193-195
DNA, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711.mp4
including the 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 711
antiparallel (2).mp4
strands, 3’–5’
linkages and
hydrogen
bonding
between
purines and
pyrimidines
7.1.2 Outline IBG 61 1) Draw a diagram and explain
the structure CC 59 the structure of a
of P195 nucleosome.
nucleosomes 712.mp4
7.1.3 State IBG 61 1) What are the functions of a P 196 (2)
that CC 59 nucleosome?
nucleosomes P195
help to
supercoil
chromosomes
and help to
regulate
transcription
7.1.4 IBG 61 1) What is the difference P 196 (3)
Distinguish CC 68 between single-copy genes
between P195-196 and highly repetitive
unique or sequences?
single-copy 2) How much satellite DNA do
genes and we have in our DNA?
highly
repetitive
sequences in
nuclear DNA
7.1.5 State IBG 61 1) What are exons and introns? CC 69 (DBQ)
that CC 64 2) Do prokaryotic or
eukaryotic P196 eukaryotic cells have introns
genes can and exons?
contain exons
and introns
7.2.1 State IBG 60 1) In which direction does
that DNA CC 60-61 DNA replication occur?
replication P199
occurs in a
5’→ 3’
direction
7.2.2 Explain IBG 60 1) Outline the process of DNA P 200 (4, 6)
the process of CC 60-61 replication mentioning all CC 61 (DBQ)
DNA P197-200 the minor details.
replication in 341, 342, 343, 722, 723.mp4
prokaryotes, 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (2).mp4
including the 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (3).mp4
role of 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (4).mp4
enzymes
(helicase,
DNA
polymerase,
RNA primase
and DNA
ligase),
Okazaki
fragments
and
deoxynucleos
ide
triphosphates
7.2.3 State IBG 61 1) What is origin of P 200 (5)
that DNA CC 60-61 replication?
replication is P198 2) Do eukaryotes or
initiated at 341, 342, 343, 722, 723.mp4 prokaryotes have multiple
many points 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (2).mp4 origins of replication?
in eukaryotic 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (3).mp4 3) What is the significance of
chromosomes 341, 342, 343, 722, 723 (4).mp4 having multiple origins of
replication.
7.3.1 State IBG 62 1) What is the direction of
that CC 63-64 RNA polymerase
transcription P201 movement?
is carried out
in a 5’→ 3’
direction
7.3.2 IBG 62 1) What is the difference
Distinguish CC 63-64 between sense/antisense
between the P201-202 strands?
sense and
antisense
strands of
DNA
7.3.3 Explain IBG 62 1) Explain the process of P 203 (7)
the process of CC 63-64 transcription mentioning
transcription P201-202 minor details.
in 352, 733.mp4
prokaryotes, 352, 733 (2).mp4
including the
role of the
promoter
region, RNA
polymerase,
nucleoside
triphosphates
and the
terminator
7.3.4 State IBG 61 1) What is RNA processing? P 203 (8)
that CC 63-64 2) Why does removal of
eukaryotic P203 introns exist? What is the
RNA needs 734.mp4 significance of that?
the removal 734 (2).mp4
of introns to 734 (3).mp4
form mature 734 (4).mp4
mRNA
7.4.1 Explain IBG 63 1) How does tRNA activation P 206 (11)
that each CC 65 occur?
tRNA P 204-205
molecule is 354, 741, 742, 746 (2).mp4
recognized
by a tRNA-
activating
enzyme that
binds a
specific
amino acid to
the tRNA,
using ATP
for energy
7.4.2 Outline IBG 63 1) What is the structure of
the structure CC 65 ribosomes?
of ribosomes, P 203-204
including 354, 742, 746.mp4
protein and 354, 742, 746 (3).mp4
RNA 354, 742, 746 (4).mp4
composition, 354, 742, 746 (5).mp4
large and 354, 741, 742, 746 (2).mp4
small
subunits,
three tRNA
binding sites
and mRNA
binding sites
7.4.3 State IBG 64-65 1) What are the phases of
that P 204 translation?
translation
consists of
initiation,
elongation,
translocation
and
termination
7.4.4 State IBG 64-65 1) In which direction do
that CC 67 ribosomes move during
translation P 205 translation?
occurs in a
5’→ 3’
direction
7.4.5 Draw IBG 63 1) Draw a diagram of a peptide
and label a CC 47 bond between 2 amino
diagram P 205 acids.
showing the
structure of a
peptide bond
between two
amino acids
7.4.6 Explain IBG 64-65 1) What is the process of P 206 (9)
the process of CC 66-67 translation (minor details)?
translation, P 204-206
including 354, 742, 746.mp4
ribosomes, 354, 742, 746 (3).mp4
polysomes, 354, 742, 746 (4).mp4
start codons 354, 742, 746 (5).mp4
and stop 354, 741, 742, 746 (2).mp4
codons
7.4.7 State IBG 63 1) What do free ribosomes P 206 (10)
that free CC 66 synthesize?
ribosomes P 206 2) What do ER-bound
synthesize ribosomes synthesize?
proteins for
use primarily
within the
cell, and that
bound
ribosomes
synthesize
proteins
primarily for
secretion or
for lysosomes
7.5.1 Explain IBG 66-67 1) What are the 4 levels of P 210 (12-14)
the four CC 47-48 protein structure? CC 53 (7)
levels of P 207-209
protein 751.mp4
structure,
indicating the
significance
of each level
7.5.2 Outline IBG 68 1) What is the difference
the difference CC 49 between fibrous and
between P 209 globular proteins?
fibrous and
globular
proteins, with
reference to
two examples
of each
protein type
7.5.3 Explain IBG 68 1) What is the significance of
the P 209-210 polar and non-polar amino
significance acids in the structure of
of polar and proteins?
non-polar
amino acids
7.5.4 State IBG 68 1) What are the functions of CC 50
four CC 49 proteins? (DBQ)
functions of P 207 CC 52 (4)
proteins,
giving a
named
example of
each
7.6.1 State IBG 71 1) What are metabolic СС 81
that CC 81 pathways?
metabolic P 210-211 2) What do they consist of?
pathways
consist of
chains and
cycles of
enzyme
catalysed
reactions
7.6.2 IBG 69 1) Describe the induced-fit P 214 (15)
Describe the CC 79 model.
induced-fit P 211 2) How is it different from the
model 362, 762.mp4 lock-and-key theory?
7.6.3 Explain IBG 69 1) What is activation energy?
that enzymes CC 79 2) How do enzymes perform
lower the P 211-212 their functions?
activation 763.mp4
energy of the
chemical
reactions that
they catalyse
7.6.4 Explain IBG 70 1) Outline the principles of P 214 (16)
the difference CC 80 competitive inhibition. CC 80
between P 212-213 2) Outline the principles of
competitive 764.mp4 non-competitive inhibition.
and non-
competitive
inhibition,
with
reference to
one example
of each
7.6.5 Explain IBG 71 1) Explain how allosteric
the control of CC 81 inhibition controls metabolic
metabolic P 213-214 pathways.
pathways by 765.mp4
end-product
inhibition,
including the
role of
allosteric
sites
Topic 8. Cell respiration and photosynthesis.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro P 217 1) Why do we care about this -
topic?
