DNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
DNA is short for
DNA is a nucleic acid.
The subunits of nucleic acids are called
The each nucleotide of DNA has a , and a .
The nitrogen bases are A ,T ,G and C
The nitrogen bases always pair –T C–
The amount of adenine in a DNA molecule always equals the amount of .
The amount of guanine in a DNA molecule always the amount of cytosine.
The shape of a DNA molecule is a
How many strands make up a DNA molecule
The scientists who discovered the structure of the DNA molecule were and
BUILD A DNA MOLECULE
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/builddna/
Draw a diagram to show the molecule you built. Label your diagram and draw a line
around one nucleotide.
DNA REPLICATION
Define replication.
Go to the website below and read the introduction.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/
Click on the site below
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/shockwave.html
Click on DNA replication, unzip and follow the instructions. Draw the steps.
Replicate the following strands
ATCGTACAGTACTAGACAA
GTACGACTAGCCATGGTAT
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Go to the website below, click on protein synthesis and read information
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/
Click on site below
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/shockwave.html
Click on protein synthesis and follow the instructions.
Repeat the above process as needed, record the steps associated with protein synthesis,
and answer the questions below. You may also need the book as a resource.
RNA
RNA is a nucleic acid
The subunits of RNA are
The subunits of RNA are composed of , , and .
The nitrogen bases in RNA are , , and .
The replaces the thymine in DNA.
The base pairing in RNA is A- and G-
RNA is composed of a strand.
There are three types of RNA: mRNA , tRNA and rRNA
TRANSCRIPTION
Define mRNA
Define transcription
Draw transcription process.
Where does transcription occur in the cell?
What happens to the mRNA produced during transcription?
Transcribe the following DNA strands:
ATGCTTGACCGTATTGCGGAATC
TTCCGCAATTAACGGCATATGAC
TRANSLATION
Define tRNA
Draw a diagram to illustrate a tRNA molecule
Define rRNA
Define translation
Define codon
Define anticodon
What does each group of three nitrogen bases on the mRNA represent?
Explain how a codon chart is used to identify amino acids.
What amino acid is represented by each of the mRNA codons:
AUG UAG GCU CCC GAC
What anticodon matches each of these codons:
AAG UCG GAU AAU CUG
What transports the amino acids to the ribosome?
How does the tRNA know where to drop off an amino acid at the ribosome?
Name the bond that forms between amino acids in the polypeptide/protein chain.
Translate the following mRNA strands into amino acid strands
AUG-----GUC------AGC--------UAC
UGA-----GCA------CAC-------UGU