GWERS 21
CYFLWYNYDD: BASIL DAVIES
NOD: Siarad am y tß
Geirfa
tß teras - a terraced house bungalo - a bungalow
tß ar ei ben ei hun - a detached house tß un talcen - a semi-
detached house
lawr llawr (DC) - downstairs lawr grisiau (GC) - downstairs
lan llofft (DC) - upstairs i fyny'r grisiau (GC) - upstairs
ystafell(oedd) (b) - room(s) cegin (b)
- kitchen
y gegin fach (b) - the kitchenette lolfa (b) - lounge
ystafell fyw (b) - living room parlwr - parlour
ystafell fwyta - dining room yr ardd - the garden
tß bach - toilet cyntedd - hallway, porch
cawod (b) - shower ystafell ymolchi (b) - bathroom
ystafell gotiau (b) - cloakroom ystafell olchi (b) - utility room
ystafell wely (b) - bedroom llofft (b) (GC) - bedroom
ystafell sb‰r (b) - spare room y groglofft (b) - the attic
gwely blodau - flower bed
t‰n - fire t‰n glo - coal fire
t‰n trydan - electric fire t‰n nwy - gas fire
gwres canolog - central heating gwres canolol glo - solid fuel central
heating
gwres canolog - gas central gwres canolog - electric central
nwy heating trydan
heating
addurno - to decorate adeiladu - to build
ymestyn - to extend peintio - to paint
codi - to build,raise palu - to dig
RHAN 1
1. (y)stafell - room
(y)stafell wely - bedroom
(y)stafell ymolchi - bathroom
All these are feminine
dwy, tair, pedair ystafell
dwy,tair, pedair ystafell wely
dwy, tair, pedair ystafell ymolchi.
2. Pa fath o (ar)... - What kind of...?
Pa fath o dß sy' 'da chi? (DC)
Pa fath o dß sy' gynnoch chi? (GC)
- What kind of house do you have?
Pa fath ar wres canolog sy 'da chi?
Pa fath ar wres canolog sy' gynnoch chi?
- What kind of central heating do you have?
3. Replies
We can use a normal pattern
Mae byngalo 'da fi. (DC)
Mae byngalo gen i. / Mae gen i fyngalo. (GC)
- I have a bungalow.
Mae tß teras 'da ni. (DC)
Mae tß teras gynnon ni. / Mae gynnon ni dß teras. (GC)
- We've got a terraced house.
Or we can use the emphatic pattern by placing the information first.
Byngalo sy' 'da fi. (DC)
Byngalo sy' gen i. (GC)
- I've got a bungalow. (i.e. It's a bungalow that I've got.)
Tß teras sy' 'da ni. (DC)
Tß teras sy' gynnon ni. (GC)
- We have a terraced house. (i.e It's a terraced house that we have.)
Notice the 'gan' forms which are used in the North Walian pattern
gen i gynnon ni
gen ti gynnoch chi
gan Bill/Mair ganddyn nhw
ganddo fe/fo
ganddi hi
(You will hear slightly different versions in various parts of the country).
4. gwres canolog nwy - gas central heating
gwres canolog trydan - electric central heating
gwres canolog glo - coal (solid fuel) central heating
(a) Oes gwres canolog 'da chi? (DC)
Oes gwres canolog gynnoch chi? / Oes gynnoch chi wres canolog? (GC)
- Do you have central heating?
Oes , mae gwres canolog nwy 'da ni (gynnon ni).
- Yes, we have gas central heating.
(b) Pa fath o wres canolog sy 'da chi?
Pa fath o wres canolog sy' gynnoch chi?
- What kind of central heating do you have?
Mae gwres canolog glo 'da ni (gynnon ni).
- We've got solid fuel central heating.
Gwres canolog glo sy' 'da ni (gynnon ni).
- It's solid fuel central heating that we have.
5. lan llofft (DC) / i fyny'r grisiau (GC) - upstairs
lawr llawr (DC) / lawr grisiau (GC) - downstairs
Oes ff™n 'da chi lan llofft ? - Oes, dwy.
- Do you have a telephone upstairs? - Yes, two.
Oes cawod gynnoch chi lawr grisiau? - Nac oes.
Oes gynnoch chi gawod lawr grisiau? - Nac oes.