8.1.1 State IBG 73 1) What is the nature of
that oxidation CC 87 oxidation/reduction
involves the P 217-218 reactions?
loss of 2) Compare 3 types of
electrons oxidation reactions with 3
from an types of reduction reactions.
element, 3) Identify the types of
whereas reactions in a table on IBG
reduction 73.
involves a 4) What are electron carriers?
gain of
electrons; and
that oxidation
frequently
involves
gaining
oxygen or
losing
hydrogen,
whereas
reduction
frequently
involves
losing
oxygen or
gaining
hydrogen
8.1.2 Outline IBG 73 1) What is the summary of CC 88 (1, 2,
the process of CC 88 glycolysis? 4)
glycolysis, P 218-220 2) What are the 4 stages of
including 8.1.2.mp4 glycolysis?
phosphorylati 3) Is it aerobic/anaerobic in
on, lysis, nature?
oxidation and 4) Where does it take place?
ATP 5) What is substrate level
formation phosphorylation?
8.1.3 Draw IBG 76 1) Draw a diagram showing CC 90
and label a CC 90 main mitochondrial
diagram P 220, 23 components.
showing the
structure of a
mitochondrio
n as seen in
electron
micrographs
8.1.4 Explain IBG 74 1) How does pyruvate enter
aerobic CC 89 mitochondrial matrix?
respiration, P 221-223 2) What is link reaction? What
including the 8.1.4.mp4 is decarboxylation? What is
link reaction, 8.1.4 (2).mp4 coenzyme? What 2 events
the Krebs happen during link reaction?
cycle, the Why is it called oxidative
role of decarboxylation?
NADH + H+, 3) How is Acetyl-CoA
the electron connected with lipid
transport metabolism?
chain and the 4) Why is Krebs cycle a cycle?
role of Where does it occur?
oxygen 5) What are the steps of the
citric acid cycle?
6) What is the summary of
Krebs cycle in terms of
molecules produced?
7) How many molecules of
ATP are formed as a result
of substrate-level
phosphorylation during
aerobic glucose metabolism?
8.1.5 Explain IBG 75 1) What is the purpose of CC 91
oxidative CC 91 electron transport chain P 227 (1, 3,
phosphorylati P 223-226 (ETC)? 4, 5)
on in terms of 8.1.5.mp4 2) Where does it take place?
chemiosmosi 8.1.5 (2).mp4 3) What is it composed of?
s Cell respiration OVERALL.exe What are the molecules that
make up ETC? What is there
most important
characteristic?
4) What happens during ETC?
What are the sources of
electrons? What is the
ultimate acceptor of de-
energized electrons? What
would happen if it didn’t
accept the electrons?
5) How many molecules of
ATP are produced as a result
of FADH2 oxidation?
NADH?
6) What happens to the oxygen
that has accepted the
electrons?
7) Why is ETC so effective?
8) What is chemiosmosis?
9) What is the difference
between oxidative
phosphorylation and
substrate-level
phosphorylation?
10) What are the essential
components that mediate
chemiosmosis? Where are
they located?
11) What happens during
chemiosmosis?
12) How is ATP formed by ATP
synthase?
13) What is the summary of
complete aerobic glucose
metabolism? What are raw
materials? What are
products? Describe the
general energy flow. How
many ATPs are produced?
Why 30 and not 36? What
percentage of energy that is
stored in chemical bonds of
glucose is used to make
ATP? What is the rest being
used for?
8.1.6 Explain P 226-227 1) Outline the relationship P 227 (2)
the IBG 76 between the structures of CC 92
relationship CC 92 mitochondria and their
between the functions.
structure of
the
mitochondrio
n and its
function
8.2.1 Draw IBG 80 1) What are the essential P 236 (6, 7)
and label a CC 108 components of chloroplasts?
diagram P 227-228, 25 Draw a diagram and give all
showing the the relevant functions of the
structure of a components.
chloroplast as
seen in
electron
micrographs
8.2.2 State IBG 77 1) What are the two major
that P 228 phases of photosynthesis?
photosynthesi 2) How are these connected
s consists of with each other?
light- 3) During which phase organic
dependent molecules are produced?
and light
independent
reactions
8.2.3 Explain IBG 78 1) What is the initial source of P 236 (8)
the light- CC 103, 105 energy?
dependent P 228-230 2) What ―traps‖ light?
reactions 823.mp4 3) What are photosystems?
4) How many photosystems do
modern plants have? How
do those differ?
5) Where are photosystems
located?
6) Explain the steps of
photoactivation and
photolysis.
7) Where do electrons come
from?
8) What are the steps of light-
dependent phase of
photosynthesis?
9) What are the final products
of light-dependent
reactions?
8.2.4 Explain IBG 78, 81 1) Why is ATP synthesis called CC 104
photophosph CC 104 photophosphorylation? (DBQ)
orylation in P 230-231, 236 2) Outline the major steps of
terms of 824.mp4 photophosphorylation.
chemiosmosi 3) What is the difference
s between cyclic and non-
cyclic
photophosphorylation?
4) Why does cyclic
photophosphorylation
occur?
8.2.5 Explain IBG 79 1) Where does this phase take P 236 (9, 10)
the light- CC 106-107 place? CC 106, 107
independent P 231-232 2) What provides the energy (DBQs)
reactions 825.mp4 for this phase?
Photosynthesis OVERALL.exe 3) Outline the major steps of
this stage. What is the name
of the cycle that is used to
synthesize sugars?
4) Why does glycerate-3-
phosphate require reduction
by NADPH?
5) What is the process of RuBP
regeneration?
6) How many TPs, ATPs and
NADPHs are required to
make one glucose molecule?
7) Connect LDR and LIR.
Outline the overall summary
of LDR and LIR.
8.2.6 Explain IBG 80 1) Outline the relationship CC 108
the CC 108 between the structures of
relationship P 233 chloroplasts and their
between the functions.
structure of
the
chloroplast
and its
function
8.2.7 Explain IBG 77 1) What is absorption spectrum
the CC 101 of the plant?
relationship P 233-234 2) What is action spectrum of
between the photosynthesis?
action 3) Why do they appear similar?
spectrum and 4) Describe both graphs?
the 5) Why do absorption and
absorption action spectra for different
spectrum of plants vary?
photosyntheti 6) Why do pigments absorb
c pigments in only specific
green plants electromagnetic waves of
specific length?
7) Why is there some
photosynthesis in the green
to yellow range?
8) Deduce the color of kelp on
page 77 of IBG.
