Definitions Controlled Vocabularies and Formats Appendices

Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 1 Attachment A: Draft ED Web Content Metadata Specification Form See www.ed.gov/internal/EDWebMetadata/metadataform.html 1 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 2 Attachment B: Authority and Source Detail for “Subject” Element See separate file PrefSubjList.doc (109 pages, title ―ED Web Metadata: User Vocabulary and Other Authority Terms Mapped to Controlled ―Subject‖ Vocabulary‖). 2 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 3 Attachment C: Authority and Source Detail for “Level of Education” Element Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors (12 Edition – 1990 and current online working version at ERIC Processing and Reference Facility) – Educational Level and Age Level Terms The Thesaurus is the master list of ERIC's more than 10,000 subject headings used in indexing and searching the ERIC database. The Thesaurus includes complete cross-reference structures and rotated and hierarchical displays. The Thesaurus content is the result of 30 years of work and refinement by the ERIC system. The Thesaurus was cited by the American National Standards Institute as an exemplary model in its 1993 explication of the Z39.19 Standard (Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Thesauri).  Educational Level  Early Childhood Education (activities and/or experiences that are intended to effect developmental changes in children, from birth through the primary units of elementary school [grades K-3])  Preschool Education (activities and/or experiences that are intended to effect developmental changes in children, from birth to entrance in kindergarten [or grade 1 when kindergarten is not attended])  Primary Education (education provided in kindergarten through grade 3)  Elementary Secondary Education (formal education provided in kindergarten or grade 1 through grade 12)  Elementary Education (education provided in kindergarten or grade 1 through grade 6, 7, or 8)  Adult Basic Education (education provided for adults at the elementary level (through grade 8), usually with emphasis on communicative, computational, and social skills)  Primary Education (see above)  Intermediate Grades (includes the middle and/or upper elementary grades, but usually 4, 5, and 6)  Secondary Education (education provided in grade 7, 8, or 9 through grade 12)  Junior High Schools (providing formal education in grades 7, 8, and 9—less commonly 7 and 8, or 8 and 9)  High Schools (providing formal education in grades 9 or 10 through 12)  High School Equivalency Programs (adult educational activities concerned with the preparation for and the taking of tests which lead to a high school equivalency certificate, e.g., General Educational Development program)  Postsecondary Education (all education beyond the secondary level—includes learning activities and experiences beyond the compulsory school attendance age, with the exception of adult basic education and high school equivalency programs)  Higher Education (all education beyond the secondary level leading to a formal degree)  Two Year Colleges (public or private postsecondary institutions providing at least 2, but less than 4, years of academic and/or occupational education) Prekindergarten (use Preschool Education) Fundamental Education (Adults) (use Adult Basic Education) Senior High Schools (use High Schools) Comprehensive High School (use High Schools) Precollege Level (use High Schools) GED Programs (use High School Equivalency Programs) General Educational Development Programs (use High School Equivalency Programs) Grade 13 (use Postsecondary Education) Grade 14 (use Postsecondary Education) Post High School Education (use Postsecondary Education) th           3 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 4      Tertiary Education (use Postsecondary Education) Advanced Education (use Higher Education) Junior Colleges (use Two Year Colleges) See also ―Instructional Program Divisions‖ & ―Postsecondary Education‖ & their narrower & related terms Age Level  Neonates (aged birth to approximately 1 month)  Newborn Infants (use Neonates)  Infants (aged birth to approximately 24 months)  Young Children (aged birth through approximately 8 years)  Early Childhood (use Young Children)  Children (aged birth through approximately 12 years)  Toddlers (approximately 1-3 years of age)  Preschool Children (approximately 2-5 years of age)  Preadolescents (approximately 9-12 years of age)  Adolescents (approximately 13-17 years of age)  Early Adolescents (Age group between, and overlapping with, "preadolescents" and "adolescents" -- approximately 11-15 years of age)  Late Adolescents (Age group between, and overlapping with, "adolescents" and "young adults" -approximately 16-23 years of age)  Teenagers (use Adolescents)  Young Adults (approximately 18-30 years of age)  Adults (approximately 18+ years of age)  Adults (30 to 45) (age group between ‗young adults‘ and ‗middle aged adults‘—approximately 3045)  Middle Aged Adults (approximately 45-64 years of age)  Midlife (use Middle Aged Adults)  Young Old Adults (approximately 65-75 years of age)  Older Adults (approximately 65+ years of age)  Aged (use Older Adults)  Elderly (use Older Adults)  Old Age (use Older Adults)  Senior Citizens (use Older Adults)  Old Old Adults (approximately 75+ years of age) GEM -- Grade Element The Gateway to Educational Materials (GEM) is a consortium effort to catalog thousands of educational materials across hundreds of web sites. The GEM Grade element defines the ―Grade, grade span, educational level, or age of the entity‘s audience.‖   Grade:  Kindergarten,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 Educational Level:  All  Not specified  Adult/continuing education  Community College  Higher education  Preschool education  Vocational education 4 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 5 National Center for Education Statistics Structure of Education in the United States (Figure 1 in Digest of Education Statistics, 1999) (see figure at end of this document) National Public School Locator – Grade Span The Common Core of Data (CCD) is the Department of Education's primary database on public elementary and secondary education in the United States. CCD is a comprehensive, annual, national statistical database of all public elementary and secondary schools and school districts, which contains data that are designed to be comparable across all states.      Pre-kindergarten Kindergarten Un-graded Not Reported Grade 1, Grade 2, … Grade 12 College Opportunities On-Line – Type of Institution IPEDS College Opportunities On-Line is your direct link to over 9,000 colleges and universities in the United States. Data is derived from NCES' Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS).  less-than-2-year (Less than 2-year institutions offer training and award certificates of completion)  2-year (2-year institutions offer associates degrees)  4-year or above (4-year institutions offer bachelor‘s degrees and some offer advanced degrees) Note: Categories mix in another facet: public/private. Eisenhower National Clearinghouse for Mathematics & Science Education Resource Finder – Grades Element The Eisenhower National Clearinghouse for Mathematics and Science Education (ENC) is funded through a contract with the U. S. Department of Education to provide K-12 teachers with a central source of information on mathematics and science curriculum materials. The ENC Resource Finder catalogs thousands of K-12 math and science curriculum resources. The Grades element describes the target grade(s) for each resource. Pre-K, K, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 12+ Guide to ED Programs – View by Education Level In order to carry out its mandate, the U.S. Department of Education administers about 175 programs. The Guide to ED Programs provides a concise description of each program, identifies who may apply, and gives the name and telephone number of the Department office to contact for more information. The Level of Education element identifies the level of education of the target audience of eligible applicants for each grant program.    6-12 Adult Basic and Secondary Education for Parents and Their Children through Age 7 5 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 6                     Children from birth through 8 years who meet the definitions as a migratory child and their parents who meet the definitions of a migratory agricultural worker or migratory fisher in 34 CFR 200.40 Early Childhood Grades 7-12 Graduate Graduate Vocational K-12 K-Adult Middle Schools Out-of-School Youth Postsecondary Pre-K Prenatal-Kindergarten Preschool Preschool through Postsecondary Preschool to 12 Secondary Secondary (8-12) Undergraduate Vocational (Not Categorized) UNESCO Thesaurus: 1.30 Educational Systems and Levels The UNESCO Thesaurus is a controlled vocabulary developed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation which includes subject terms for the following areas of knowledge: education; science; culture; social and human sciences; information and communication; and politics, law and economics. It also includes the names of countries and groupings of countries (political, economic, geographic, ethnic and religious, and linguistic groupings).  Educational levels Scope Note: Broad steps of formal educational progressions from elementary to more complicated experience. Used as a classification in educational organization and statistics.  Higher education Scope Note: Stage following secondary education, regardless of course duration or certificate awarded. UseFor: Postsecondary education, Tertiary education, Third stage education, University education  Preschool education Scope Note: Education in nursery schools or kindergarten up to the age of five.  