From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tropical Storm Fay (2008)
Tropical Storm Fay (2008)
Tropical Storm Fay ed tornado outbreaks on record. A total of 81 tornadoes
Tropical storm ( SSHS)
(SSHS) touched down across five states, three of which were rat-
ed as EF2. Damage from Fay was heavy, estimated at $560
million.[3]
Meteorological history
Fay over Florida at peak strength
Formed August 15, 2008
Dissipated August 27, 2008
Storm path
Highest 1-minute sustained:
winds 70 mph (110 km/h) A tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa on August
Lowest 986 mbar (hPa; 29.12 inHg) 7 without any significant convection, with an associated
pressure low pressure area moving southwestward away from the
coast. It passed just south of the Cape Verde Islands, and
Fatalities 13 direct, 23 indirect
tracked generally westward with a subtropical ridge cen-
Damage $560 million (2008 USD) tered to its north over the Azores.[4] Late on August 9,
an area of convection developed in association with the
Areas Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Haiti,
affected Jamaica, Cuba, Bahamas, South Eastern US wave.[5] With generally favorable conditions for develop-
ment, the system began slowly organizing,[6] to the ex-
Part of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season tent that on August 10, the National Hurricane Center
(NHC) remarked for its potential to become a tropical
Tropical Storm Fay was a tropical storm and the sixth depression in a few days.[7] By August 11, however, the
named storm of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season. Fay thunderstorm activity became disorganized and limit-
formed from a vigorous tropical wave on August 15 over ed,[8] though the next day convection reformed by the
the Dominican Republic. It passed over the island of His- time it was located about 650 mi (1050 km) east of the
paniola, into the Gulf of Gonâve, across the island of Cu- Lesser Antilles.[9] The hurricane hunters first flew into
ba, and made landfall on the Florida Keys late in the af- the system on August 12, though the flight only reported
ternoon of August 18 before veering into the Gulf of Mex- a broad area of low pressure.[10]
ico. It again made landfall near Naples, Florida, in the ear- After the hurricane hunters’ flight, the system be-
ly hours of August 19 and progressed northeast through came disorganized as environmental conditions became
the Florida peninsula, emerging into the Atlantic Ocean less favorable,[11] and by late on August 13 the convec-
near Melbourne on August 20. Extensive flooding took tion was limited and well-removed from the low cen-
place in parts of Florida as a result of its slow movement. ter.[12] The next day, thunderstorm activity increased
On August 21, it made landfall again near New Smyr- and organized,[13] though another hurricane hunters
na Beach, Florida, moving due west across the Panhan- flight confirmed the system did not develop into a trop-
dle, crossing Gainesville and Panama City, Florida. As it ical cyclone.[14] After passing over the northern Lesser
zigzagged from water to land, it became the first storm in Antilles, the system moved over the Virgin Islands and
recorded history to make landfall in Florida four times.[1] Puerto Rico, maintaining an area of deep convection.[15]
Thirty-six deaths were blamed on Fay.[2] The storm also It became better defined as it moved through the Mona
resulted in one of the most prolific tropical cyclone relat- Passage, and a hurricane hunters flight confirmed the
1
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tropical Storm Fay (2008)
presence of a closed circulation. With flight level wind
gusts of 56 mph (91 km/h) reported northeast of the cen-
ter, the NHC initiated advisories on Tropical Storm Fay
late on August 15 as the cyclone moved ashore along
eastern Dominican Republic.[16] Initially, it was forecast
to steadily intensify before and after crossing Cuba, later
reaching minimal hurricane status in the eastern Gulf of
Mexico; the HWRF hurricane model predicted for Fay to
become a strong hurricane off the coast of western Flori-
da.[17]
Tropical Storm Fay strengthening and then weakening as it
passes over south-central Florida, featuring a hurricane-like
eye over land
cluding the vast expanses of the Florida Everglades and
Lake Okeechobee[24] The storm developed an eye feature,
and continued to hold its strength for the rest of the
day.[25] After many hours of land interaction, Fay began