8.2.8 Explain IBG 81 1) What is a limiting factor?
the concept CC 102 2) What is rate-limiting step?
of limiting P 234-235 3) Discuss temperature, carbon
factors in dioxide concentration, light
photosynthesi intensity as limiting factors
s, with of photosynthesis.
reference to 4) Solve the problem (IBG 81).
light
intensity,
temperature
and
concentration
of carbon
dioxide
Topic 9: Plant science.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro P 238 1) Why do we care about -
http://nhscience.lonestar.edu/biol/ani plants?
matio.htm
http://plantsinmotion.bio.indiana.edu
/plantmotion/starthere.html
9.1.1 Draw IBG 83 Questions in the handout! CC 111
and label plan P 238-241 (DBQ)
diagrams to CC 110-112
show the Plant parts.mp4
distribution Plant structure.mp4
of tissues in Parts of the plant.exe
the stem and
leaf of a
dicotyledono
us plant
9.1.2 Outline IBG 86 Questions in the handout!
three P 242
differences CC 116
between the
structures of
dicotyledono
us and
monocotyled
onous plants
9.1.3 Explain IBG 83 Questions in the handout! P 246 (1)
the P 240-241 CC 112
relationship CC 112
between the
distribution
of tissues in
the leaf and
the functions
of these
tissues
9.1.4 Identify IBG 86 Questions in the handout! P 246 (3)
modifications P 243-244
of roots, CC 115
stems and
leaves for
different
functions:
bulbs, stem
tubers,
storage roots
and tendrils
9.1.5 State IBG 87 Questions in the handout! P 246 (2)
that P 244
dicotyledono CC 110
us plants
have apical
and lateral
meristems
9.1.6 IBG 87 Questions in the handout!
Compare P 244-245
growth due to CC 110
apical and
lateral
meristems in
dicotyledono
us plants
9.1.7 Explain IBG 87 Questions in the handout!
the role of P 245-246
auxin in CC 114
phototropism
as an
example of
the control of
plant growth
9.2.1 Outline IBG 84 Questions in the handout! P 256 (4, 5)
how the root P 247
system CC 115
provides a
large surface
area for
mineral ion
and water
uptake by
means of
branching
and root hairs
9.2.2 List IBG 84 Questions in the handout!
ways in P 247-249
which CC 115
mineral ions
in the soil
move to the
root
9.2.3 Explain IBG 84 Questions in the handout! CC 115
the process of P 248-249 (DBQ)
mineral ion CC 115
absorption
from the soil
into roots by
active
transport
9.2.4 State IBG 84 Questions in the handout!
that terrestrial P 249
plants CC 111
support
themselves
by means of
thickened
cellulose, cell
turgor and
lignified
xylem
9.2.5 Define IBG 84 Questions in the handout!
transpiration P 250
CC 118
9.2.6 Explain IBG 84 Questions in the handout! CC 120
how water is P 250-251 (DBQ)
carried by the CC 120
transpiration
stream,
including the
structure of
xylem
vessels,
transpiration
pull,
cohesion,
adhesion and
evaporation
9.2.7 State IBG 83 Questions in the handout!
that guard P 251-252
cells can CC 118
regulate
transpiration
by opening
and closing
stomata
9.2.8 State IBG 83 Questions in the handout!
that the plant P 252
hormone CC 118
abscisic acid
causes the
closing of
stomata
9.2.9 Explain IBG 83 Questions in the handout! CC 121
how the P 250 (DBQ)
abiotic CC 119
factors light,
temperature,
wind and
humidity,
affect the rate
of
transpiration
in a typical
terrestrial
plant
9.2.10 IBG 83 Questions in the handout!
Outline four P 251
adaptations CC 121
of xerophytes
that help to
reduce
transpiration
9.2.11 IBG 84 Questions in the handout! P 256 (6, 7)
Outline the P 252-256 CC 113
role of CC 113
phloem in Transport in plants.exe
active
translocation
of sugars
(sucrose) and
amino acids
from source
(photosynthet
ic tissue and
storage
organs) to
sink (fruits,
seeds, roots)
9.3.1 Draw IBG 85 Questions in the handout!
and label a P 256-257
diagram CC 125
showing the
structure of a
dicotyledono
us animal-
pollinated
flower
9.3.2 IBG 85 Questions in the handout!
Distinguish P 257-259
between CC 125
pollination,
fertilization
and seed
dispersal
9.3.3 Draw IBG 85 Questions in the handout! P 262 (8, 10)
and label a P 259-260
diagram CC 122
showing the
external and
internal
structure of a
named
dicotyledono
us seed
9.3.4 Explain IBG 85 Questions in the handout! P 262 (9)
the P 259 CC 122
conditions CC 123 (DBQ)
needed for
the
germination
of a typical
seed
9.3.5 Outline IBG 85 Questions in the handout! P 262 (11)
the metabolic P 260
processes CC 123
during Seeds and lifecycle.exe
germination
of a starchy
seed
9.3.6 Explain IBG 87 Questions in the handout!
how P 260-261
flowering is CC 124
controlled in
long-day and
short-day
plants,
including the
role of
phytochrome
Topic 10: Genetics (AHL).
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
10.1.1 IBG 94 1) Outline the process of P 271 (1)
Describe the P 266-267 meiosis phase by phase
behaviour of CC 127-128 describing the behavior of
the 423, 1011.exe the chromosomes in the
chromosomes 1011.exe phases and drawing the
in the phases 423, 1011.mp4 diagrams.
of meiosis 423, 1011 (2).mp4
423, 1011 (3).mp4
423, 1011 (4).mp4
423, 1011 (5).mp4
423, 1011 (6).mp4
10.1.2 P 267-268 1) What are the two P 271 (2)
Outline the IBG 93 mechanisms that ensure
formation of CC 131 genetic variety in offspring?
chiasmata in 2) Outline the process of
the process of crossing over including the
crossing over formation of synapsis and
bivalent (tetrad), exchange
of DNA sections of chiasma
formation.
10.1.3 P 269 1) What are the two
Explain how IBG 94 mechanisms that ensure
meiosis CC 131 genetic variety in offspring?
results in an 2) How does crossing over
effectively contribute to genetic
infinite variety?
genetic 3) How does independent
variety in assortment contribute to
gametes genetic variety?
through 4) What are the chances
crossing over parents could have two
in prophase I identical children (not
and random identical twins)?
orientation in
metaphase I
10.1.4 State P 270 1) What does law of
Mendel’s law IBG 89 independent assortment say?
of CC 150 2) Are there any exceptions?
independent
assortment
10.1.5 P 270-271 1) What is the significance of P 271 (3)
Explain the CC 151 the law of independent
relationship IBG 89 assortment for meiosis (2
between distinct points to be made).
Mendel’s law
of
independent
assortment
and meiosis
10.2.1 P 272-273 1) What is a dihybrid cross?
Calculate and CC 150 2) Perform a complete dihybrid
predict the IBG 89-90 cross between true-breeding
genotypic round yellow pea and green
and wrinkled pea. Allow F1 to
phenotypic self-pollinate and predict the
ratio of ratio using 4x4 Punnet grid.
offspring of 3) What are the laws of
dihybrid independent assortment and
crosses segregation?
involving 4) Consider other types of
unlinked dyhibrid crosses and their
autosomal possible ratios (include
genes interaction between genes).
10.2.2 P 273-274 1) Distinguish between P 277 (4)
Distinguish IBG 28 autosomal chromosomes
between CC 153 (autosomes) and sex
autosomes chromosomes.
and sex 2) How does one tell the
chromosomes difference between sex-
linkage and autosomal-
linkage of a particular trait?