Child rearing Scope Note: Care of children by parents, guardians, or other primary caretakers. UseFor: Upbringing  Early childhood education UseFor: Infant education  Preprimary education Scope Note: Education of children of five and over just before entering primary education. UF Kindergarten  Primary education Scope Note: From age five to eleven. UseFor: Elementary education  Secondary education  Lower secondary education 6 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 7   UseFor: Intermediate education Upper secondary education UseFor: Sixth forms Educational Systems Scope Note: Arrangement into an organic whole of the interdependent institutions and programmes providing formal and nonformal education. (IBE uses: educational organization) UseFor: National educational systems  Adult education Scope Note: The offering of learning opportunities in professional and vocational development, personal development, and social development to adults. UseFor: Polyvalent adult education  Consumer education Scope Note: Study of intelligent and effective methods of buying and using goods and services.  Parent education  Workers education Scope Note: The education of union members to improve their bargaining skills. Do not confuse with "adult education".  Mass education Scope Note: A large-scale undertaking aimed at disseminating information to or influence the opinion of the general public; may also be used in relation to the propagation of popular culture.  Private education UseFor: Fee paying schools, Independent schools, Private schools  Public education UseFor: Public schools, State education, State schools  Traditional education Scope Note: That provided by societies before or alongside the introduction of a formal educational system.  Islamic education  Womens education  Girls education Basic Education Scope Note: A broader concept than primary schooling, comprising early child education, adult literacy programmes, and a range of nonformal activities for children, young people and adults. UF Fundamental education  Condition of Education, 1999 International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) levels: The International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) was designed as an instrument for presenting statistics on education internationally. Many countries report education statistics to UNESCO and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) using the ISCED. In this classification system, education is divided into several levels. The levels that follow are presented in The Condition of Education. Education preceding the first level (early childhood education) where it is provided, usually begins at age 3, 4, or 5 (sometimes earlier) and lasts from 1-3 years. For the United States, this would be mostly nursery schools and kindergarten classes. Education at the first level (primary education) usually begins at age 5, 6, or 7 and lasts for about 5 or 6 years. For the United States, the first level starts with grade 1 and ends with grade 6. 7 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 8 Education at the second level (lower secondary education) begins at about age 11 or 12 and lasts for about 3 years. For the United States, the second level starts with grade 7 and ends with grade 9. Education at the third level (upper secondary education) begins at about age 14 or 15 and lasts for approximately 3 years. For the United States, the third level starts with grade 10 and ends with grade 12. Education at the fifth level (nonuniversity higher education) is provided at community colleges, vocational-technical colleges, and other degree-granting institutions in which programs typically take 2 years or more, but less than 4 years to complete. Education at the sixth level (university higher education) is provided in undergraduate programs at 4-year colleges and universities in the United States and, generally, at universities in other countries. Completing education at the third level (upper secondary education) is usually required as a minimum condition for admission. Admission is competitive in most cases. Education at the seventh level (graduate and professional higher education) is provided in graduate and professional schools that generally require a university diploma as a minimum condition for admission. Education at the ninth level (undistributed) is a classification reserved for enrollments, expenditures, or programs that cannot be unambiguously assigned to one of the aforementioned levels. Some countries, for example, assign nongraded special education or recreational nondegree adult education programs to this level. Other countries assign nothing to this level, preferring instead to allocate enrollments, expenditures, and programs to levels as best they can. Draft Standard for Learning Object Metadata (IEEE P1484.12/D4.0) Sponsored by the Learning Technology Standardization Committee of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE), the draft IEEE 1484.12 standard specifies the syntax and semantics of learning object metadata, defined as the attributes required to fully and adequately describe a learning object. A learning object is defined here as any entity, digital or non-digital, that can be used, re-used or referenced during technology-supported learning. Examples of technology-supported learning applications include computer-based training systems, interactive learning environments, intelligent computer-aided instruction systems, distance learning systems, web-based learning systems and collaborative learning environments. Context element The principal environment within which the learning and use of this resource is intended to take place. Open vocabulary with best practice:  3=Primary Education  4=Secondary Education  5=Higher Education  6=University First Cycle  7=University Second Cycle  8=University Postgrade  9=Technical School First Cycle  10=Technical School Second Cycle  11=Professional Formation  12=Continuous Formation  13=Vocational Training 8 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 9 Typical Age Range element Age of the typical intended user. This element shall refer to developmental age, if that would be different from chronological age. NOTE:--The age of the learner is important for finding resources, especially for school age learners and their teachers. When applicable, the string should be formatted as minage-maxage or minage-. (NOTE:--This is a compromise between adding three subfields (minAge, maxAge and description) and having just a free text field.) NOTE:--Various reading age schemes, IQ's or developmental age measures should be represented through the 9:Classification category Reading Pathfinder – Age/Education Level Element The Reading Pathfinder database catalogs approximately 2,000 early childhood literacy resources.     Infants/Toddlers (birth-2) Preschoolers (3-4) Kindergartners (5) Primary Students (6-8) Note: numbers in parentheses indicate age. Literacy Information aNd Communication System (LINCS) – Skill Level Element LINCS - the Literacy Information aNd Communication System -- provides a single focal point for adult literacy resources, knowledge, and expertise from across the nation and the world. LINCS is a service of the National Institute for Literacy (NIFL).            None Adult – Advanced Adult – Beginner Adult – Intermediate Early Childhood (Birth – Pre-K) Primary (K-3) Elementary (4-6) Middle (6-8) Secondary (9-12) All Levels Not Applicable Note: numbers in parentheses indicate grade level. Directory of Resources for Foreign Language Programs – Grade Level Element The National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education (NCBE) and the ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics (ERIC/CLL) maintain a directory of national associations, professional organizations, state foreign language offices, funders, publishers of language learning materials, centers, clearinghouses, instructional materials Web sites, online publications, databases, regional conferences, and listservs. Each entry provides a description of the resource and information about the target audience, the level (preK-16) served, and the products and services available, as well as links to additional information. 9 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 10      Pre-K K-5 6-8 9-12 13-16 Education Network Australia (EDNA) -- EDNA.Userlevel Element (pre-10/00 version) EdNA is an Australian network of education services. The EdNA website is organized around Australian curriculum, its tools are free to Australian educators and it is funded by the bodies responsible for education provision in Australia – all Australian governments.   preschool primary  lower primary  middle primary  upper primary secondary  lower secondary  upper secondary teacher student VET (Vocational Education & Training) university      Education Network Australia (EDNA) – EDNA.Audience Element EdNA is an Australian network of education services. The EdNA website is organized around Australian curriculum, its tools are free to Australian educators and it is funded by the bodies responsible for education provision in Australia – all Australian governments.  