- Have you got a shower downstairs? - No.
RHAN 2
1. Oes....? - is there a....?
Oes t‰n glo yn y lolfa? - Oes.
- Is there a coal fire in the lounge? - Yes.
Oes ff™n yn y gegin? - Nac oes.
- Is there a telephone in the kitchen? - No.
Oes tß bach lawr llawr / lawr grisiau? - Oes.
- Is there a toilet downstairs? - Yes.
2. Sawl (+ singular noun) - How many?
Sawl ystafell wely sy' 'da chi /gynnoch chi?
- How many bedrooms do you have?
Mae tair 'stafell wely 'da ni / gynnon ni. (no emphasis)
- We have three bedrooms.
Tair 'stafell wely sy' 'da ni / gynnon ni. (emphatic)
- It's three bedrooms we have.
3. Faint o..? (+plural noun) - How many?
Faint o ystafelloedd gwely sy' 'da chi / gynnoch chi? - Deg.
- How many bedrooms do you have? - Ten.
Faint o lyfrau sy' yn y llyfrgell? - Miloedd.
- How many books are there in the library? - Thousands.
4. y drws nesa' i - next door to uwchben - above
gyferbyn ‰ - opposite rhwng - between
yn ymyl - near
Ble mae'r gegin?
- Where's the kitchen?
Mae hi'r drws nesa' i'r lolfa.
- It is next door to the lounge.
Beth sy' uwchben cyntedd? - Y 'stafell 'molchi.
- What's above the hallway? - The bathroom.
Ydy'r 'stafell fwyta gyferbyn ‰'r lolfa?
- Is the dining room opposite the lounge?
Nac ydy, mae hi rhwng y gegin ‰'r lolfa.
- No, it's between the kitchen and tha lounge.
RHAN 3
1. The Passive pattern
The action of the verb in a Passive sentence is done to or imposed upon
the subject.
In English the verb 'was' can be used - but in Welsh we must use 'cael' (because
the action 'is received' by the subje t, so to speak).
The Passive pattern is seen in familiar sentences such as:
Fe / Mi ges i fy ngeni yn America.
- I was born in America.
Ble cafodd Tom ei addysgu?
- Where was Tom educated?
Gawson nhw eu magu yn Aberystwyth?
- Were they raised in Aberystwyth?
Ble cafodd John Kennedy ei ladd?
- Where was John Kennedy killed?
Sut cafodd John Kennedy ei ladd?
- How was John Kennedy killed?
Pam cafodd John Kennedy ei ladd?
Talking about the house:
Pryd cafodd y tß ei adeiladu /godi?
- When was the house built?
Fe / Mi gafodd y tß ei adeiladu / godi ym mil naw tri dau.
- The house was built in 1932.
Pryd cafodd y cyntedd ei addurno?
- When was the hallway decorated?
Fe / Mi gafodd y cyntedd ei addurno wyth mlynedd yn ™l.
- The hallway was decorated eight years ago.
Pryd cafodd y tß ei ymestyn?
- When was the house extended?
Fe /Mi gafodd e (o)'i ymestyn y llynedd.
- It was extended last year.
2. When the 'ei' refers to something feminine, the mutation changes from
Soft to Aspirate
Fe / Mi gafodd y tß ei godi....
Fe / Mi gafodd y bont ei chodi.....
Pryd cafodd y cyntedd ei beintio?
Pryd cafodd y gegin ei pheintio?
Pryd cafodd y gwely blodau ei balu?
Pryd cafodd yr ardd ei phalu?
An 'h' grows in front of a verb which begins with a vowel if the sentence
refers to a feminine object
Pryd cafodd y tß ei adeiladu? (masculine)
Pryd cafodd y bont ei hadeiladu? (feminine)
3. Idiomau a dywediadau
mewn gwirionedd - in fact, in truth
erbyn hyn - by now
flynyddoedd yn ™l - years ago
ers rhai blynyddoedd - some years ago
4. Diarhebion
Teg edrych tuag adref.
- It's lovely to turn for / to look towards home.
(Home sweet home)
Castell pawb ei dß.
- Everyman's house is his castle.
(Home sweet home)
Cartref yw cartref, er tloted y bo.
- Home is homely, however poor it be.