10.2.3 P 274 1) Outline the process of allele
Explain how CC 153 exchange by crossing over.
crossing over IBG 93 2) What is recombination?
between non- What is a recombinant?
sister
chromatids of
a
homologous
pair in
prophase I
can result in
an exchange
of alleles
10.2.4 Define P 274-275 1) What is a linkage group?
linkage group CC 152 What are linked genes?
IBG 92 2) What are the principles that
govern their inheritance?
3) How was gene linkage
discovered?
10.2.5 P 275-277 1) How do we show CC 152
Explain an CC 152-153 diagrammatically that two (DBQ), 153
example of a IBG 92-93 loci are located on the same (DBQ)
cross chromosome? How do we
between two read such diagrams?
linked genes 2) Perform a cross that
involves gene linkage.
10.2.6 P 277 1) What is the meaning for the P 277 (5)
Identify CC 153 word ―recombinant‖?
which of the IBG 93 2) How do you identify
offspring are recombinant chromosomes?
recombinants Recombinant organisms
in a dihybrid
cross
involving
linked genes
10.3.1 Define P 278 1) What is polygenic P 281 (6)
polygenic CC 154 inheritance?
inheritance IBG 91 2) Give examples of traits that
follow polygenic
inheritance.
3) What is continuous
variation?
4) Why the variation due to
polygenic inheritance is
normally continuous? What
other factors apart from
genetic ones are influence
the phenotypes?
10.3.2 P 278-281 1) Describe grain color in P 281 (7, 8)
Explain that CC 155 wheat as an example of
polygenic IBG 91 polygenic inheritance.
inheritance 2) Describe skin color in
can humans as an example of
contribute to polygenic inheritance. What
continuous do we need melanin for?
variation 3) Describe eye color in
using two humans as an example of
examples, polygenic inheritance.
one of which
must be
human skin
colour
Topic 11. Human health and physiology.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
11.1.1 P 283-284 1) Why does blood clot? P 290 (1)
Describe the CC 226 2) What are the main
process of IBG 98 components of the blood
blood clotting 1111.mp4 clotting system?
1111 (2).mp4 3) Outline the sequence of
events which lead to a blood
clot?
11.1.2 P 284-286 1) How does immune system P 290 (2)
Outline the IBG 96-97 differentiate between self
principle of CC 220 and not-self cells?
challenge and 1112.mp4 2) How does the body deal
response, with the inadequate number
clonal of specific types of B
selection and lymphocytes?
memory cells 3) How do macrophages
as the basis participate in antigen
of immunity presentation?
4) How does B cell activation
occur?
5) What is cell cloning?
6) What types of cells are
produced as a result of cell
cloning? What are their
roles?
7) What is the difference
between a primary infection
and a secondary infection?
8) Describe the principles of
immunity that apply to all
infections.
11.1.3 Define P 286 1) What is the difference CC 220
active and IBG 97 between passive and active CC 222
passive CC 220 immunity? (DBQ)
immunity 2) Give examples of passive
immunisation.
11.1.4 P 286 1) What is a polyclonal -
Explain IBG 96 response?
antibody CC 220 2) Review the principles of
production 1114.mp4 antibody production.
11.1.5 P 286-288 1) Describe the process of P 290 (3)
Describe the IBG 98 monoclonal antibody
production of CC 221 production.
monoclonal http://highered.mcgraw- 2) Discuss the uses on
antibodies hill.com/sites/0072556781/student_ monoclonal antibodies for
and their use view0/chapter32/animation_quiz_3. diagnosis and treatment.
in diagnosis html
and in http://www.sumanasinc.com/webco
treatment ntent/animations/content/monoclon
alantibodies.html
11.1.6 P 288 1) What is the essence of CC 222 (Q)
Explain the IBG 97 immunity?
principle of http://www.immunisation.nhs.uk/A 2) How are vaccines prepared?
vaccination bout_Immunisation/Science/How_i 3) What is the purpose of
mmunisation_works_-_animation vaccines?
4) Why do doctors sometimes
give several vaccines instead
of one for the same
pathogen?
5) What is the difference
between primary and
secondary immune
responses?
11.1.7 P 289 1) Which disease has been CC 223
Discuss the IBG 97 completely eradicated with (DBQ)
benefits and the help of vaccination?
dangers of 2) What are dangers and
vaccination benefits of vaccination?
11.2.1 State P 290-292 1) What is a joint? P 299 (8)
the roles of CC 253 2) What is arthrology? CC 253
bones, IBG 99 3) What is rheumatology? (DBQ)
ligaments, 4) What is kinesiology?
muscles, 5) What do joints do?
tendons and 6) What do most joints
nerves in include?
human 7) What do bones do?
movement 8) Why are we able to run?
9) What attaches muscles to
bones?
10) What are tendons?
11) What determines the type or
range of motion possible in
any particular area of the
body?
12) How do bones function to
magnify the force provided
by muscle contraction?
13) What do muscles do?
14) Why is it essential for
muscles to occur as
antagonistic pairs?
15) What are ligaments? What is
their function?
16) What do neurons do?
17) What do proprioceptors and
associated with them
neurons do?
11.2.2 Label P 292-293 1) What is a hinge joint? P 299 (4)
a diagram of CC 254 2) What are the bones of the
the human IBG 99 elbow joint?
elbow joint, 1122.mp4 3) Outline the structure of the
including elbow joint and the
cartilage, functions of the structures
synovial involved.
fluid, joint 4) Why is it called a synovial
capsule, joint?
named bones 5) What are diarthrotic joints?
and
antagonistic
muscles
(biceps and
triceps)
11.2.3
Outline the
functions of
the structures
in the human
elbow joint
named in
11.2.2
11.2.4 P 293-294 1) Outline the structure of the
Compare the CC 254 hip joint.
movements IBG 99 2) What are the differences
of the hip 1124.mp4 between hinge joint and
joint and the ball-and-socket joint.
knee joint
11.2.5
Describe the
structure of
striated
muscle fibres,
including the
myofibrils
with light and
dark bands,
mitochondria,
the
sarcoplasmic
reticulum,
nuclei and the
sarcolemma
11.2.6 Draw
and label a
diagram to
show the
structure of a
sarcomere,
including Z
lines, actin
filaments,
myosin
filaments
with heads,
and the
resultant light
and dark
bands
11.2.7
Explain how
skeletal
muscle
contracts,
including the
release of
calcium ions
from the
sarcoplasmic
reticulum, the
formation of
cross-bridges,
the sliding of
actin and
myosin
filaments,
and the use of
ATP to break
cross-bridges
and re-set
myosin heads
11.2.8
Analyse
electron
micrographs
to find the
state of
contraction of
muscle fibres
11.3.1 Define P 300 1) What is the role of the
excretion CC 233 kidneys?
IBG 101 2) What is excretion?
3) Why is excretion important?
4) What are the substances that
get excreted?
5) What are the excretory
products?
6) What are the essential stages
in the excretion process?