edna-sector scheme values  preschool  school  vocational education and training (VET)  higher education  adult and community education (ACE) edna-userlevel scheme values  0-13 – represent the years of schooling, with 0 being the year before Year 1 where a preparatory year is part of primary schooling  Australian Qualifications Framework:  1 – Senior Secondary Certificate of Education  2 – Certificate I  3 – Certificate II  4 – Certificate III  5 – Certificate IV  6 – Diploma  7 – Advanced Diploma  8 – Bachelor Degree  9 – Graduate Certificate  10 – Graduate Diploma  11 – Masters Degree  12 – Doctoral Degree  10 Digest of Education Statistics, 1999 Statistical Abstract of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, 2000 edition Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan, page 6 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 12 Attachment D: Authority and Source Detail for “Audience” Element Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors (12 Edition – 1990 and current online working version at ERIC Processing and Reference Facility) – Educational Level and Age Level Terms The Thesaurus is the master list of ERIC's more than 10,000 subject headings used in indexing and searching the ERIC database. The Thesaurus includes complete cross-reference structures and rotated and hierarchical displays. The Thesaurus content is the result of 30 years of work and refinement by the ERIC system. The Thesaurus was cited by the American National Standards Institute as an exemplary model in its 1993 explication of the Z39.19 Standard (Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Thesauri). ERIC Target Audience    Policymakers Researchers Practitioners  Administrators  Teachers  Counselors  Media Staff  Support Staff Students Parents Community th    Other ERIC Audience-related Terms Note: The following vocabularies for ―Groups‖ and ―Disabilities‖ were taken from the 12 (1990) Edition of the Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors and need to be reviewed to incorporate subsequent descriptor additions, changes, and deletions.?  Groups  Advantaged  Age Groups  Adolescents  Adults  Adult Children  Adult Dropouts  Adults (30 to 45)  Adult Students  Middle Aged Adults  Older Adults  Frail Elderly  Old Old Adults  Young Old Adults  Young Adults  Children  Adopted Children  Foster Children  Grandchildren th 12 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 13          Hospitalized Children Latchkey Children Migrant Children Minority Group Children Missing Children Preadolescents Problem Children Transient Children Young Children  Infants  Neonates  Premature Infants  Kindergarten Children  Preschool Children  Toddlers                Alumni  Graduates  College Graduates  Foreign Medical Graduates  High School Graduates Arabs Artists  Musicians Athletes At Risk Persons  High Risk Students Audiences Authors  Poets Baby Boomers Blacks  Black Mothers  Black Students  Black Teachers  Black Youth Board Candidates Caregivers  Attendants  Child Caregivers  Family Caregivers Change Agents  Extension Agents  Linking Agents Classes (Groups of Students)  Multigraded Classes  Multilevel Classes (Second Language Instruction)  Nonauthoritarian Classes  Small Classes  Special Classes Clubs  Science Clubs  Youth Clubs College Applicants 13 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 14               Community Leaders Control Groups Criminals Dependents Disadvantaged  Disadvantaged Youth  Economically Disadvantaged  Educationally Disadvantaged  Gifted Disadvantaged Discussion Groups  Listening Groups Donors Dropouts  Adult Dropouts Employers Eskimos Ethnic Groups  Alaska Natives  American Indians  Nonreservation American Indians  Rural American Indians  Urban American Indians  Reservation American Indians  Anglo Americans  Canada Natives  Chinese Americans  Filipino Americans  French Canadians  Greek Americans  Hawaiians  Hmong People  Italian Americans  Japanese Americans  Korean Americans  Mexican Americans  Polish Americans  Portuguese Americans  Samoan Americans  Spanish Americans Exceptional Persons  Gifted  Academically Gifted  Gifted Disabled  Gifted Disadvantaged Experimental Groups Family (Sociological Unit)  Black Family  Dual Career Family  Extended Family  Foster Family  Nuclear Family  One Parent Family  Fatherless Family 14 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 15                         Motherless Family  Rural Family  Stepfamily Females  Battered Women  Daughters  Displaced Homemakers  Employed Women  Women Administrators  Women Faculty  Mothers  Black Mothers  Unwed Mothers  Nuns  Pregnant Students Financial Aid Applicants Heads of Households Homeless People Homemakers Homeowners Indians Indigenous Populations Indochinese  Cambodians  Laotians  Vietnamese People Institutionalized Persons  Prisoners Job Applicants Judges  Court Judges Juries Juvenile Gangs Labor Force Nonparticipants Landlords Latin Americans  Cubans  Dominicans  Haitians  Mexicans  Braceros  Puerto Ricans Lay People  Lay Teachers Leaders  Community Leaders  Youth Leaders Left Handed Writer Limited English Speaking Low Income Groups Males  Fathers  Sons 15 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 16         Matched Groups Migrants  Immigrants  Undocumented Immigrants  Migrant Children  Migrant Workers  Migrant Youth  Nomads  Refugees  Transient Children Minority Groups Native Speakers  Spanish Speaking Non English Speaking North Americans  Alaska Natives  Anglo Americans  Asian Americans  Chinese Americans  Filipino Americans  Japanese Americans  Korean Americans  Canada Natives  French Canadians  Greek Americans  Hispanic Americans  Mexican Americans  Portuguese Americans  Spanish Americans  Italian Americans  Pacific Americans  Hawaiians  Samoan Americans  Polish Americans No Shows Organizations (Groups)  Agencies  Accrediting Agencies  Private Agencies  Public Agencies  Planning Commissions  State Agencies  State Departments of Education  State Licensing Boards  Social Agencies  Welfare Agencies  Urban Renewal Agencies  Voluntary Agencies  Youth Agencies  Alumni Associations  Bibliographic Utilities  Black Organizations  Blue Ribbon Commissions 16 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 17    College Governing Councils Community Organizations  Citizens Councils  Consortia  Cooperatives  Database Producers  Faculty Organizations  Fraternities  Governing Boards  Boards of Education  State Boards of Education  Government (Administrative Body)  Federal Government  Local Government  City Government  State Government  Student Government  Honor Societies  International Organizations  Military Organizations  Armed Forces  National Organizations  Nonprofit Organizations  Online Vendors  Parent Associations  Political Parties  Professional Associations  Library Associations  Medical Associations  Teacher Associations  Religious Organizations  Research Coordinating Units  School Districts  County School Districts  Multicampus Districts  Segregationist Organizations  Social Organizations  Sororities  Student Organizations  Student Government  Student Unions  Unions Parents  Biological Parents  Employed Parents  Fathers  Grandparents  Lower Class Parents  Middle Class Parents  Mothers  Black Mothers  Unwed Mothers  Parents as Teachers 17 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 18    Patients  Hospitalized Children Peer Groups Personnel  Administrators  Admissions Officers  Assistant Principals  Coordinators  Audiovisual Coordinators  Instructor Coordinators  Deans  Academic Deans  Deans of Students  Department Heads  Medical Record Administrators  Personnel Directors  Presidents  College Presidents  Presidents of the United States  Principals  Registrars (School)  Research Directors  School Business Officials  Student Financial Aid Officers  Superintendents  Supervisors  Crew Leaders  State Supervisors  Student Teacher Supervisors  Trustees  Vocational Directors  Women Administrators  Agricultural Personnel  Agricultural Laborers  Migrant Workers  Seasonal Laborers  Agricultural Technicians  Farmers  Dairy Farmers  Part Time Farmers  Sharecroppers  Aircraft Pilots  Caseworkers  Parole Officers  Probation Officers  Social Workers  School Social Workers  Church Workers  Clergy  Priests  Consultants  Medical Consultants  Reading Consultants 18 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 19             Science Consultants Designers Differentiated Staffs Dislocated Workers Editors Employees  Entry Workers Equipment Manufacturers Evaluators Foreign Workers  Braceros Government Employees  Extension Agents  Food and Drug Inspectors  Foreign Diplomats  Immigration Inspectors  Military Personnel  Enlisted Personnel  Officer Personnel  Police  Public Officials  City Officials  County Officials  Court Judges  Legislators  State Officials  State Supervisors  Public School Teachers Guidance Personnel  Counselors  Adjustment Counselors  Employment Counselors  School Counselors Health Personnel  Allied Health Personnel  Dental Assistants  Dental Hygienists  Dental Technicians  Dietitians  Emergency Medical Technicians  Environmental Technicians  Home Health Aides  Medical Assistants  Medical Laboratory Assistants  Medical Record Administrators  Medical Record Technicians  Medical Technologists  Nurses Aides  Occupational Therapy Assistants  Optometrists  Physical Therapy Aides  Physicians Assistants  Psychiatric Aides 19 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 20        Radiologic Technologists Surgical Technicians Therapists  Occupational Therapists  Physical Therapists  Veterinary Assistants  Dentists  Hospital Personnel  Medical Consultants  Mental Health Workers  Psychiatric Aides  Psychiatrists  School Psychologists  Nurses  Nurse Practitioners  School Nurses  Pharmacists  Physicians  Foreign Medical Graduates  Psychiatrists  Psychologists  School Psychologists  Veterinarians Indigenous Personnel Industrial Personnel Institutional Personnel Interpreters Library Personnel  Librarians  Library Technicians  Medical Record Technicians Merchants Nonprofessional Personnel  Clerical Workers  Court Reporters  Examiners  File Clerks  Receptionists  Secretaries  School Secretaries  Sales Workers  Auto Parts Clerks  Semiskilled Workers  Animal Caretakers  Boat Operators  Grounds Keepers  Nursery Workers (Horticulture)  Sewing Machine Operators  Service Workers  Attendants  Barbers  Cooks  Emergency Squad Personnel    20 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 21     Emergency Medical Technicians Fire Fighters Household Workers  Home Health Aides  Housekeepers  Housing Management Aides  Waiters and Waitresses  Skilled Workers  Auto Body Repairers  Craft Workers  Electricians  Floor Layers  Glaziers  Locomotive Engineers  Machinists  Machine Repairers  Machine Tool Operators  Tool and Die Makers  Sign Painters  Television Radio Repairers  