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AIX, HP-UX, Linux, Solaris의 특징 및 명령어 비교표

유닉스 시스템 관리를 위한 유용한 사

Directory Mappings AIX FreeBSD

Root filesystem / {/dev/hd4} / {/dev/ad0s1a}







F /home {/dev/hd1}







/tmp {/dev/hd3}

/usr

/usr {/dev/hd2} {/dev/ad0s1f}

/var

/var {/dev/hd9var} {/dev/ad0s1e}

Sample configuration files -

User Accounts AIX FreeBSD

/etc/passwd /etc/passwd

Password files /etc/security/passwd /etc/master.passwd

/etc/group

Groups file /etc/security/group /etc/group

Maximum # of user ID 4294967295 65535

/etc/security/user /etc/ttys



Allow/Deny remote login {rlogin=true} {secure}





User nobody's id # 4294967294 65534





Group nobody's id # 4294967294 65534



boot from CD/Tape ok boot -s

Installation/Maintenance passwd root



Start Limited Shell

getrootfs hdisk0

vi /etc/security/passwd









Recover root password

Create new user mkuser adduser

Delete user rmuser rmuser

List users lsuser -f ALL

Modify user account chuser -a

General Commands AIX FreeBSD

Unique host ID hostid

Administrator smit

top

Performance monitor monitor top

System activity reporter sar sa

Virtual Memory statistics vmstat vmstat

I/O statistics iostat iostat

alog -o -t boot

Error logs errpt dmesg

Physical RAM 1TB

Shared Memory 2.75GB

Process Data Space 2GB

Swap device /dev/hd6 /dev/ad0s1b

Swap file type /etc/swapspaces swap

Display swap size lsps -a swapinfo

Activate Swap swapon -a swapon -a

Printers AIX FreeBSD

Printer Queues /etc/qconfig /var/spool/print

Stop LP stopsrc -s lpd

Start LP startsrc -s lpd lpd

enq

lp

lpr

Submit print jobs qprt lp

enq -A

lpq

lpstat

LP statistics qchk lpq

cancel cancel

lprm lprm

qcan

Remove print jobs enq -x

Add printer queue smit mkpq

Remove Printer queue smit rmpq

Make default printer export LPDEST="pq"

TCP/IP AIX







Network IP configuration lsattr -E -l inet0 /etc/rc.conf

Hosts IP addresses /etc/hosts /etc/hosts

Name service switch /etc/netsvc.conf /etc/host.conf

Network parameters no -a sysctl

Routing daemon gated routed

ifconfig -a

mktcpip

NIC Configurations smitty tcpip ifconfig -a





Secondary IP Address ifconfig en0 alias IP ifconfig xl0 alias IP

HERALD @

Login prompt /etc/security/login.cfg

odmget -q

"attribute=num and

uniquetype=pty/pty/pty"

PdAt | sed "s/0-64/0-

512/" |

odmchange -q

"attribute=num and

uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" -

o PdAt





chdev -l pty0 -anum=256

-P

reboot









Increase the # of pseudo-terminals





Maximum # of ptys 512

remsh

Remote Shell rsh rsh



YP/NIS service binder /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/sbin/ypbind