to weaken.[26] Fay regained some strength, however, af-
ter leaving land at Melbourne and heading northward
over the warm Atlantic Ocean waters, only to be deflect-
ed westward as it encountered a high pressure ridge. This
Tropical storm Fay causing heavy rainfall to Hispaniola
resulted in another landfall at Flagler Beach in the after-
noon of August 21. Fay then emerged into the northeast-
Upon first becoming a tropical cyclone, Tropical
ern Gulf of Mexico and made its fourth landfall on the
Storm Fay was moving steadily westward over Hispan-
morning of August 23 near Carrabelle in the Florida Pan-
iola, influenced by a ridge to its north.[16] At around
handle. Fay narrowly missed making yet another land-
1200 UTC on August 16, the storm emerged into the Gulf
fall, the center staying barely onshore while passing
of Gonâve,[18] with little organized convection near the
Panama City and St. Andrews Bay. Fay then weakened to
center.[19] Environmental conditions favored strength-
a depression later that day. For the next several days, Fay
ening, and convection quickly developed over the cen-
was a slow moving tropical depression. Fay started mov-
ter.[20] By early on August 17, a hurricane hunters flight
ing to the northeast over southern Mississippi, where it
reported a better organized circulation center, and satel-
moved over Alabama and finally dissipated on August 27
lite images displayed well-established outflow within a
over Georgia.
large convection envelope.[21] After passing near or over
southwestern Granma Province in Cuba, upper-level
wind shear increased slightly, and the convection dimin- Impact
ished near the center. The storm turned more to the
northwest, due to a trough weakening the ridge to its Caribbean
north.[22] However, at this time, the ECMWF forecast had
Fay making landfall in Southwest Florida, crossing into Wettest tropical cyclones in the Bahamas
the Atlantic, then tracking westward across the Florida
Precipitation Storm Location
Panhandle – which is exactly what she would end up do-
ing.[23] Rank (mm) (in)
Fay made four Florida landfalls, first at Key West in 1 747.5 29.43 Noel 2007 Long Island[27]
the late afternoon of August 18, then early the following
2 508.0 20.00 Donna 1960 [28]
morning at Cape Romano south of Naples as a 65 mph
(100 km/h) tropical storm.[3] Later that day, while cross- 3 436.6 17.19 Flora 1963 Duncan Town[29]
ing central Florida, Fay unexpectedly strengthened over 4 390.1 15.36 Inez 1966 Nassau Airport[29]
land to just under hurricane intensity with 70 mph
(110 km/h) winds and a pressure of 986 mbar,[3] which 5 337.1 13.27 Fox 1952 New Providence[30]
is a stronger intensity than Fay had ever obtained over 6 321.1 12.64 Michelle Nassau[31]
open ocean. According to some local meteorologists, Fay 2001
actually gained strength over Florida’s inland waters, in-
2
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tropical Storm Fay (2008)
Deaths by country
Dominican Republic 4
Haiti 10
Jamaica 1
United States 21
Total 36
7 309.4 12.18 Erin 1995 Church Grove[32]
8 279.4 10.00 Isidore 1984 Nassau[33]
9 260.0 9.88 Fay 2008 Freeport[34]
10 236.7 9.32 Floyd 1999 Little Harbor Aba-
cos[35]
On August 15, the weather disturbance that would be-
come Fay made landfall on Hispaniola. The system devel-
oped into a tropical storm while producing heavy rains
on the island, prompting a major flash flood threat. The
storm caused minor damage in Dominican Republic in-
cluding falling trees and flooding, this caused most of the
flights into and out of the country to be canceled.[36] At
least four people were killed after being swept away by
flood waters in the Dominican Republic.[37]
In Haiti, Fay’s winds and rainfall damaged the agricul-
tural sector, including rice fields and banana crops. One
person died after being swept away by flood-waters while
trying to cross a swollen river.[38] Two infants were killed Rainfall produced by Fay in the United States
when a bus flipped in Haiti.[39] In total, ten deaths were
blamed on Fay in Haiti.[40]
In Jamaica, one person was killed as a result of a vehi-
cle being swept away in flood waters.[37] In total, 15 peo-
ple died in the Caribbean.[2]
Florida
During seven days in Florida, August 18–24, 2008, eleven
people died and thousands of homes plus roads were
damaged, from 60 mph (97 km/h) winds and rain waters
up to 5 feet (1.5 m) deep,[citation needed] with flooded rivers
or tornadoes, as Fay traveled through the entire state.