Watchmakers  Unskilled Workers  Laborers  Agricultural Laborers  Migrant Workers  Seasonal Workers  Auxiliary Laborers Ombudsmen Paraprofessional Personnel  Agricultural Technicians  Chemical Technicians  Electronic Technicians  Engineering Technicians  Highway Engineering Aides  Environmental Technicians  Forestry Aides  Housing Management Aides  Instrumentation Technicians  Legal Assistants  Marine Technicians  Mechanical Design Technicians  Metallurgical Technicians  Nuclear Power Plant Technicians  Paraprofessional School Personnel  School Aides  Teacher Aides  Bilingual Teacher Aides  Production Technicians  Radiographers  Veterinary Assistants  Visiting Homemakers Professional Personnel  Accountants   21 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 22                     Certified Public Accountants Architects Athletic Coaches Dentists Engineers Faculty  Adjunct Faculty  College Faculty  College Presidents  Counselor Educators  Graduate School Faculty  Medical School Faculty  Professors  Student Teacher Supervisors  Teacher Educators  Methods Teachers  Teaching Assistants  Deans  Academic Deans  Deans of Students  Department Heads  Faculty Advisors  Full Time Faculty  Nontenured Faculty  Part Time Faculty  Partnership Teachers  Tenured Faculty  Women Faculty Information Scientists  Librarians Lawyers Mathematicians Nurses  Nurse Practitioners  School Nurses Optometrists Pharmacists Physicians  Foreign Medical Graduates  Psychiatrists Psychologists  School Psychologists Research Directors Researchers  Educational Researchers Scientists Social Scientists Social Workers  School Social Workers Teachers  Adult Educators  Art Teachers  Beginning Teachers 22 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 23       Bilingual Teachers Black Teachers Catholic Educators Cooperating Teachers Elementary School Teachers Home Economics Teachers Industrial Arts Teachers Instructor Coordinators Itinerant Teachers Language Teachers Lay Teachers Master Teachers Mathematics Teachers Minority Group Teachers Music Teachers Physical Education Teachers Preschool Teachers Public School Teachers Reading Teachers Remedial Teachers Resource Teachers Science Teachers Secondary School Teachers Special Education Teachers Student Teachers Substitute Teachers Teacher Interns Television Teachers Tutors Vocational Education Teachers  Business Education Teachers  Distributive Education Teachers  Trade and Industrial Teachers  Writing Teachers  Therapists  Occupational Therapists  Physical Therapists  Veterinarians Programmers Reentry Workers Research Assistants Resident Advisers  Resident Assistants Resource Staff School Personnel  Admissions Officers  Assistant Principals  Audiovisual Coordinators  Faculty  [repeats Faculty terms from above]  Foreign Student Advisers  Paraprofessional School Personnel  School Aides                               23 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 24               Teacher Aides  Bilingual Teacher Aides  Principals  Pupil Personnel Workers  Attendance Officers  Registrars (School)  School Business Officials  School Cadres  School Counselors  School Nurses  School Psychologists  School Secretaries  School Social Workers  Student Financial Aid Officers  Student Personnel Workers  Scientific Personnel  Mathematicians  Science Consultants  Scientists  Security Personnel  Specialists  Child Development Specialists  Film Production Specialists  Media Specialists  Audiovisual Coordinators  Systems Analysts  Trainers Political Candidates Potential Dropouts Quality Circles Recreationists Reference Groups Religious Cultural Groups  Catholics  Jews  Protestants  Amish  Puritans Research and Instruction Units Role Models  Mentors Runaways Rural Population  Rural American Indians  Rural Family  Rural Farm Residents  Rural Nonfarm Residents  Rural Youth Seafarers Self Directed Groups Siblings  Twins Slow Learners  24 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 25      Social Class  Caste  Lower Class  Lower Middle Class  Middle Class  Upper Class  Working Class Social Support Groups Spouses Stopouts Students  Adult Students  Advanced Students  Bilingual Students  Black Students  College Students  College Freshman  College Juniors  College Seniors  College Sophomores  College Transfer Students  Graduate Students  Dental Students  Law Students  Medical Students  Graduate Medical Students  In State Students  On Campus Students  Out of State Students  Resident Assistants  Student Teachers  Two Year College Students  Undergraduate Students  Premedical Students  Commuting Students  Continuation Students  Day Students  Elementary School Students  Evening Students  Foreign Students  Full Time Students  High Risk Students  Lower Class Students  Majors (Students)  Education Majors  Married Students  Middle Class Students  Nonmajors  Nontraditional Students  Part Time Students  Pregnant Students  Reentry Students  Secondary School Students 25 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 26                High School Students  College Bound Students  High School Freshmen  High School Seniors  Noncollege Bound Students  Junior High School Students  Self Supporting Students  Single Students  Special Needs Students  Student Volunteers  Terminal Students  Transfer Students  College Transfer Students  White Students Tissue Donors Trainees Tribes Union Members Urban Population  Urban American Indians  Urban Youth Users (Information) Veterans  Vietnam Veterans Victims of Crime Volunteers  Student Volunteers Welfare Recipients Whites  White Students Widowed Youth  Affluent Youth  Black Youth  Disadvantaged Youth  Migrant Youth  Out of School Youth  Rural Youth  Suburban Youth  Urban Youth Youth Leaders  Disabilities  Adventitious Impairments  Attention Deficit Disorders  Behavior Disorders  Communication Disorders  Congenital Impairments  Cerebral Palsy  Cleft Palate  Downs Syndrome  Spina Bifida  Developmental Disabilities 26 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 27           Diseases  Alcoholism  Allergy  Alzheimers Disease  Anemia  Sickle Cell Anemia  Anorexia Nervosa  Asthma  Bulimia  Cancer  Chronic Illnes  Communicable Diseases  Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome  Rubella  Venereal Diseases  Diabetes  Drug Addiction  Failure to Thrive  Hypertension  Obesity  Occupational Diseases  Poisoning  Lead Poisoning  Seizures  Terminal Illness Hearing Impairments  Deafness  Partial Hearing Injuries  Head Injuries Language Handicaps  Aphasia  Dyslexia Learning Disabilities Low Incidence Disabilities Mental Disorders  Emotional Disturbances  Psychosomatic Disorders  Neurosis  Psychosis  Autism  Echolalia  Schizophrenia Mental Retardation  Downs Syndrome  Mild Mental Retardation  Moderate Mental Retardation  Severe Mental Retardation Mild Disabilities  Mild Mental Retardation  Minimal Brain Dysfunction Multiple Disabilities  Deaf Blind 27 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 28       Perceptual Handicaps Physical Disabilities  Amputations  Cleft Palate  Heart Disorders  Neurological Impairments  Aphasia  Cerebral Palsy  Epilepsy  Minimal Brain Dysfunction Severe Disabilities  Psychosis  Autism  Echolalia  Schizophrenia  Severe Mental Retardation Special Health Problems Speech Handicaps  Articulation Impairments  Cleft Palate  Delayed Speech  Stuttering  Voice Disorders Visual Impairments  Ametropia  Hyperopia  Myopia  Blindness  Partial Vision  Strabismus GEM Audience (ToolFor, Beneficiary) The Gateway to Educational Materials (GEM) is a consortium effort to catalog thousands of educational materials across hundreds of web sites. The GEM Audience element includes two sub-elements:  ToolFor -- The group that would use the resource (e.g., a teacher).  Beneficiary -- The target audience of the resource (e.g., learning disabled students). A tool for whom? Administrators College/ University Instructors Curriculum Supervisors Elementary School Teachers General Public Librarians Middle School Teachers Other Educational Professionals Parents Policy-Makers Secondary School Teachers Student Teachers Students Supervisors Who is the ultimate beneficiary? Administrators Adult education students Advanced placement students African-American students Asian-American Students At-risk students Bilingual students College/ University Instructors Culturally diverse classroom Curriculum supervisors Developmentally disabled students Disabled students Economically disadvantaged students Elementary school teachers 28 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 29 Teacher Educators Teachers Teaching Professionals Technology Coordinators Emotionally disabled students English as a second languages (ESL) students Female students General Public Gifted or honors students Hearing-impaired students Hispanic-American students Learning disabled students Librarians Limited English proficiency (LEP) students Male students Middle school teachers Minority students Native American Students Other educational professionals Pacific Islanders Parents Physically disabled students Policy-makers Remedial students Rural students Secondary school teachers Students Students with multiple disabilities Student teachers Suburban students Supervisors Teachers Teacher educators Teaching professionals Urban students Vision-impaired students All Dublin Core Education Group – Draft Recommendations for Audience Element ? Guide to ED Programs – View by Who May Apply In order to carry out its mandate, the U.S. Department of Education administers about 175 programs. The Guide to ED Programs provides a concise description of each program, identifies who may apply, and gives the name and telephone number of the Department office to contact for more information. The ―Who May Apply‖ element identifies the types of individuals or organizations eligible to apply for each grant program.        