World War I
1914-1918
causes of World War I
Underlying causes (the “fuel”):
nationalism
imperialism
militarism
Alliance System
Immediate cause (the “spark”):
assassination of Franz
Ferdinand (1914)
archduke of Austria-
Hungary
set off a chain reaction
because of the Alliance
System
Central Powers
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
Allies (World War I)
Britain
France
Russia
Italy
(switched from
Central Powers in
1915)
United States
(joined the war in
1917)
World War I technology
devastating weapons were
developed as a result of the
Industrial Revolution:
machine gun
heavy artillery
mortar
chemicals (poison gas)
flame thrower
grenade
tank
zeppelin
airplane
submarine
torpedo
trench warfare
warfare where each side
sets up fortified trenches
that are parallel to one
another
used extensively during
World War I
caused a stalemate which
resulted in millions of
casualties
Russian Revolution
time period when the
Bolsheviks (communists)
overthrew the
government of the czar
(emperor) in 1917
led by Vladimir Lenin
Russia became the Soviet
Union (USSR)
Russia dropped out of
World War I
reasons the U.S. entered World War I
British propaganda
Lusitania
Zimmerman
Telegram
Russian Revolution
eliminated the
Eastern Front
unrestricted
submarine warfare
World War I casualties
soldiers:
8 million dead
20 million wounded
called the “Lost Generation”
civilians:
12 million dead
Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924)
U.S. president during
World War I
proposed ideas for
lasting peace including
the League of Nations
Treaty of Versailles
officially ended World
War I
severely punished
Germany:
had to accept fault
for the war
lost territory
reparations
$33 billion to
the Allies
about $400
billion today
Treaty of Versailles
officially ended World
War I
severely punished
Germany:
had to accept fault
for the war
lost territory
reparations
$33 billion to the
Allies
about $400
billion today
created new nations
a major cause of World
War II
League of Nations
international
peacekeeping
organization
the only of
Wilson’s ideas
adopted by the
Treaty of Versailles
U.S. Congress
refused to join and
adopted a policy of
isolationism
made the league
weak
Vocabulary Assignment
Get into groups of two
Define all 18 vocabulary words
Draw two well detailed pictures (label)
Two papers for each group
Make 8 cuts on one side
Create the flash cards
Draw on back
Vocab Assignment
Nationalism Unrestricted submarine
Militarism warfare
Alliance system Propaganda
Unification of Germany Two-front war
Trench warfare Russian Revolution
WWI weapons Lenin
Zimmerman telegram Communism
Isolationism Treaty of Versailles
Stalemate League of Nations
Reparations