11.3.2 Draw P 300 1) What does renal artery do? CC 233
and label a CC 233 2) What does renal vein do? (DBQ)
diagram of IBG 101 3) What is urine?
the kidney 1132.mp4 4) What is ureter?
5) What is urinary bladder?
6) What are the essential
structures found within
kidneys?
11.3.3 P 301 1) What are nephrons?
Annotate a CC 234 2) Draw and label the structure
diagram of a IBG 101 of a nephron along with
glomerulus 1133.mp4 associated blood vessels.
and 1133, 1134, 1136, 1137.mp4 Annotate the functions of
associated different constituent parts.
nephron to
show the
function of
each part
11.3.4 P 301-302 1) What does afferent arteriole P 306 (9)
Explain the CC 235 do? What does efferent CC 235
process of IBG 101 arteriole do? (DBQ)
ultrafiltration, 1133, 1134, 1136, 1137.mp4 2) What is glomerulus?
including 3) What are the adaptations of
blood the glomerulus that allow it
pressure, to perform its functions?
fenestrated 4) What is ultrafiltration?
blood 5) What is glomerular filtrate?
capillaries What is it composed of?
and basement What is excluded from it?
membrane
11.3.5 Define P 303 1) What is osmoregulation?
osmoregulati IBG 102 2) What does removal of water
on СС 238 from the body depend on?
11.3.6 P 302-303 1) Why is reabsorption P 306 (10)
Explain the CC 236 required?
reabsorption IBG 102 2) Where does most of the
of glucose, 1133, 1134, 1136, 1137.mp4 reabsorption occur?
water and 3) What is the function of
salts in the peritubular capillaries?
proximal 4) Describe the structure of
convoluted proximal convoluted tubule
tubule, mentioning the important
including the features which make PCT so
roles of well adapted for
microvilli, reabsorption.
osmosis and 5) Describe the ways in which
active salt ions, water and glucose
transport get reabsorbed. How much
of these substances get
reabsorbed?
11.3.7 P 303-305 1) Describe the role that loop P 306 (11)
Explain the IBG 102 of Henle plays in the CC 237
roles of the СС 237 functioning of kidneys. (DBQ)
loop of 1133, 1134, 1136, 1137.mp4 2) Describe the role that
Henle, collecting ducts play in the
medulla, functioning of kidneys.
collecting 3) Describe the role of ADH in
duct and the functioning of kidneys.
ADH
(vasopressin)
in
maintaining
the water
balance of the
blood
11.3.8 P 305 1) Explain the values obtained P 306 (12)
Explain the IBG 102 for protein, glucose and urea
differences in concentrations in blood
the plasma, glomerular filtrate
concentration and urine.
of proteins,
glucose and
urea between
blood plasma,
glomerular
filtrate and
urine
11.3.9 P 306 1) What is diabetes
Explain the IBG 101 characterized by?
presence of 2) Why do untreated diabetics
glucose in the have glucose in their urine?
urine of
untreated
diabetic
patients
Topic G: Ecology and conservation.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro P 552 1) Why do we care about this
topic?
G.1.1 Outline P 553-554 1) Outline how all of these P 562 (1)
the factors IBG 152 factors affect the distribution
that affect the of plant species.
distribution
of plant
species,
including
temperature,
water, light,
soil pH,
salinity and
mineral
nutrients
G.1.2 Explain P 554-556 1) Outline how all of these P 562 (2)
the factors IBG 152 factors affect the distribution CC 328
that affect the of animal species. (Inquiry)
distribution
of animal
species,
including
temperature,
water,
breeding
sites, food
supply and
territory
G.1.3 P 556 1) Why do scientists use
Describe one IBG 152 random sampling? Why is it
method of so called?
random 2) How large should the
sampling, quadrats be?
based on 3) What are the steps of the
quadrat procedure?
methods, that
is used to
compare the
population
size of two
plant or two
animal
species
G.1.4 Outline P 557 1) When would you use CC 328
the use of a IBG 152 transect? (Inquiry)
transect to 2) What is the procedure?
correlate the
distribution
of plant or
animal
species with
an abiotic
variable
G.1.5 Explain P 557 1) What is organism’s niche? P 562 (3)
what is meant IBG 153 2) What does it include?
by the niche 3) What is spatial habitat?
concept, 4) How do feeding activities
including an contribute to ecosystem
organism’s functioning?
spatial
habitat, its
feeding
activities and
its
interactions
with other
species
G.1.6 Outline P 557-559 1) What type of interactions CC 335
the following IBG 153 between species exist? Give (DBQ), 329
interactions specific examples. (Inquiry)
between 2) Outline competition giving
species, specific examples.
giving two 3) Outline herbivory giving
examples of specific examples.
each: 4) Outline predation giving
competition, specific examples.
herbivory, 5) Outline parasitism giving
predation, specific examples.
parasitism 6) Outline mutualism giving
and specific examples.
mutualism
G.1.7 Explain P 559-560 1) What does principle of P 562 (4)
the principle CC 329 competitive exclusion
of IBG 153 mean?
competitive 2) Outline an experiment
exclusion preformed by Gause which
proved the existence of such
principle?
G.1.8 P 560 1) Outline the difference
Distinguish IBG 153 between fundamental and
between realized niches.
fundamental 2) Give definitions of both
and realized types of niches.
niches
G.1.9 Define P 561 1) What is biomass? What is P 562 (5)
biomass IBG 154 excluded from it’s
calculation? What is the unit
of measurement?
G.1.10 P 561-562 1) How does one determine the
Describe one IBG 154 biomass?
method for
the
measurement
of biomass of
different
trophic levels
in an
ecosystem
G.2.1 Define P 562-565 1) What do pyramids of energy
gross IBG 154 represent? How much
production, CC 328 energy gets transferred from
net one trophic level to the
production next? Analyze the pyramid
and biomass on P 564 and describe it in
your own words.
2) What is productivity?
3) Define gross production, net
production and biomass.
G.2.2 P 565 1) What is the formula one CC 330
Calculate IBG 154 uses to calculate gross and (DBQ)
values for CC 328 net production?
gross 2) Do the calculations
production yourselves using data on
and net IBG154.
production
using the
equation:
gross
production
G.2.3 Discuss P 566-567 1) What are some difficulties P 572 (6)
the IBG 154 associated with classifying
difficulties of organisms into trophic
classifying levels?
organisms
into trophic
levels
G.2.4 Explain P 566 1) What is a pyramid of
the small IBG 154 biomass? How is it related
biomass and to pyramid of energy?
low numbers 2) What is a pyramid of
of organisms numbers? What is the
in higher connection between all
trophic levels pyramids?
3) Why do we have such a
small amount of biomass
and low number of
organisms in higher trophic
levels?
G.2.5 P 565-566 1) Construct a pyramid of
Construct a IBG 154 energy using info from P
pyramid of 565, IBG 154
energy, given
appropriate
information
G.2.6 P 567-568 1) What is succession? P 572 (7)
Distinguish IBG 155 2) What is primary succession
between CC 330 characterized by?
primary and G26.mp4 3) What is secondary
secondary G26 (2).mp4 succession characterized by?
succession, G26 (3).mp4 4) Compare and contrast those
using an G26 (4).mp4 two processes.
example of 5) What are pioneer species
each and climax community?