Making initial landfall in the Florida Keys and coming
ashore again in the Naples area, Fay then crossed the
state and exited near New Smyrna Beach, coming on-
shore again near St. Augustine and Jacksonville, crossing
the Panhandle and finally leaving the Pensacola area into
Alabama, early on August 24. Returning from Mississippi
towards Tennessee, Fay continued to dump heavy rains
around Pensacola, Tallahassee, and Panama City, Florida
even during August 25.
While Fay was moving across South-Central Florida, a
tornado, rated EF2 on the Enhanced Fujita Scale,[41] took
place after landfall in Wellington, Florida, where signifi-
cant damage was reported including doors and windows
blown off houses, many trees knocked down and reports Tropical Storm Fay approaching Florida
3
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tropical Storm Fay (2008)
homes were flooded in Brevard and St. Lucie counties;
some locations were inundated with up to 5 feet (1.5 m)
of standing water.[49] Early estimates from Brevard coun-
ty show $10 to $12 million in damages to homes and in-
frastructure.[46] Tropical Storm Fay resulted in the
drowning of one person swimming off Neptune Beach
and another swimmer in Duval County. Meanwhile, an-
other 3 were killed in traffic accidents.[50] On August 21,
President George W. Bush declared the entire state of
Florida a Federal Disaster Area.[51] Seminole County also
got hard hit by floods. Seminole County Public Schools
were closed due to many roads being impassable. Many
Flooding in east-central Florida rivers in the county such as the St. Johns River, the Econ-
lockhatchee River, and the Little Econlockhatchee River
of a weak building destroyed.[42] Another tornado dam- jumped their banks. Riverside Park in Oviedo was under
aged 51 homes with nine of them rendered uninhabitable four feet of flood water due to the Little Econlockhatchee
in Barefoot Bay.[43] According to the St. Lucie County River. On the evening of August 22, a tornado damaged
Public Safety Department, about 8,000 homes were dam- four homes and a bridge in Lake Wales.[52]
aged from flooding.[44] The city of Melbourne shattered After moving into the Florida Panhandle, five more
a 50-year-old rainfall record after receiving 11 inches people were killed as a result of Fay in Florida (all indi-
(28 cm) of rain in a 24 hour period.[45] About 80 neigh- rect),[53] including an electrocution which happened to
borhoods in Melbourne were flooded, and a "couple hun- an electrical worker doing repairs in Gadsden County.[54]
dred" homes in southeast Melbourne were filled with
three to four feet of water, according to a press state- Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi
ment.[46] One neighborhood was particularly hard hit: Heavy rain was also reported in parts of Alabama, Ge-
Lamplighter Village along John Rodes Boulevard in Mel- orgia and Mississippi. A young boy was killed in Grady
bourne, FL. The flooding was so extensive that Governor County, Georgia when he was swept away in a drainage
Charlie Crist personally visited the neighborhood to as- ditch by floodwaters.[55] Another drowning death took
sess the damage. A tornado touched down in Stuart on place in Elmore County, Alabama as a result of the weak-
U.S. 1 at Monroe Street, flipping a truck and damaging ening Fay.[56] On August 22, 2008, radio station WNUZ, lo-
a gas station.[47] A 28-year-old kite surfer was critically cated in Alabama, "suffered direct lightning strikes" dur-
injured in Fort Lauderdale when winds associated with a ing Fay which resulted in "the complete destruction of
Tropical Storm Fay feeder band slammed him face-first the station’s transmitter" and caused unspecified dam-
into the ground and then dragged him through streets age to other electrical broadcast equipment at the sta-
until he hit a building, which was filmed by a WFOR cam- tion.[57] The station applied to the Federal Communica-
era crew.[48] tions Commission (FCC) for authority to stay silent while
their engineers repaired or replaced the damaged gear
and evaluated the station’s other equipment. On Decem-
ber 24, 2008, WNUZ was granted permission to remain off
the air until no later than June 22, 2009.[57][58]
Fay persisted as a tropical storm from its first landfall
until weakening to a tropical depression on August 23.