System Files AIX FreeBSD





NFS exported /etc/exports /etc/exports

NFS Client mounted directories /etc/xtab







Max File System 128 GB







Max File Size 64 GB

Max # File Descriptors 64 K

DISK/LVM Commands AIX FreeBSD

Filesystem table /etc/filesystems /etc/fstab

Free disk blocks df -k df -k

Device listing lsdev -C







Disk information bootinfo -s hdisk# fdisk -v ad0

Disk Label lspv -l hdisk# disklabel ad0

LVM Concepts Partition sub disk

Volume Volume

Plex

Volume group





Journal Filesystem type jfs

Default volume group /dev/rootvg

Display volume group lsvg -l rootvg

Modify physical volume chpv

Prepare physical disk mkdev -c disk -l hdisk#

List physical volume lspv vinum ld

Remove disk from volume group reducevg

Move logical volumes to another vinum move -f

physical volumes migratepv drive object

Create volume group mkvg

Remove volume group

chvg

varyonvg

Volume group availability varyoffvg

Restore volume group

Exports volume group exportvg

Imports volume group importvg

Volume group listing lsvg

Change logical volume characteristics chlv

List logical volume lslv vinum lv

Make logical volume mklv

Extend logical volume extendlv

Reduce logical volume AIX reduce LV

Remove logical volume rmlv vinum rm vol

Prepare boot volumes bootlist -m normal

Remove boot volumes







Extend File system chfs -a size=# /mt

Reduce/Split mirrors rmlvcopy

Merge mirrors



Create mirrors mklv -c 2 vinum mirror drive

Add mirrors mklvcopy lv 2





Create striped volumes mklv -u 3 -S 64K vinum stripe drive

System recovery tape mksysb -i /dev/rmt0

savevg -i rootvg

Backup mksysb vinum saveconfig

Restore restvg

MISC AIX FreeBSD

Startup script /etc/rc /etc/rc

Kernel /usr/lib/boot/unix_up /kernel







Kernel Parameters lsattr -E -l sys0 sysctl -a

cd /sys/i386/conf





vi KERNEL

config KERNEL

cd

../../compile/KERN

EL

make depend

make

make install









Reconfigure the kernel chdev -l sys0 -a

List modules genkex kldstat

Load module kldload

Unload module kldunload

Initialize system install_assist /stand/sysinstall

sysctl

Physical RAM bootinfo -r hw.physmem

Kernel Bits bootinfo -K

Crash utility crash crash

Trace System Calls syscalls truss

uname -m

Machine model bootinfo -m uname -m

OS Level oslevel uname -r

Run Level who -r

Core dump files /var/adm/ras

Key on service mode/F4

Boot from CD/Tape

Select Maintenance

Limited function Shell









Boot single user ok boot -s







Maintenance mode ok boot -as

Interrupt Key

Return to console

/etc/environment

Timezone Management /etc/profile /etc/localtime

/etc/rc.conf

{xntpd_enable="YE

/etc/ntp.conf S"}

NTP Daemon startsrc -s xntpd /etc/rc.network

Software AIX

Install Software installp -a pkg_add

Uninstall software installp -u pkg_delete

List installed software lslpp -L all pkg_info -a





Verify installed software lppchk -v pkg_info -L

List all files lslpp -f fileset package





List installed patches instfix -i

Package owner lslpp -w path

SW Directory /usr/lpp /var/db/pkg

Devices AIX FreeBSD

Devices /dev /dev









Install devices for attached peripherals cfgmgr -v /dev/MAKEDEV

Remove device rmdev -l

Device drivers lscfg



CPU lsdev -Cc processor sysctl hw.model

List Terminal lsdev -Cc tty









Diagnostics diag pciconf -l

Whole Disk /dev/hdisk# /dev/ad0s1c

CDROM /dev/cd0 /dev/acd0c

CDROM file type cdrfs cd9660

Rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0 /dev/rwt0d

Non-rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0.1 /dev/nrwt0d

Floppy drive /dev/rfd0 /dev/fd0

Links AIX FreeBSD

FAQ AIX-FAQ FreeBSD FAQ

FreeBSD Hand

Online Manual AIX 4.3 Books Book

RS/6000

Technical Support TechSupport

Phone Number 1-800-CALL-AIX

FreeBSD

Free Software Bull Primary Site

Certification www.ibm.com

Get Kernel Info instfix -i |grep ML