G.2.7 Outline P 568-569 1) Describe foredune.
the changes IBG 155 2) Describe yellow dune.
in species 3) Describe grey dune.
diversity and 4) Describe mature dune.
production 5) What are some of the
during changes that occur during
primary the development of an
succession ecosystem?
G.2.8 Explain P 569 1) How do living organisms CC 331
the effects of IBG 155 change the abiotic (DBQ)
living CC 330 environment? P 572 (8)
organisms on
the abiotic
environment,
with
reference to
the changes
occurring
during
primary
succession
G.2.9 P 570 1) What is biome? What is
Distinguish IBG 155 biosphere? What is the
between difference between them?
biome and
biosphere
G.2.10 P 570 1) How do these factors affect
Explain how IBG 155 the distribution of biomes?
rainfall and
temperature
affect the
distribution
of biomes
G.2.11 P 570-571 1) Present 6 biomes to the rest CC 331
Outline the IBG 155 of the class. (Inquiry)
characteristic G211.mp4 P 572 (9)
s of six major
biomes
G.3.1 P 572-574 1) What is biodiversity?
Calculate the IBG 156 2) What are the two ways
Simpson biological diversity can be
diversity described? Explain.
index for two 3) What is Simpson diversity
local index designed to measure?
communities 4) What is the formula for it?
5) What is the methodology?
6) What can it be used for?
G.3.2 P 572-574 1) Analyze the biodiversity of
Analyse the IBG 156 the 2 communities using
biodiversity Simpson index.
of the two
local
communities
using the
Simpson
index
G.3.3 Discuss P 574-575 1) What are the economical P 581 (10)
reasons for IBG 156 reasons for conservation of
the rainforests?
conservation 2) What are the ecological
of reasons for conservation of
biodiversity rainforests?
using 3) What are the ethical reasons
rainforests as for conservation of
an example rainforests?
4) What are the aesthetic
reasons for conservation of
rainforests?
5) What are the arguments
against the conservation of
rainforests?
G.3.4 List P 575-577 1) Define native species. CC 332
three IBG 157 2) List examples of (Inquiry,
examples of CC 332 introduction of alien species question)
the that have had significant
introduction impacts on ecosystems.
of alien
species that
have had
significant
impacts on
ecosystems
G.3.5 Discuss P 577-578 1) Discuss interspecific
the impacts IBG 157 competition as one of the
of alien G35.mp4 impacts of alien species
species on introduction?
ecosystems 2) Discuss predation as one of
the impacts of alien species
introduction?
3) Discuss species extinction as
one of the impacts of alien
species introduction?
G.3.6 Outline P 578-579 1) What is biological control? P 581 (11)
one example CC 332 2) Describe examples of
of biological IBG 157 biological control of
control of invasive species.
invasive
species
G.3.7 Define P 579 1) What is bioaccumulation?
biomagnificat IBG 156 2) What is biomagnification?
ion CC 332 Explain the concept. What
G37.mp4 type of tissue toxins which
can easily bioaccumulate are
normally found in?
G.3.8 Explain P 579-580 1) Describe two examples of CC 333
the cause and IBG 156 biomagnification showing (DBQ)
consequences causes and consequences.
of
biomagnificat
ion, using a
named
example
G.3.9 Outline P 580 1) Outline the effects of P 581 (12)
the effects of IBG 157 ultraviolet (UV) radiation on
ultraviolet living tissues and biological
(UV) productivity.
radiation on
living tissues
and
biological
productivity
G.3.10 P 580-581 1) What is ozone layer? Where P 581 (13)
Outline the IBG 157 is it found? What does it do?
effect of G310.mp4 What is the chemistry
chlorofluoroc G310 (2).mp4 leading to formation of
arbons ozone?
(CFCs) on 2) Outline the effect of CFCs
the ozone on ozone. What is the
layer chemistry behind the effect?
What is ozone hole? Why
are CFCs are such a
problem?
G.3.11 State P 580-581 3) What is Montreal protocol? CC 333
that ozone in IBG 157 (DBQ)
the
stratosphere
absorbs UV
radiation
G.4.1 Explain P 582-584 1) What are indicator species? P 588 (14)
the use of IBG 158 Give examples. CC 335
biotic indices CC 334-335 2) How would you use them to (DBQ)
and indicator G41.mp4 assess the levels of
species in pollution?
monitoring 3) What is biotic index? How
environmenta would you use it for
l change monitoring pollution? What
can it be used for?
G.4.2 Outline P 584 1) Describe what happened to P 588 (15)
the factors IBG 160 Carolina parakeet and all of
that G42.mp4 the factors that lead to its
contributed to extinction.
the extinction
of one named
animal
species
G.4.3 Outline P 585 1) What are the 3
the IBG 158 biogeographic features that
biogeographi are taken into account when
cal features nature reserves are planned?
of nature 2) How does the size of nature
reserves that reserve influence
promote the biodiversity?
conservation 3) What is edge effect and how
of diversity does it affect biodiversity?
4) What are corridors?
G.4.4 Discuss P 586-587 1) Discuss restoration,
the role of IBG 158 recovery of threatened
active species, removal of
management introduced species, legal
techniques in protection against
conservation development or pollution,
funding and prioritizing as
examples of active
management techniques in
conservation.
G.4.5 Discuss P 587 1) What is the aim of in situ P 588 (16)
the IBG 158 conservation methods?
advantages of 2) What do in situ conservation
in situ methods do? What are the
conservation advantages?
of 3) What are some of the
endangered problems associated with
species these methods?
(terrestrial
and aquatic
nature
reserves)
G.4.6 Outline P 587-588 1) When would one use ex situ
the use of ex IBG 158 conservation methods?
situ 2) What are the 3 methods of
conservation ex situ conservation?
measures, 3) Describe captive breeding,
including botanical gardens and seed
captive banks as examples of ex situ
breeding of conservation methods.
animals,
botanic
gardens and
seed banks
G.5.1 P 589-590 1) Outline what would happen P 595 (17)
Distinguish IBG 159 to two different species
between r- CC 337 exhibiting drastically
strategies and antagonistic survival
K-strategies strategies in the event of a
natural disaster?
2) What are r-strategists? K-
strategists? Are there
intermediates?
3) Compare and contrast r-
strategists and K-strategists.
G.5.2 Discuss P 590-591 1) Describe the environment
the IBG 159 that favours r-strategists.
environmenta 2) Describe the environment
l conditions that favours K-strategists.
that favour 3) What type of strategy does
either r- ecological disruption favor?
strategies or 4) Outline the relationship
K-strategies between stability and
complexity of an ecosystem.