It eventually weakened to a remnant low over Alabama
on August 26, from which 8 tornadoes were spawned in
Alabama and 6 in Georgia, injuring two in Commerce, Ge-
orgia.[59][60]
High winds damaged the water tower in Midway,
Alabama, compounding problems the town was experi-
encing with its water wells. A loan from the National Rur-
Flooding on Merritt Island, Florida during Tropical Storm Fay al Water Association and assistance from Alabama Rural
Water Association allowed Midway to make repairs and
Areas of the state received up to 25 inches (64 cm) maintain the water supply.[61] The heavy and persistent
of rain, causing serious flooding. Native wildlife, includ- rains associated with Fay, however, helped to temporar-
ing alligators, were seen in flooded neighborhoods after ily alleviate extreme drought conditions over northern
high water forced them from their habitat. Hundreds of Georgia, northern Alabama, and eastern Tennessee.[62]
4
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tropical Storm Fay (2008)
Elsewhere Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-
AL062008_Fay.pdf. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
Heavy rains in Tennessee triggered flash flooding
[4] Gladys Rubio (2008-08-07). "Tropical Weather
throughout eastern portions of the state.[63] In Shelby
Discussion (2)". National Hurricane Center.
County, flooding covered several cars, trapping several
ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/Atl-
people. In all, Fay caused $20,000 in damages in Ten-
Dis/2008080723.AXNT20. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
nessee.[64] Rains in South Carolina caused a bridge in
[5] Blake (2008-08-09). "Tropical Weather Outlook".
York County to collapse, leaving $100,000 in damages.[65]
National Hurricane Center. ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/
Severe flooding in North Carolina, particularly in Meck-
pub/weather/tropical/Outlook-A/
lenburg County damaged numerous homes. Near Char-
2008080923.ABNT20. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
lotte, 148 buildings sustained major damage from flood-
[6] Knabb (2008-08-10). "Tropical Weather Outlook".
waters and numerous roads were shut down due to high
National Hurricane Center. ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/
waters. Damage in Mecklenburg alone amounted to
pub/weather/tropical/Outlook-A/
$8.5 million.[66] In Cabarrus County, 14 swift water res-
2008081017.ABNT20. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
cues were undertaken due to cars being stranded in
[7] Blake (2008-08-10). "Tropical Weather Outlook (2)".
flooded roads. About 70 homes were damaged in the
National Hurricane Center. ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/
county, leaving $1 million in damages.[67] Damages to
pub/weather/tropical/Outlook-A/
roads in the county were estimated at $5.5 million.[68] In
2008081023.ABNT20. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
all, Fay caused roughly $15 million in damage in North
[8] Rhome (2008-08-11). "Tropical Weather Outlook".
Carolina.[66][67][68]
National Hurricane Center. ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/
pub/weather/tropical/Outlook-A/
Records 2008081111.ABNT20. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
[9] Rhome/Brown (2008-08-12). "Tropical Weather
Fay was the first storm on record to hit the same U.S.
Outlook". National Hurricane Center.
state on four separate occasions, beating a record set by
ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/
Hurricane Gordon of 1994, and was just the third storm
Outlook-A/2008081211.ABNT20. Retrieved
on record to hit the U.S. at least 3 times, the third was
2008-08-15.
Hurricane Juan in 1985, although Juan did not hit the
[10] Blake/Franklin (2008-08-12). "Special Tropical
same state three times; one of its landfalls was in Alaba-
Disturbance Statement". National Hurricane
ma, and the other 2 were in Louisiana.[69] Fay was the
Center. http://www.webcitation.org/5a1gtEgdH.
first storm to prompt storm warnings for the entire coast
Retrieved 2008-08-15.
of Florida; the four separate landfalls were responsible
[11] Brown/Pasch (2008-08-13). "Tropical Weather
for every stretch of the Florida coast to receive a Tropical
Outlook". National Hurricane Center.