oslevel -r



http://www-

912.ibm.com/eserver/sup

Latest Kernel Info port/fixes/fcgui.jsp

X, Linux, Solaris의 특징 및 명령어 비교표

유닉스 시스템 관리를 위한 유용한 사이트 : http://www.unixguide.net 2004.03

HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) / SOLARIS Tru64

/ {/dev/vg00/lvol1} / {/dev/sda1} {/dev/vx/dsk/rootvol} / {/dev/rz0a}

/export/home





/home {/dev/vg00/lvol4} /dev/vx/dsk/home}

/tmp





/tmp {/dev/vg00/lvol6} /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol}





/usr {/dev/vg00/lvol7} /usr /usr {/dev/rz0g}





/var {/dev/vg00/lvol8} /var

/usr/newconfig

HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64

/etc/passwd /etc/passwd /etc/passwd

/tcb/files/auth/r/root /etc/shadow /etc/shadow /etc/passwd

/etc/group

/etc/logingroup /etc/group /etc/group /etc/group

2147483647 65535 2147483647 65535

/etc/securetty /etc/securetty /etc/default/login /etc/securettys

{CONSOLE=/dev/con

{console} {ttyp1} sole} {ttyp1}

60001 &

-2 99 65534(nobody4) 65534

60002 &

-2(nogroup) 99 65534(nogroup) 65534

press the HALT Button or

>boot {lilo} boot cdrom -s (Control-P)

Interact with IPL ? Y control-x mkdir /tmp/a >>>boot -fl s

mount /dev/c0t0d0s0

ISL>hpux -iS linux S /tmp/a lsmbstartup

passwd root passwd root vi /tmp/a/etc/shadow /sbin/bcheckrc

passwd root

{grub}

c

kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-

13 single

initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img

boot

passwd root

useradd useradd useradd useradd

userdel userdel userdel userdel

logins logins

usermod usermod usermod usermod

HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64

uname -i hostid hostid hostid

sam linuxconf admintool sysman

top

glance top top top

sar sar {sysstat} sar /usr/opt/svr4/bin/sar

vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat

iostat iostat {sysstat} iostat iostat





dmesg dmesg dmesg uerf -R -o full

4TB 64 GB {>2.3.24} 16TB 4TB

8TB sysctl kernel.shmmax

4GB 900 MB

/dev/vg00/lvol2 /dev/sda2 /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol /dev/rz0b

swap partition type 82 swap raw

swapinfo -a free swap -l swapon -s

swapon -a swapon -a swap -a swapon -a

HP-UX LINUX Solaris Tru64

/etc/lp/interface/* /var/spool/lpd/lp/* /etc/lp/interfaces/* /usr/spool/lpd

lpshut /etc/init.d/lpd stop /usr/lib/lp/lpshut /sbin/init.d/lpd stop

lpsched /etc/init.d/lpd start /usr/lib/lp/lpsched /sbin/init.d/lpd start

lp lp

lpr lpr





lp lpr









lpstat lpq lpstat lpstat

cancel cancel

lprm lprm





cancel lprm

lpadmin -p pq printtool lpadmin -p pq lprsetup

lpadmin -x pq lpadmin -x pq lprsetup

lpadmin -d pq lpadmin -d pq export PRINTER="lp"

HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64

/etc/hostname.*

/etc/sysconfig/network- /etc/inet/*

/etc/rc.config.d/netconf scripts/ /etc/defaultrouter /etc/rc.config

/etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/inet/hosts /etc/hosts

/etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/svc.conf

ndd -h sysctl -a | grep net ndd /dev/[tcp|ip] ?

gated routed in.routed routed







lanscan -v ifconfig -a ifconfig -a ifconfig -a

modprobe ip_alias

ifconfig lan0:1 IP ifconfig eth0:1 IP ifconfig hme0:1 IP up ifconfig ln0 alias

BANNER @

telnetd -b /etc/issue /etc/issue /etc/default/telnetd /etc/issue









rebuild your kernel with

these new values NPTY=# cd /dev {/etc/system} cd /dev







set pt_cnt = #

NSTRPY=# ./MAKEDEV -v pty {SYSV} ./MAKEDEV PTY_1

set npty = # {BSD}





reboot

{/etc/iu.ap}

ptsl 0 # ldterm

insf -d ptys -n # ttcompat

insf -d ptym -n #

insf -d pts -s # -e -v halt

boot -r

176 {BSD}

{MAXUSERS} 256 3000 {SYSV} 8192





remsh rsh rsh rsh

/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbi

/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /sbin/ypbind nd /usr/sbin/ypbind

HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64

/etc/dfs/dfstab

/etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/dfs/sharetab /etc/exports

/etc/xtab /var/lib/nfs/xtab /etc/rmtab /var/adm/mountdtab

1 TB 128 GB {= 4.0}

128 GB 2 TB 16 TB {advfs}

2 GB {512B block size} 1 TB 128 GB {= 4.0}

128 GB 16 TB {advfs}

60~ K HP-UX:Disk sysctl fs.file-max 64 K 64 K

&Filesystem LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64

/etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab /etc/fstab

bdf df -k df -k df -k

/sbin/ioscan cat /proc/devices sysdef

format -d c#t#d#

cat format>current

pvdisplay -v

diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d# /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model format>inquiry file /dev/rrz0c

/dev/dsk/C#t#d# fdisk -l prtvtoc disklabel -p rz0

logical extents logical extents sub disk sub disk

logical volume logical volume Volume Volume

Plex Plex

volume group volume group disk group disk group

ext3

vxfs reiserfs vxfs advfs

/dev/vg00 /dev/vx/dsk/rootdg /dev/vol/rootdg

vgdisplay -v vg00 vgdisplay -v vxprint -l -g rootdg volprint -l -g rootdg

pvchange pvchange

pvcreate pvcreate vxdiskadd voldiskadd

pvdisplay pvdisplay vxprint -dl volprint -dl

vgreduce vgreduce vxdg rmdisk voldg rmdisk





pvmove pvmove vxassist move volassist move

vgcreate vgcreate vxdg init voldg init

vgremove vgremove







vgchange vgchange

vgcfgrestore vgcfgrestore

vgexport vgexport vxdg deport voldg deport

vgimport vgimport vxdg import voldg import

vgscan vgscan

lvchange lvchange vxedit set voledit set

lvdisplay lvdisplay vxprint -vl volprint -vl

lvcreate lvcreate vxassist make volassist make

lvextend lvextend vxassist growto volassist growto

lvreduce lvreduce vxassist shrinkto volassist shrinkto

lvremove lvremove vxedit rm voledit -g rootdg -rf rm vol1

lvlnboot lilo vxbootsetup

lvrmboot

extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8 resize2fs vxva

fsadm -F vxfs -b

{LE * 1024} /mt resize_reiserfs mkfs -M

lvsplit lvsplit

lvmerge lvmerge

volassist make vol 100mb

lvcreate -m 1 vxassist mirror mirror=true

lvextend -m 1

vxassist make vol volassist make vol 100mb

lvcreate -i 3 -I 64

/opt/ignite/bin/make_recover lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 100mb layout=raid5 layout=stripe