G.5.3 P 591 1) What is CMRR? What is it
Describe one IBG 159 used for?
technique 2) What does it involve? What
used to is the procedure?
estimate the 3) What is the formula?
population 4) What are the limitations?
size of an
animal
species based
on a capture–
mark–
release–
recapture
method
G.5.4 P 592-593 1) Why is it difficult to P 595 (18)
Describe the IBG 160 estimate sizes of fish stocks?
methods used 2) How do scientists estimate
to estimate the size of commercial fish
the size of stocks?
commercial
fish stocks
G.5.5 Outline P 593 1) What is MSY? Explain the CC 338
the concept IBG 160 concept. (DBQ)
of maximum CC 337-338
sustainable
yield in the
conservation
of fish stocks
G.5.6 Discuss P 593-595 1) What are the current trends P 595 (19)
international IBG 160 in seafood abundance and
measures that distribution?
would 2) What can be done to
promote the improve the situation?
conservation
of fish
Option H: Further human physiology.
Цель Материалы Вопросы Проверка
знаний и
Домашнее
задание
Intro H2 - digestion overall summary 1) What is the summary of the -
digestion process?
H.1.1 State P 601 1) What are endocrine glands?
that IBG 162 2) What are hormones?
hormones are CC 339 3) How are they transported?
chemical H11, H14.mp4 4) What do they have an effect
messengers H11, H14 (2).mp4 on?
secreted by H11, H14 (3).mp4 5) Give examples of different
endocrine glands and hormones.
glands into 6) Describe pancreas as an
the blood and endocrine and exocrine
transported to gland.
specific
target cells
H.1.2 State P 602 1) What are the different types
that IBG 162 of hormones?
hormones can CC 339 2) Give specific examples of
be steroids, each type.
proteins and
tyrosine
derivatives,
with one
example of
each
H.1.3 P 602 1) How do steroid and protein P 604 (2)
Distinguish IBG 162 hormones differ in terms of
between the CC 339 their mode of action? Give
mode of H13.mp4 details.
action of H13 (2).mp4
steroid
hormones
and protein
hormones
H.1.4 Outline P 603 1) How are hypothalamus, P 604 (3)
the IBG 162 pituitary and other glands
relationship CC 339 connected with each other?
between the H11, H14.mp4 2) Is pituitary gland a singular
hypothalamus H11, H14 (2).mp4 gland?
and the H11, H14 (3).mp4 3) Outline the structure of
pituitary posterior pituitary and its
gland connection with
hypothalamus. Give specific
examples of hormones that
are secreted from posterior
pituitary. Outline the
mechanism of secretion.
4) Outline the structure of
anterior pituitary and its
connection with
hypothalamus. Give specific
examples of hormones
secreted by anterior
pituitary. Outline the
mechanism of secretion.
H.1.5 Explain P 604 1) What is the hormone that CC 340
the control of IBG 162 regulates body water (DBQ)
ADH http://highered.mcgraw- content? What is its effect? CC 340
(vasopressin) hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_ 2) Outline the mechanism of (Inquiry)
secretion by view0/chapter20/animation__horm ADH secretion. P 604 (1)
negative onal_communication.html 3) What is the relationship
feedback between bodily water
content regulation and
negative feedback
mechanism?
H.2.1 State
that digestive
juices are
secreted into
the
alimentary
canal by
glands,
including
salivary
glands,
gastric glands
in the
stomach wall,
the pancreas
and the wall
of the small
intestine
H.2.2 Explain
the structural
features of
exocrine
gland cells
H.2.3
Compare the
composition
of saliva,
gastric juice
and
pancreatic
juice
H.2.4 Outline
the control of
digestive
juice
secretion by
nerves and
hormones,
using the
example of
secretion of
gastric juice
H.2.5 Outline
the role of
membrane
bound
enzymes on
the surface of
epithelial
cells in the
small
intestine in
digestion
H.2.6 Outline
the reasons
for cellulose
not being
digested in
the
alimentary
canal
H.2.7 Explain IBG 164 1) What are zymogens?
why pepsin P 608-609 2) Why do they exist?
and trypsin CC 343 3) How are pepsinogen and
are initially trypsinogen activated?
synthesized
as inactive
precursors
and how they
are
subsequently
activated
H.2.8 Discuss IBG 164 1) What was believed to be the
the roles of P 610-611 cause of stomach ulcers
gastric acid http://www.sumanasinc.com/sciencei before the discovery of H.
and nfocus/helicobacter/helicobacter_fla. pylori.
Helicobacter html 2) What is H. pylori?
pylori in the 3) What are some of the facts
development about H. pylori and its
of stomach relation to gastritis, stomach
ulcers and ulcers and stomach cancer?
stomach
cancers
H.2.9 Explain IBG 164 1) Why is digestion of lipids CC 343
the problem P 609-610 such a problem? (DBQ)
of lipid http://www.biologyinmotion.com/bile 2) What happens with fat in the P 611 (5, 6)
digestion in a /index.html alimentary canal?
hydrophilic http://www.yteach.co.uk/page.php/re 3) What is the enzyme that aids
medium and sources/view_all?id=Digestion_Enzym in the digestion of lipids?
the role of e_Amylase_Protease_Lipase_t_page_ 4) What are some of its
bile in 13&from=search characteristics?
overcoming 5) What are bile, bile salts and
this emulsification?
H.3.1 Draw P 611 1) What are the sections of P 614 (7)
and label a CC 344 small intestine?
diagram IBG 165 2) What are the layers of
showing a smooth muscle which
transverse control the movement of
section of the food down the alimentary
ileum as seen canal?
under a light 3) What is peristalsis?
microscope 4) What is intestinal mucosa?
What is its purpose?
5) What are villi? What
function do they perform?
6) What is their structure?
H.3.2 Explain P 612 1) What are microvilli? What is P 614 (8)
the structural CC 344 their function?
features of an IBG 165 2) Why do epithelial cells have
epithelial cell H32.mp4 so many mitochondria and
of a villus as pinocytotic vesicles?
seen in 3) What are tight junctions and
electron why are they so important
micrographs, for the proper functioning of
including the small intestine?
microvilli,
mitochondria,
pinocytotic
vesicles and
tight
junctions
H.3.3 Explain P 613 1) What are the transport CC 345
the CC 344 mechanisms used to absorb (DBQ)
mechanisms IBG 165 foods?
used by the http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com/ 2) Describe facilitated
ileum to 2008/03/16/absorption-of-digested- diffusion, simple diffusion,
absorb and food-molecules/ active transport and
transport pinocytosis.
food, 3) How does absorption of fat
including happen?
facilitated
diffusion,
active
transport and
endocytosis
H.3.4 List the P 614 1) List the substances that are
materials that CC 344 not digested and are
are not IBG 165 eliminated.
absorbed and
are egested
H.4.1 Outline P 614-615 1) What are the liver cells P 618 (9, 11)
the CC 345-346 called?
circulation of IBG 166 2) What are the major blood
blood H41.mp4 vessels that are associated
through liver with the liver?
tissue, 3) What are sinusoids?
including the 4) What is so special about
hepatic liver blood circulation?
artery, 5) What is a portal system of
hepatic portal circulation?
vein, 6) Describe the characteristics
sinusoids and of hepatic portal vein.
hepatic vein 7) Describe the characteristics
of sinusoids.