Storm Watch or Warning, or a Hurricane Watch or Warn-
ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/
ing.[70]
Outlook-A/2008081311.ABNT20. Retrieved
The two highest rainfall amounts recorded were
2008-08-15.
27.65 inches (702 mm) at Windover Farms, 8 miles
[12] Franklin (2008-08-13). "Tropical Weather Outlook
(13 km) northwest of Melbourne, Florida, and 27.50 inch-
(2)". National Hurricane Center.
es (699 mm) at Thomasville, Georgia.
ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/
Outlook-A/2008081323.ABNT20. Retrieved
See also 2008-08-15.
• List of Florida hurricanes (2000–present) [13] Knabb (2008-08-14). "Tropical Weather Outlook
• Other storms of the same name (2)". National Hurricane Center.
ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/
Outlook-A/2008081405.ABNT20. Retrieved
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79498?icid=100214839x1207669786x1200435411. areas in drought". USA Today.
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[50] BRIAN SKOLOFF (2008). "Fay kills an extra 3,Death 2008-08-25-Fay-rain_N.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-08.
toll in Florida becomes 5". Yahoo News UK/AP. [63] Stuart Hinson (2008). "Tennessee Event Report:
http://news.yahoo.com/story//ap/20080822/ Flash Flood". National Climatic Data Center.
ap_on_re_us/tropical_weather_fay. Retrieved http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/
2008-08-22. wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~735927. Retrieved
[51] "Woman drowns as Fay comes ashore again". CNN. June 11, 2009.
2008-08-21. http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/ [64] Stuart Hinson (2008). "Tennessee Event Report:
weather/08/21/tropical.storm.fay/index.html. Flash Flood". National Climatic Data Center.
Retrieved 2008-08-21. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/
[52] "Tornado Touches Down in Polk County". WFTV. wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~735929. Retrieved
2008-08-22. http://www.wftv.com/news/ June 11, 2009.
17272143/detail.html?rss=orlc&psp=news. [65] Stuart Hinson (2008). "South Carolina Event
Retrieved 2008-08-23. Report: Heavy Rains". National Climatic Data
[53] "NWS Jacksonville, FL [JAX Post Storm Hurricane Center. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/
Report]". Srh.noaa.gov. http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~739369. Retrieved
jax/text.php?pil=PSH&sid=JAX. Retrieved June 11, 2009.
2008-11-27. [66] ^ Stuart Hinson (2008). "North Carolina Event
[54] "Fay Now Blamed For 11 Florida Deaths". WKRG. Report: Flash Flood". National Climatic Data
2008-08-23. http://www.wkrg.com/weather/ Center. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/
article/fay_now_blamed_for_11_florida_deaths/ wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~739325. Retrieved
17194/. Retrieved 2008-08-23. June 11, 2009.
7
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tropical Storm Fay (2008)
[67] ^ Stuart Hinson (2008). "North Carolina Event 20081126_hurricaneseason.html. Retrieved
Report: Flash Flood". National Climatic Data 2008-12-15.
Center. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/
wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~739303. Retrieved
June 11, 2009.
External links
[68] ^ Stuart Hinson (2009). "North Carolina Event • HPC rainfall page for 2008 Tropical Cyclones
Report: Flash Flood". National Climatic Data • National Hurricane Center Website
Center. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/ • National Hurricane Center’s Atlantic Tropical
wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~739209. Retrieved Weather Outlook
June 11, 2009. • TS Fay Spotlight from the Central Florida Hurricane
[69] Associated Press (2008-08-23). "Tropical Storm Fay Center
Makes Fourth Florida Landfall; Death Toll Rises to Tropical cyclones of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season
10". Fox News. http://www.foxnews.com/story/
A B C D E F G H I Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale
0,2933,409321,00.html. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
J K L M N O 16 P TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
[70] "Atlantic Hurricane Season Sets Records". National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
November 26, 2008. Book · Category · Portal · WikiProject · Com-
http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2008/ mons
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tropical_Storm_Fay_(2008)&oldid=460131384"
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