Sun, Moon and Stars
Standards and Benchmarks
Investigation 1
Standards and Benchmarks:
3.1.1 The Nature of Science and Engineering – The Practice of Engineering
Standard: Scientists work as individuals and in groups, emphasizing evidence, open communication and skepticism.
Benchmark 3.1.1.1.1:
Provide evidence to support claims other than saying “Everyone knows that,” or “I just know,” and question
such reasons when given by others.
3.1.1 The Nature of Science and Engineering – The Practice of Engineering
Standard: Scientific inquiry is a set of interrelated processes incorporating multiple approaches that are used to pose
questions about the natural world and investigate phenomena.
Benchmark 3.1.1.2.2:
Recognize that when a science investigation is done the way it was done before, even in a different place, a
similar result is expected.
3.2.3 Physical Science - Energy
Standard: Energy appears in different forms, including sound and light.
Benchmark 3.2.3.1.2
Explain how shadows form and can change in various ways.
3.3.3 Earth Science – The Universe
Standard: The sun and moon have locations and movements that can be observed and described.
Benchmark 3.3.3.1.1:
Observe and describe the daily and seasonal changes in the position of the sun and compare observations.
Investigation 2
Standards and Benchmarks:
3.3.3 Earth Science – The Universe
Standard: The sun and moon have locations and movements that can be observed and described.
Benchmark 3.3.3.1.2:
Recognize the pattern of apparent changes in the moon's shape and position.
3.1.1 The Nature of Science and Engineering – The Practice of Engineering
Standard: Scientific inquiry is a set of interrelated processes incorporating multiple approaches that are used to pose
questions about the natural world and investigate phenomena.
Benchmark 3.1.1.2.3:
Maintain a record of observations, procedures and explanations, being careful to distinguish between actual
observations and ideas about what was observed.
For example: Make a chart comparing observations about the structures of plants and animals.
Investigation 3
Standards and Benchmarks:
3.3.3 Earth Science – The Universe
Standard: Objects in the solar system as seen from Earth have various sizes and distinctive patterns of motion.
Benchmark 3.3.3.2:1
Demonstrate how a large light source at a great distance looks like a small light that is much closer.
For example: Car headlights at a distance look small compared to when they are close.:
Grade 3 – created Sept. 2009
Sun, Moon and Stars
Skills, Content and Focus Questions
Skills and Content
Investigation 1
Observe Daily changes in position of sun
Describe Seasonal changes in position of sun
Compare Daily to seasonal changes in position of sun
Explain Formation of shadows
Provide Evidence to support claims
Ask Questions
Recognize Repeatable results
Investigation 2
Recognize Pattern of moon’s shape and position
Maintain Record of observations
Record of explanations
Investigation 3
Demonstrate Large light source at great distance looks small
To meet standards: Teach entire kit
Focus Questions
Investigation 1
Part 1: How does the sun move sunrise to sunset?
Part 2: How do shadows change during a day and what does that tell us about the Sun?
Investigation 2
Part 1a: What natural objects can you see in the night sky? Are they the same or different from
those you see in the day sky?
Part 1b: How does the position of the moon and stars change?
Part 2: How does the shape of the Moon change over 4 weeks?
Investigation 3
Part 1: Why do stars appear to travel across the sky at night and why do different stars appear in
the sky at different times of the year?
Part 2: How do telescopes help us to study the stars?
Grade 3 – created Sept. 2009