H.4.2 Explain P 616 1) Use glucose as an example
the role of the CC 345-346 to show how liver is
liver in IBG 166 involved in regulation of
regulating H42, H43.mp4 nutrients in the blood.
levels of
nutrients in
the blood
H.4.3 Outline P 616 1) Show how liver is involved P 618 (10)
the role of the CC 345-346 in storage of the mentioned
liver in the IBG 166 substances.
storage of H42, H43.mp4
nutrients,
including
carbohydrate,
iron, vitamin
A and
vitamin D
H.4.4 State P 616 1) Show how liver is involved
that the liver IBG 166 in the synthesis of said
synthesizes CC 345-346 substances.
plasma
proteins and
cholesterol
H.4.5 State P 617 1) Outline the role of liver in
that the liver CC 346 detoxification process.
has a role in IBG 166
detoxification
H.4.6 P 617 1) What are the 3 primary
Describe the CC 347 effects of the alcohol on the
process of IBG 166 liver tissue?
erythrocyte H46.mp4 2) What are some of the facts
and associated with alcohol liver
hemoglobin damage?
breakdown in
the liver,
including
phagocytosis,
digestion of
globin and
bile pigment
formation
H.4.7 Explain P 617-618 1) What is the lifespan of a CC 346
the liver IBG 166 typical erythrocyte? (DBQ)
damage H47.mp4 2) Where do they come from?
caused by H47 (2).mp4 3) How is liver involved in red
excessive H47 (3).mp4 blood cell recycling?
alcohol 4) What do Kupffer cells do?
consumption 5) What is the structure of
heamoglobin?
6) What are the major events
happening in Kupffer cells
after haemoglobin
ingestion?
7) What is jaundice?
H.5.1 Explain P 619-620 1) What is a cardiac cycle? P 627 (12,
the events of IBG 167 2) What is a heart rate? 13)
the cardiac H51.mp4 3) What is systole and diastole?
cycle, H51 (2).mp4 4) What is the purpose of the
including H51 (3).mp4 valves?
atrial and 5) Identify all of the heart
ventricular valves and describe their
systole and functions.
diastole, and 6) Why aren’t there valves
heart sounds between veins and atria?
7) Are there artificial valves?
8) What is a heart murmur?
9) Where do the heart sounds
come from?
10) Describe when the heart
sounds would normally be
heard in a person with a
heart rate of 72 beats per
minute?
H.5.2 P 620-621 1) Describe the state of the CC 347
Analyse data IBG 167 heart chambers in terms of (DBQ)
showing blood pressure and volume
pressure and during diastole? when
volume atrium is in systole? when
changes in atrium is in diastole and
the left ventricle is in systole?
atrium, left
ventricle and
the aorta,
during the
cardiac cycle
H.5.3 Outline P 622-624 1) What are the factors that P 627 (14)
the IBG 167 affect heart rate?
mechanisms CC 347-348 2) What is myogenic control?
that control H53.mp4 3) What is SA node? Where is
the heartbeat, H53 (2).mp4 it? What does it do?
including the 4) What is AV node? Where is
roles of the it? What does it do?
SA 5) What are the conducting
(sinoatrial) fibers and what is their
node, AV purpose?
(atrioventricu 6) Why does the hate rate
lar) node and change when you exercise?
conducting 7) Outline the roles of
fibres in the chemoreceptors and medulla
ventricular oblongata in the control of
walls the heart rate.
8) What happens when you
stop exercising?
9) Does ANS change the
sequence of events which
occur within the heart?
10) How is ANS involved in
maintenance of
homeostasis?
H.5.4 Outline P 625-626 1) What is atherosclerosis -
atherosclerosi IBG 168 characterized by? What is
s and the CC 348-349 plaque composed of? Where
causes of H54.mp4 is plaque build-up most
coronary noticeable? What is the
thrombosis effect of plaque built-up on
the physical characteristics
of arteries? What is the end
result of atherosclerosis
development?
2) What are coronary arteries?
What is coronary
thrombosis?
H.5.5 Discuss P 626-627 1) What is CHD? CC 348
factors that IBG 168 2) Outline the controllable and (DBQ)
affect the CC 348-349 uncontrollable factors of
incidence of CHD development?
coronary
heart disease
H.6.1 Define P 627-628 1) What is the structure of -
partial IBG 169 erythrocytes?
pressure CC 349-350 2) What is the structure of
hemoglobin? What is the
function of hemoglobin?\
3) Describe how hemoglobin
binds to oxygen? How does
oxygen binding affect the
hemoglobin affinity for it?
4) What are oxygen
dissociation curves?
5) What is a partial pressure of
gases?
H.6.2 Explain P 629-631 1) Describe a typical oxygen P 634 (15)
the oxygen IBG 169 dissociation curve.
dissociation CC 349-350 2) How does loading and
curves of H62.mp4 unloading of hemoglobin
adult occur?
hemoglobin, 3) What is myoglobin
fetal structure? What is its
hemoglobin function?
and 4) Compare myoglobin to
myoglobin hemoglobin in terms of
oxygen affinity.
5) What is the difference
between fetal hemoglobin
and adult hemoglobin in
terms of oxygen affinity?
H.6.3 P 632 1) What is the source of carbon -
Describe how IBG 170 dioxide?
carbon CC 350 2) What are the ways in which
dioxide is H63.mp4 carbon dioxide is
carried by the H63 (2).mp4 transported in blood?
blood, 3) Describe the process of
including the hydrogen carbonate ion
action of formation and including
carbonic chloride shift and pH
anhydrase, buffering.
the chloride 4) What is
shift and carbaminohemoglobin?
buffering by
plasma
proteins
H.6.4 Explain P 631 1) How does carbon dioxide P 634 (16,
the role of the IBG 169 affect the hemoglobin’s 17)
Bohr shift in CC 350 affinity for oxygen?
the supply of H64.mp4 2) Explain the concept of Bohr
oxygen to shift and how it relates to
respiring oxygen dissociation.
tissues
H.6.5 Explain P 633 1) From the biochemical point CC 351 (Q)
how and why IBG 170 of view what happens when
ventilation CC 350 a muscle goes from a resting
rate varies state to an active state?
with exercise 2) Why does the ventilation
rate increases during
exercise?
3) Where is the breathing
centre located?
4) What are the two
mechanisms that are
involved in ventilation
control?
5) Is blood alkaline or acidic
under normal conditions?
What decreases blood pH
during exercise?
6) How does breathing centre
affect ventilation?
7) How does an increase in
ventilation rate assists the
body?
8) What is another bodily
system that is also affected
by exercise to ensure the
delivery of oxygen to body
tissues?
9) What happens when you
stop exercising?
H.6.6 Outline P 633-634 1) What is asthma? CC 351
the possible IBG 170 2) What happens during (DBQ)
causes of CC 351 asthma attack?
asthma and H66.mp4 3) Is there a cure for asthma?
its effects on 4) Is there a genetic component
the gas to asthma?
exchange 5) What are the environmental
system triggers for asthma?
H.6.7 Explain P 634 1) Is there less oxygen at high -
the problem IBG 169 altitudes? Explain.
of gas CC 350 2) What are the symptoms of
exchange at mountain sickness?
high altitudes 3) What are the short and long
and the way term adaptations of an
the body organism to high altitudes?
acclimatizes