GWERS 2
CYFLWYNYDD: ANN M. JONES
NOD: Trafod y tywydd
Geirfa
tanbaid - very hot heulog - sunny
chwilboeth - scorching hot clòs - close
crasboeth - scorching hot mwll - close
stormus - stormy gaeafol - wintry
hydrefol - autumnlike gwanwynol - springlike
hafaidd - summery main - piercing, keen
llithrig - slippery rhewllyd - frosty
gwlyb - wet cawodlyd - showery
cyfnewidiol - changeable
maleithiau - chilblains (DC) awel (b) - breeze
llosg eira - chilblains (GC) tymheredd - temperature
ysbaid (b) - period ysbeidiau - periods
llwydrew - hoar frost lliw haul - suntan
barrug - hoar frost lluwch(feydd) - snowdrift
gwlith - dew cawod(-ydd) - shower(s)
machlud - sunset mellten (b) - flash of lightning
taran (b) - thunder bolt mellt - lightning
taranau - thunder rhagolygon - forecast
tywynnu - to shine rhynnu - to shiver
fferru - to freeze (a person) crynu - to tremble, shiver
bygwth - to threaten llwydrewi - to cast hoar frost
arllwys - to pour barugo - to cast hoar frost
tywallt - to pour codi - to lift, brighten
pistyllio - to pour copri (DC) - to become dull
dadmer - to thaw (DC) sglefrio - to skate
meirioli - to thaw (GC) gostegu - to subside
lluwchio - to drift gwlitho - to form dew
machludo - to set (sun) ymestyn - to lengthen
cymylu - to become cloudy glasu - to green up
RHAN 1 - TYWYDD BRAF
Brawddegau posibl:
Mae hi'n boeth, on'd yw hi?
- It's hot, isn't it?
Mae'r haul yn danbaid yn yr Eidal.
- The sun is scorching in Italy.
Fe gafodd Bob liw haul yn Mallorca.
- Bob had a suntan in Mallorca.
Fe gawson ni dywydd crasboeth yn Sbaen.
- We had scorching hot weather in Spain.
Mae hi'n chwilboeth allan heddiw.
- It's scorching hot out today.
Roedd hi'n fwll neithiwr, on'd oedd?
- It was close last night, wasn't it?
'Dw i ddim yn hoffi mellt a tharanau.
- I don't like thunder and lightning.
Beth ydy'r rhagolygon?
- What's the forecast?
Glywsoch chi ragolygon y tywydd neithiwr?
- Did you hear the weather forecast last night?
On'd ydy hi'n wanwynol heddiw?
- Isn't it springlike today?
Mae'r dyddiau'n ymestyn, on'd ydyn nhw?
- The days are lengthening aren't they?
RHAN 2 - TYWYDD DRWG
Brawddegau posibl:
Mae'r gwynt yn fain.
- The wind is keen.
Mae hi'n bwrw (glaw) yn drwm.
- It's raining heavily.
Roedd hi'n arllwys (tywallt) y glaw y bore 'ma ond mae hi'n codi nawr.
- It was pouring with rain this morning but it's brightening up now.
Mae hi'n pistyllio (bwrw) y bore 'ma.
- It's tipping down this morning.
Fe gawson ni gawodydd ddoe.
- We had showers yesterday.
Roedd hi'n gawodlyd iawn yn Ffrainc.
- It was very showery in France.
Fe gawson ni lwydrew neithiwr.
- We had a frost last night.
Mae hi'n llwydrewi heno.
- It's freezing (casting a frost) tonight.
Mae'r eira wedi lluwchio ond mae e'n dechrau dadmer (meirioli) nawr.
- The snow has drifted but it is beginning to thaw now.
Roeddwn i wedi fferru yn aros am y bws.
- I was frozen waiting for the bus.
RHAN 3 - PWYNTIAU GRAMADEG
1. Remember we always refer to the weather in general as 'hi' (though it can be
omitted)
Mae (hi)'n braf y p'nawn 'ma, on'd ydy hi? (on'd yw hi?)
- It's fine this afternoon, isn't it?
But if the word 'it' refers to the word 'tywydd' (weather) then it's masculine.
Mae'r tywydd yn gyfnewidiol, on'd ydy e (o)? Ydy, mae e (o).
- The weather is changeable, isn't it ? Yes, it is.
2. There is a Soft Mutation in the adjectives which follow 'yn'.
As you know, 9 consonants can undergo Soft Mutation:
c>g p>b t>d g>- b>f d>dd ll> l rh>r m>f
Mae'r tywydd yn boeth.
Roedd hi'n wlyb ddoe.
Oedd hi'n gawodlyd yno?
but after 'yn', the consonants ll and rh are exceptions:
slippery - llithrig - yn llithrig
frosty - rhewllyd - yn rhewllyd
Roedd yr heol/y ffordd yn llithrig.
Roedd hi'n rhewllyd neithiwr.
3. Adjectives may be modified by using the following:
iawn (very) - which follows the adjective
Roedd hi'n boeth iawn ddoe.
eitha(f) (quite) - which comes between 'yn' and the adjective
Roedd hi'n eitha(f) poeth ddoe.
rhy (too) - which comes between 'yn' and the adjective and causes
a Soft Mutation
Roedd hi'n rhy boeth ddoe.
braidd (rather) - which precedes the adjective and 'yn'
Roedd hi braidd yn boeth ddoe.
4. Plural adjectives
Some adjectives have plural forms which can be used with plural nouns. All
the main colours have plural forms - together with some other adjectives.
cymylau duon - black clouds
coed gwyrddion - green trees
cawodydd trymion - heavy showers
mynyddoedd mawrion - big mountains
dynion tewion - fat men
5. Idiomau a dywediadau - Idioms and sayings
eira ˘yn bach snow in March
-
(little lambs' snow)
Yn wlyb at fy nghroen - soaked to my skin
[dy groen/ei groen [my skin/his skin
ei chroen ac ati] her skin etc]
mae'n gafael - it's biting
yn llygad yr haul - in direct sun (light)
yn bwrw hen wragedd a ffyn - raining cats and dogs
(old woman and sticks!)
gwynt traed y meirw - east wind
(from the feet of the dead)
Haf Bach Mihangel - Indian Summer
6. Diarhebion - Proverbs
Eira mân, eira mawr.
- Fine snow, heavy snow.
Nid yn y bore mae canmol tywydd teg.
- It isn't in the morning that one should praise fair weather.
Un wennol ni wna' wanwyn.
- One swallow doesn't make spring.
Mawrth a ladd, Ebrill a fling.
- March slays, April flays.