Individuals Institutions of Higher Education Local Education Agencies Nonprofit Organizations Other Organizations and/or Agencies State Education Agencies (Not Categorized) 29 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 30 Education Resource Organizations Directory (EROD) Audience Terms The Education Resource Organizations Directory (EROD) is intended to help customers identify and contact organizations that provide information and assistance on a broad range of education-related topics. The Directory includes information on more than 2,400 national, regional, and state education organizations. The subject vocabulary is derived from ERIC Thesaurus and is used to describe education resource organizations‘ subject scopes.  Administrators/Directors/Principals  Board members  Elementary administrators/directors/principals  Secondary administrators/directors/principals  Superintendents  Personnel administrators  Trustees  University/college administrators/directors  University/college governing boards  Vocational training administrators/directors/principals Subscribers  Authorized library users  Friends of the library  International members  Members  Retainer clients Counselors/Social Workers  Elementary counselors/social workers  Financial aid administrators  Secondary counselors/social workers  University/college counselors/social workers  Vocational training counselors/social workers Education Agencies  Local board of education  Local education agencies  Local education community  State board of education  State education agencies  State education community University/College Faculty  Area faculty and students  Community colleges  Student personnel workers  University/college alumni  University/college community  University/college consortium members  University/college faculty and students General Public  General public by request  General public for a fee  General public postsecondary age  General public with restrictions School Districts  Local school district personnel       30 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 31              Public school teachers  State school district personnel Health Care Professionals  Health educators  Hospital personnel  Medical center faculty  Medical center faculty, students, and staff  Medical community  Medical society members  Mental health professionals  Pediatricians  Personnel psychologists  Psychiatrists  Psychologists  Psychology faculty and students  School nurses Practitioners People With Disabilities Librarians  Elementary school librarians  Federal librarians  Information specialists  Library community  Library consortium members  Public librarians  Secondary school librarians  Special librarians  State librarians  University/college librarians Media Residents  Area residents  Local residents  Regional residents  State residents Other Parents  Elementary school students' parents  Secondary school students' parents  University/college students' parents  Vocational training school students' parents Legal Community  Judges  Lawyers Researchers Students  Elementary school students  Graduate students  Secondary school students  University/college students  Vocational training school students Teachers/Professors  Adult educators 31 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 32      Day care personnel  Early childhood educators  Educators  Elementary school coaches/athletic directors  Elementary school teachers  Inservice teachers  Private school educators  Secondary school coaches/athletic directors  Secondary school teachers  Teacher educators  University/college coaches/athletic directors  University/college teachers/professors  Vocational training school teachers Vocational Education Community  State vocational education community  State vocational educators Personnel  Area business personnel  Business professionals  Government personnel  Higher education personnel  Human resources personnel  Labor force/employers  Local business personnel  Local public school personnel  Local/county educators  Military personnel  Other government personnel  Special educators  State educators  State government personnel  State public school personnel  State special educators Policymakers U.S. Department of Education  NLE/ERIC staff  ERIC System staff  U.S. Department of Education personnel Think College Early Database of Early College Awareness Programs – Type of Students Served & Type of Area Served The Early College Awareness Directory is a searchable list of programs that are geared toward informing middle school students about college.  Type of Students Served st  1 Generation College -- Different programs may define this term differently. In its most restrictive definition, it would mean neither of the student‘s parents or guardians ever enrolled in a postsecondary institution. The broader definition would define it to mean that neither of the student‘s parents or guardians graduated from a postsecondary institution.  Academically Qualified -- The program accepts only students with a certain minimum grade point average as defined by that particular program. For some programs with a math or science 32 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 33  concentration, academically qualified means that students performed better than average in these particular subject areas.  All Students -- All students are potentially eligible; however, it does not mean that the program can accept every student who is interested, usually because of budget limitations.  At-Risk -- Programs use this term in many different ways. Usually, programs using this category to select students are targeting students who have a high chance of not completing school.  Low Family Income -- Students are selected because their family‘s income is either below the national poverty rate, the student is eligible for free- or reduced-price lunches at school, or the family‘s income meets a program‘s standards and definitions for low family income.  Racial-Ethnic Minority -- The program specifies that it serves only particular minority groups of students depending on their race or ethnicity, such as African Americans, Native Americans, Asian Americans, and/or Hispanic Americans.  Rural -- The program only serves rural areas and/or farming communities.  Urban -- The program only serves urban areas. Type of Area Served  City(ies)/Town(s)  County(ies)  Individual School(s)  Nation  School District(s)  State(s) ED Internet Customer Survey The ED Internet Customer Survey gathers responses from visitors to the ED web site who elect to complete and submit the survey form. The form captures some demographic information about the customer's role and organizational affiliation.          Student Teacher Education administrator or manager Parent or family member Researcher or analyst Policy maker or legislator Librarian Writer or reporter Other Draft Standard for Learning Object Metadata (IEEE P1484.12/D4.0) Sponsored by the Learning Technology Standardization Committee of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE), the draft IEEE 1484.12 standard specifies the syntax and semantics of learning object metadata, defined as the attributes required to fully and adequately describe a learning object. A learning object is defined here as any entity, digital or non-digital, that can be used, re-used or referenced during technology-supported learning. Examples of technology-supported learning applications include computer-based training systems, interactive learning environments, intelligent computer-aided instruction systems, distance learning systems, web-based learning systems and collaborative learning environments. Intended End User Role element Principal user(s) for which this resource was designed, most dominant first. A learner works with a resource in order to learn something. An author creates or publishes a resource. A manager manages the delivery of this resource, e.g., a university or college. The document for a manager is typically a curriculum. 33 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 34 NOTE:--In order to describe the intended end user role through the skills he is intended to master, or the tasks he is intended to be able to accomplish, the category 9:Classification can be used. restricted vocabulary:  3=Teacher  4=Author  5=Learner  6=Manager Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) Publication Database – Customer Categories The OERI Publications Plan Database tracks OERI & NCES publications from the initial concept through printing.          Business Education Practitioners General Public News Media Parents Policymakers Researchers Statistical Users Students Reading Pathfinder (RP) – Audience Element The Reading Pathfinder database catalogs approximately 2,000 early childhood literacy resources.          All Caregivers Children Community Educators Grandparents/Family Librarians Parents Policymakers Literacy Information aNd Communication System (LINCS) – Audience Element LINCS - the Literacy Information aNd Communication System -- provides a single focal point for adult literacy resources, knowledge, and expertise from across the nation and the world. LINCS is a service of the National Institute for Literacy (NIFL).           None Administrator Adolescent Business/Industry Child Counselor/Mentor General Parent Policy Maker Program Manager 34 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 35     Student/Learner Teacher/Instructor Trainee Tutor Directory of Resources for Foreign Language Programs – Target Audience Element The National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education (NCBE) and the ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics (ERIC/CLL) maintain a directory of national associations, professional organizations, state foreign language offices, funders, publishers of language learning materials, centers, clearinghouses, instructional materials Web sites, online publications, databases, regional conferences, and listservs. Each entry provides a description of the resource and information about the target audience, the level (preK-16) served, and the products and services available, as well as links to additional information.          