y /usr/sys/bin/btcreate

fbackup

makerecovery tar cvf /dev/rst0 / ufsdump vdump

frecover tar xvf /dev/rst0 ufsrestore vrestore

HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64

/sbin/rc /etc/rc.d/rc /etc/init.d /sbin/init.d

/stand/vmunix /boot/vmlinuz /kernel/genunix /vmunix

sysdef sysconfig

kmtune dxkerneltuner

kmsystem sysctl -a sysdef -i

cd /stand/build cd /usr/src/linux vi /etc/system

/usr/lbin/sysadm/system_pre

p -v -s system make mrproper  reboot

vi system make menuconfig 







mk_kernel -s system make dep 

cd /stand make clean 

mv system system.prev make bzImage

mv vmunix vmunix.prev make install

mv dlkm dlkm.prev make modules

mv /stand/build/system

system make modules_install

kmupdate

/stand/build/vmunix_test

cp

arch/i386/boot/bzImage

/boot/vmlinuz-2.2.16

mkinitrd /boot/initrd-

2.2.16.img 2.2.16

vi /etc/lilo.conf

lilo

doconfig

kmadmin -s lsmod modinfo

kmadmin -L insmod modload

kmadmin -U rmmod modunload

set_parms initial netconf sys-unconfig netsetup

grep -i Physical

/var/adm/syslog/syslog.log free prtconf uerf | grep memory

getconf KERNEL_BITS getconf WORD_BIT isainfo -kv 64

adb lcrash crash kdbx

tusc strace truss trace

model

uname -m uname -m uname -imp uname -p

uname -r uname -r uname -r sizer -v

who -r runlevel who -r who -r

/var/adm/crash /var/crash/`uname -n`

>boot {lilo}

Interact with IPL ? Y control-x

ISL>hpux -iS linux S





{grub}

c

kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-

13 single

initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img

boot ok boot -s >>> boot -fl s

>boot

Interact with IPL ? Y

ISL>hpux -lm ok boot -as

control-B Stop-A control-P

co ok go

/etc/TIMEZONE /etc/svid3_tz

/etc/TIMEZONE /etc/sysconfig/clock /etc/default/init timezone



rcmgr set XNTPD_CONF

/etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons /etc/ntp.conf /etc/inet/ntp.conf YES

/sbin/init.d/xntpd /etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd /etc/init.d/xntpd /sbin/init.d/xntpd

HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64

swinstall rpm -i package pkgadd setld -l

swremove rpm -e package pkgrm setld -d

swlist rpm -qa pkginfo setld -i

pkginfo -i

swlist -l fileset -a state rpm -V package pkginfo -p setld -v

swlist -l file fileset rpm -ql package pkgchk -l package setld -i package

swlist -l patch

what /stand/vmunix patchadd -p dupatch -track -type patch

swlist -l file | grep path rpm -qf file pkgchk -l -p path

/var/adm/sw/ /var/lib/rpm /var/sadm /var/adm/smlogs

HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64

/dev /dev /devices /dev

drvconfig scu scan edt

devlinks scsimgr -scan_all

disks

tapes

insf -e /dev/MAKEDEV ports

rmsf rem_drv

lsdev prtconf -D

psrinfo -v

ioscan -fnC processor cat /proc/cpuinfo psradm psrinfo -v

ioscan -fnC tty pmadm -l

/usr/platform/`uname -

lspci m`/

pnpdump sbin/prtdiag

ok test-all

/opt/SUNWvts/bin/su

stm nvts

/dev/dsk/c#t#d0 /dev/sda /dev/c#t#d0s2 /dev/rz0c

/dev/dsk/c#t2d0 /dev/cdrom /dev/dsk/c#t6d0s2 /dev/rz3c

cdfs iso9660 hsfs cdfs

/dev/rmt/0m /dev/rst0 { c 9 0} /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rmt0

/dev/rmt/0mn /dev/nrst0 { c 9 128 } /dev/rmt/0n /dev/nrmt0

- /dev/fd0 /dev/diskette /dev/fd0c

HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64

HP-UX FAQ LINUX FAQ Solaris 2 FAQ Tru64 FAQ

Linux Documentation Solaris 7

HP-UX 11.00 Collection Project Documentation Tru64 Documents



IT Resource Center Red Hat support SunSolve Alpha Systems Support

1-800-633-3600 1-888-REDHAT1 1-800-USA-4SUN

Tru64 Demos,

HP-UX Ports Linux Software Map Sun Freeware Shareware & Freeware

education.hp.com RHCE suned.sun.com ASE Information

swlist uname -a uname -a uname -a

/var/adm/patch/log#grep

uname -m KITNAME session.log

http://sunsolve.sun.co

m/pub-

http://www.software.hp.com/ cgi/show.pl?target=pa

SUPPORT_PLUS/index.html http://www.kernel.org tchpage



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