Administrators Business People Funders Parents Policymakers Researchers Teachers Teacher Trainers Students Education Network Australia (EDNA) – EDNA.Audience Element EdNA is an Australian network of education services. The EdNA website is organized around Australian curriculum, its tools are free to Australian educators and it is funded by the bodies responsible for education provision in Australia – all Australian governments.      student teacher/lecturer parent/carer administrator community member 35 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 36 Attachment E: Authority and Source Detail for “Resource Type” Element ERIC Publication Types ERIC Ready Reference #2, last revised May 1997, lists publication type codes used in cataloging entries to the ERIC database                                        010 Books 020 Collected Works---General 021 Collected Works---Conference Proceedings 022 Collected Works---Serials 030 Creative Works (Literature, Drama, Fine Arts) 040 Dissertations/Theses---Undetermined 041 Dissertations/Theses---Doctoral Dissertations 042 Dissertations/Theses---Masters Theses 043 Dissertations/Theses---Practicum Papers 050 Guides---General (use more specific code, if possible) 051 Guides---Classroom Use---Instructional Materials (For Learner) 052 Guides---Classroom Use---Teaching Guides (For Teacher) 055 Guides---Non-Classroom Use (For Administrative and Support Staff, and for Teachers, Parents, Clergy, Researchers, Counselors, etc.) 060 Historical Materials 070 Information Analyses (State-of-the-Art Papers, Research Summaries, Literature Reviews, etc.) 071 Information Analyses---ERIC Information Analysis Products (IAPs) 072 Information Analyses---Book/Product Reviews 073 Information Analyses---ERIC Digests (Selected) in Full Text 074 Information Analyses---Non-ERIC Digests (Selected) in Full Text 080 Journal Articles 090 Legal/Legislative/Regulatory Materials 100 Audiovisual/Non-Print Materials 101 Audiovisual/Non-Print Materials---Computer Programs 102 Audiovisual/Non-Print Materials---Machine-Readable Data Files (MRDFs) 110 Statistical Data (Numerical, Quantitative, etc.) 120 Viewpoints (Opinion Papers, Position Papers, Essays, etc.) 130 Reference Materials---General (use more specific code, if possible) 131 Reference Materials---Bibliographies/Annotated Bibliographies 132 Reference Materials---Directories/Catalogs 133 Reference Materials---Geographic Materials/Maps 134 Reference Materials---Vocabularies/Classifications/Dictionaries 140 Reports---General (use more specific code, if possible) 141 Reports---Descriptive (i.e., Project Descriptions) 142 Reports---Evaluative/Feasibility 143 Reports---Research/Technical 150 Speeches, Conference Papers 160 Tests, Evaluation Instruments 170 Translations 171 Translations---Multilingual/Bilingual Materials ERIC Thesaurus  Publications  Book Reviews 36 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 37        Books  Foreign Language Books  High Interest Low Vocabulary Books  Paperback Books  Picture Books  Textbooks  History Textbooks  Multicultural Textbooks  Yearbooks Catalogs  Library Catalogs  Book Catalogs  Card Catalogs  Union Catalogs  Online Catalogs  School Catalogs Comics (Publications) Computer Software Reviews Literature Reviews Pamphlets Reference Materials  Abstracts  Anthologies  Atlases  Bibliographies  Annotated Bibliographies  Citations (References)  Dictionaries  Glossaries  Directories  Discographies  Encyclopedias  Filmographies  Guides  Administrator Guides  Curriculum Guides  State Curriculum Guides  Faculty Handbooks  Laboratory Manuals  Leaders Guides  Library Guides  Program Guides  Study Guides  Teaching Guides  Test Manuals  Indexes  Citation Indexes  Coordinate Indexes  Permuted Indexes  Library Catalogs  Book Catalogs  Card Catalogs  Union Catalogs 37 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 38        Thesauri  Yearbooks Reports  Annual Reports  Conference Papers  Opinion Papers  Personal Narratives  Position Papers  Mission Statements  Practicum Papers  Research Reports  Theses  Doctoral Dissertations  Masters Theses School Publications  Faculty Handbooks  School Catalogs  School Newspapers  Student Publications Serials  Annual Reports  Bulletins  Conference Proceedings  Newspapers  Newsletters  School Newspapers  Periodicals  Foreign Language Periodicals  Scholarly Journals  Yearbooks State of the Art Reviews Test Reviews Educational Media  Audiovisual Aids  Instructional Films  Protocol Materials  Autoinstructional Aids  Teaching Machines  Instructional Materials  Advance Organizers  Bilingual Instructional Materials  Courseware  Experience Charts  Instructional Films  Laboratory Manuals  Learning Modules  Manipulative Materials  Problem Sets  Programmed Instructional Materials  Protocol Materials  Student Developed Materials  Student Writing Models 38 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 39      Study Guides Teacher Developed Materials  Teacher Made Tests Textbooks  History Textbooks  Multicultural Textbooks Workbooks Information Services  Community Information Services  Hotlines (Public)  Information Dissemination  Propaganda  Publicity  Advertising  Television Commercials  Institutional Advancement  Referral  Selective Dissemination of Information  Information Processing  Data Collection  Sampling  Item Sampling  Data Processing  Input Output  Keyboarding (Data Entry)  Time Sharing  Documentation  Abstracting  Bibliometrics  Citation Analysis  Bibliographic Coupling  Cataloging  Machine Readable Cataloging  Filing  Indexing  Automatic Indexing  Information Retrieval  Online Searching  Information Storage  Word Processing  Library Services  Library Circulation  Interlibrary Loans  Library Extension  Library Technical Processes  Library Acquisition  Library Material Selection  Reference Services  Videotex Nonprint Media  Audiodisks  39 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 40           Documentaries Exhibits  Science Fairs Films  Foreign Language Films  Instructional Films  Kinescope Recordings  Single Concept Films Filmstrips Optical Disks  Optical Data Disks Realia Tape Recordings  Audiotape Recordings  Videotape Recordings Transparencies  Slides Videodisks Visual Aids  Bulletin Boards  Cartoons  Chalkboards  Charts  Experience Charts  Flow Charts  Diagrams  Display Aids  Films  Foreign Language Films  Instructional Films  Kinescope Recordings  Single Concept Films  Filmstrips  Geometric Constructions  Graphs  Illustrations  Maps  Microforms  Microfiche  Microfilm  Computer Output Microfilm  Photographic Equipment  Photographs  Projection Equipment  Filmstrip Projectors  Microform Readers  Opaque Projectors  Overhead Projectors  Tachistoscopes  Raised Line Drawings  Screens (Displays)  Signs 40 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 41       Tables (Data)  Expectancy Tables Three Dimensional Aids Transparencies  Slides Videodisks Video Equipment  Videotape Recorders Videotape Recordings Suggested Product Types for Regional Educational Laboratory Products List of 'Product Types' suggested by Ted Brandhorst, Director of ERIC Processing and Reference Facility to Jim Clemmens (OERI) in March 16, 2000 email correspondence attachment 'Data Fields to be Provided with Regional Educational Laboratory Products"  Document/Book  Bibliography/Resource Guide  Book  Catalog  Conference Paper/Proceedings  Curriculum Material  Directory  Document (General)  Handbook/Guidebook/Manual  Research Report/Project Description Journal/Serial  Journal Issue  Journal Article  Newsletter Brochure/Folder/Booklet/Fact Sheet/Information Packet/Poster, etc. Non-Print Media  Audiotape  CD-ROM/DVD  Computer Diskette  Multi-Media Packet  Slides  Transparencies  Videotape  Web Site    GEM Resource Type GEM is a consortium effort to catalog thousands of educational materials across hundreds of web sites. GEM uses a two-tiered subject vocabulary to describe major K-12 curriculum areas.         Activity Artifact Best Practice Catalog Record Community Course Curriculum Data Set 41 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 42                    Educator‘s Guide Environment Event Form Image Set Lesson Plan Literature On-line Book Primary Source Project Realia Reference Research Study Secondary Source Service Story Study Guide Tool Unit of Instruction Eisenhower National Clearinghouse for Mathematics & Science Education Resource Finder – Resource Type Element The Eisenhower National Clearinghouse for Mathematics and Science Education (ENC) is funded through a contract with the U. S. Department of Education to provide K-12 teachers with a central source of information on mathematics and science curriculum materials. The ENC Resource Finder catalogs thousands of K-12 math and science curriculum resources. The Resource Type element describes the type/genre of each resource.              Lesson Plans and Activities Teacher Guides Textbooks Games Learning Tools and Models Tests and Assessments Career Guidance Materials Standards and Curriculum Frameworks Professional Development Literature Resource Materials Technology Tools and Support Materials Curriculum Programs Dublin Core Type Working Group Dublin Core Working Draft List of Resource Types   collection -- an aggregation of items. The term collection means that the resource is described as a group; its parts may be separately described and navigated. dataset -- structured information encoded in lists, tables, databases, etc., which will normally be in a format available for direct machine processing. For example - spreadsheets, databases, GIS data, midi data. Note that unstructured numbers and words will normally be considered to be type text. 42 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 43            event -- a non-persistent, time-based occurence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, responsible agents, and links to related events and resources. The resource of type event may not be retrievable if the described instantiation has expired or is yet to occur. Examples - exhibition, web-cast, conference, workshop, open-day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea-party, conflagration. image -- the content is primarily symbolic visual representation other than text. For example - images and photographs of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other images and graphics, animations and moving pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Note that image may include both electronic and physical representations. interactive resource -- a resource which requires interaction from the user to be understood, executed, or experienced. For example - forms on web pages, applets, multimedia learning objects, chat services, virtual reality. model -- an abstraction of the real thing, i.e. some generalisation and interpretation. Models could be considered a symbolic representation. Examples include performance models, cost models, mechanical models, etc. party -- a person, organization, cultural group, or institution. physical object -- a non-human object or substance. For example - a computer, the great pyramid, a sculpture, wheat. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these things should use image, text or one of the other types. place -- a geographic area. service -- a system that provides one or more functions of value to the end-user. Examples include: a photocopying service, a banking service, an authentication service, interlibrary loans, a Z39.50 or Web server. software -- a computer program in source or compiled form which may be available for installation non-transiently on another machine. For software which exists only to create an interactive environment, use interactive instead. sound -- a resource whose content is primarily audio or intended to be realized in audio. For example - music, speech, recorded sounds. This category includes musical notation, including score, which is unrealized in sound. text -- a resource whose content is primarily words for reading. For example - books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core Education Working Group (dc-education) list of resource type vocabularies compiled by Jon Mason of EdNA California Environmental Resources Evaluation System (CERES) – Data Types CERES is an information system developed by the California Resources Agency to facilitate access to a variety of electronic data describing California's rich and diverse environments. The goal of CERES is to improve environmental analysis and planning by integrating natural and cultural resource information from multiple contributors and by making it available and useful to a wide variety of users.  Collections  Archives  Digital Libraries  Libraries  Museum Collections Recordings  Audio-Visual Materials  Sound Recordings  Video Recordings Datasets  Databases   43 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 44     Real-time Data  Survey Data Reference Services  Bibliographies  Cataloging Rules  Catalogs  Classification Systems  Dictionaries  Directories  Encyclopedias  Gazetteers  Information Services  Email Lists  Referral Services  Search Services  Metadata Standards  Subject Heading Lists  Thesauri Geographic Information  Aerial Photographs  Atlases  Geographic Information Systems  Maps  Orthophotos  Satellite Imagery  Spatial Data Textual Works  Abstracts  Advertisements  Articles  Bibliographies  Biographies  Books  Conference Papers  Correspondence  Documents  FAQs  Fictional Works  Legislation  Manuals  Metadata  Monographs  Periodicals  Journals  Magazines  Newsletters  Newspapers  Plans  Press Releases  Proceedings  Proposals  Reports  Requests for Proposals 44 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 45    Solicitations  Theses Images  Animations  Art Works  Drawings  Graphics  Motion Pictures  Photographs  Remote Sensing Images Other Information Types  Curricula  Expertise  Models  Organizations  Programs  Projects  Software  Websites Alexandria Digital Library Object Type Thesaurus This hierarchical set of terms for describing (representing) object types has been created for the Alexandria Digital Library Project because no comparable set of terminology could be found that met our needs. Our intention is to eventually use such a structure of terminology to describe the "content type" or "logical type" of an item. Please note, however, that this Thesaurus has not been implemented and therefore has not been tested.  collections  archives  catalogs datasets  data (use datasets)  survey data events geospatial works  cartographic works (use geospatial works)  charts (use maps)  geographic atlases  geologic sections  globes  maps  panoramic views  topographic profiles graphic works  diagrams  graphics (use graphic works) images (The content is primarily visual in two dimensions and is not text: for example, images, graphics, paintings, animations, diagrams. Note that "images" may include both electronic and      45 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 46 physical representations. [adapted from the definition for "image" from the Dublic Core Resource Type & Format Working Group])  art works  art originals  art prints  art reproductions  paintings  motion pictures  animations  photographs  aerial photographs (Photographs taken from an air-borne vehicle within the earth's atmosphere, such as an airplane, balloon, or kite; from a camera strapped to a bird; or a person, such as a parachutist, in flight [Lib of Congress Thesaurus for Graphic Materials])  orthophotographs  photographs from space  remote-sensing images  aerial photographs  radar images  individuals  experts  persons (use individuals) models  3-dimensional models (use models)  geologic models (use models)  mathematical models (use models)  simulations (use models)  theoretical models (use models) multimedia packages musical works organizations physical objects (Three dimensional objects or substances which are not specifically covered by other terms.) projects recordings  audio (use sound recordings)  recorded sound (use sound recordings)  sound (use sound recordings)  sound recordings (The content is primarily audio: for example, music, speech, recorded sounds. [adapted from the definition for "sound" from the Dublin Core Resource Type & Format Working Group])  spoken word (use sound recordings)  video recordings services  interactive services  chat services         46 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 47   discussion lists  games  news groups reference services  cataloging rules  classification systems  dictionaries  directories  gazetteers (place names dictionaries)  glossaries (use dictionaries)  metadata standards  subject heading lists  thesauri  software packages (Computer programs which may be available for installation.)  computer programs (use software packages)  modeling software  software (use software packages) textual works (Resources in which the content is primarily words for reading: for example, books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the type "textual works". (adapted from the definition of "text" from Dublin Core Resource Type & Format Working Group))  abstracts  articles  bibliographies  biographies  autobiographies  books (use monographs)  conference papers  correspondence  dissertations (use theses)  email messages (use correspondence)  essays (use textual works)  fictional works  dramatic works  plays (use dramatic works)  poems  letters (use correspondence)  listserv messages (use correspondence)  manuscripts (use textual works)  monographs  manuals  monographic series  newsgroup messages (use correspondence)  novels (use fictional works)  papers (use conference papers)  preprints (use articles)  proceedings  reports  research papers (use conference papers)  serial works  journals  47 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 48      magazines  newsletters  newspapers stories (use fictional works) technical reports (use reports) text (use textual works) theses Draft Standard for Learning Object Metadata (IEEE P1484.12/D4.0) Sponsored by the Learning Technology Standardization Committee of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE), the draft IEEE 1484.12 standard specifies the syntax and semantics of learning object metadata, defined as the attributes required to fully and adequately describe a learning object. A learning object is defined here as any entity, digital or non-digital, that can be used, re-used or referenced during technology-supported learning. Examples of technology-supported learning applications include computer-based training systems, interactive learning environments, intelligent computer-aided instruction systems, distance learning systems, web-based learning systems and collaborative learning environments. Learning Resource Type element Specific kind of resource, most dominant kind first. open vocabulary with best practice:  3=Exercise  4=Simulation  5=Questionnaire  6=Diagram  7=Figure  8=Graph  9=Index  10=Slide  11=Table  12=Narrative Text  13=Exam  14=Experiment  15=ProblemStatement  16=SelfAssesment Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) Publication Database – Product Type Categories The OERI Publications Plan Database tracks OERI & NCES publications from the initial concept through printing.  Products  Analytic Report  Blank Work  Booklet/Handbook  Brochure  Compendium  Directory  E.D. Tab  Issue Brief  Proceeding  R & D Report  Serial Publication 48 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 49    Statistics in Brief  Technical/Methodological  User‘s Manual Electronic  News Letter  Web Page Data Files  Restricted Data File/Electronic Code Book  Public Use Data File/Electronic Code Book  Data Analysis System/Table Generator Education Network Australia (EDNA) – EDNA Schemes for DC.Type Element EdNA is an Australian network of education services. The EdNA website is organized around Australian curriculum, its tools are free to Australian educators and it is funded by the bodies responsible for education provision in Australia – all Australian governments.  Edna-document values  Bibliography – List of resources  Dissertation – Paper or thesis prepared as a requirement for a higher degree  Guidelines – Directions for undertaking an activity or performing a task  Index – Summary list of items  Manuscript – Original or previously unpublished work  Policy – Document containing principles of action adopted or proposed by an organisation or authority  Presentation – Record or summary of information or views delivered to an audience  Reference – Comprehensive, systematically organised information such as a dictionary, encyclopedia, or almanac  Report – Account of an event or situation.  Research report – Account of an investigation or study  Serial – Periodical publication dealing with a particular subject Edna-curriculum values  Activity – A task often as part of a lesson plan or larger unit of work - to help students develop or demonstrate particular knowledge, skills, and understandings  Assessment – Resource or materials designed to confirm achievement of objectives or outcomes  Course – A sequence of teaching and learning units, designed to achieve knowledge, skills and understandings in a particular learning area or discipline and to help students meet specified requirements  Curriculum/syllabus – Sets out the expected outcomes (knowledge, skills, and understandings) for particular levels, clusters of levels or qualifications  Exemplar – Example of good practice as recognised by an educational organisation or authority  Lesson plan – An organised sequence of student activities, teaching ideas and resource materials, designed to help students gain a particular set of knowledge, skills, and understandings in a limited period of time  Online Project – Structured curriculum activity for students, using the internet (particularly web and email technologies). Built around a concept or theme, with a set duration and designed to meet curriculum objectives  Training Package – Set of materials designed to achieve industry-specific competencies and/or professional development outcomes  Unit/module – Self-contained segment of a teaching curriculum or training program covering a specific topic or a related set of topics Edna-event values  Conference – An assembly of people gathering to consult, discuss, learn about and view material related to a theme.   49 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 50   Exhibition – A display, (either temporary or ongoing) of works of art, skills, artifacts, multimedia representations etc. Performance -- An artistic or dramatic production (eg. a ceremony, play, live performance artist, piece of music etc) State of Victoria, Australia – Department of Education, Employment and Training (DEET) – Resource Type Categories The Victorian Education Channel provided by the Department of Education, Employment and Training (DEET) is a Government Channel providing enhanced public access to the widely recognised education information, resources and services available. For clients within the Victorian Education system it provides a path for the discovery of high quality educational resources suitable for learning in Victoria.        Unit of Instruction Lesson Plan Assessment Learning Activity Project Professional Development Reference and Materials Reading Pathfinder (RP) – Resource Type Element The Reading Pathfinder database catalogs approximately 2,000 early childhood literacy resources.           Web Articles Web Sites Bibliographies Books Brochures Databases Journals Local Assistance Magazines Newsletters Literacy Information aNd Communication System (LINCS) – Material Type Element LINCS - the Literacy Information aNd Communication System -- provides a single focal point for adult literacy resources, knowledge, and expertise from across the nation and the world. LINCS is a service of the National Institute for Literacy (NIFL).              Art Article Audio Materials Bibliography Book Brochure or Pamphlet Catalog Computer Game Conference Paper Conference Proceeding Contractor Report Database Dictionary 50 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 51                                 Directory Electronic Forum Flyer Government Document Handbook Historical Material Information Analysis Instructional Material Journal Newsletter Play or Theater Production Poetry Position Paper Project Description Proposal Research or Technical Report Serial or Journal Short Story Software or Freeware Speech Statistical Data Summary or Abstract Teaching Guide Test or Evaluation Instrument Testimony Textbook Thesis or Dissertation Training Material Webliography Video Material Workbook Other or Do Not Know Directory of Resources for Foreign Language Programs – Type Element The National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education (NCBE) and the ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics (ERIC/CLL) maintain a directory of national associations, professional organizations, state foreign language offices, funders, publishers of language learning materials, centers, clearinghouses, instructional materials Web sites, online publications, databases, regional conferences, and listservs. Each entry provides a description of the resource and information about the target audience, the level (preK-16) served, and the products and services available, as well as links to additional information.            Clearinghouse Funder Immersion Program Instructional Materials Web Site Listserv National Organization Online Publication Professional Organization Programs Database Publisher Regional Conference 51 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 52     Regional Educational Laboratory State or Territorial Foreign Language Supervisor State or Territorial Organization Title VI Center 52 Attachment F: Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, Version 1.1: Reference Description Each Dublin Core element is defined using a set of ten attributes from the ISO/IEC 11179 standard for the description of data elements. These include:           Name - The unique token assigned to the data element Label - The human-readable label assigned to the data element Version - The version of the data element Registration Authority - The entity authorized to register the data element Language - The language in which the data element is specified Definition - A statement that clearly represents the concept and essential nature of the data element Obligation - Indicates if the data element is required to always or sometimes be present (contain a value) Datatype - Indicates the type of data that can be represented in the value of the data element Maximum Occurrence - Indicates any limit to the repeatability of the data element Comment - A remark concerning the application of the data element Fortunately, six of the above ten attributes are common to all the Dublin Core elements. These are, with their respective values: Version: Registration Authority: Language: Obligation: Datatype: Maximum Occurrence: 1.1 Dublin Core Metadata Initiative en Optional Character String Unlimited The above attributes will not be repeated in the below definitions, however, they do represent part of the formal element definitions. The definitions provided here include both the conceptual and representational form of the Dublin Core elements. The Definition attribute captures the semantic concept and the Datatype and Comment attributes capture the data representation. Each Dublin Core definition refers to the resource being described. A resource is defined in RFC2396 as "anything that has identity". For the purposes of Dublin Core metadata, a resource will typically be an information or service resource, but may be applied more broadly. Element: Title Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Title Title A name given to the resource. Typically, a Title will be a name by which the resource is formally known. Element: Creator Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Creator Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the content of the resource. Examples of a Creator include a person, an organization, Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 54 or a service. Typically, the name of a Creator should be used to indicate the entity. Element: Subject Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Subject Subject and Keywords The topic of the content of the resource. Typically, a Subject will be expressed as keywords, key phrases or classification codes that describe a topic of the resource. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary or formal classification scheme. Element: Description Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Description Description An account of the content of the resource. Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, table of contents, reference to a graphical representation of content or a free-text account of the content. Element: Publisher Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Publisher Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organization, or a service. Typically, the name of a Publisher should be used to indicate the entity. Element: Contributor Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Contributor Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the content of the resource. Examples of a Contributor include a person, an organization, or a service. Typically, the name of a Contributor should be used to indicate the entity. Element: Date Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Date Date A date associated with an event in the life cycle of the resource. Typically, Date will be associated with the creation or availability of the resource. Recommended best practice for encoding the date value is defined in a profile of ISO 8601 and follows the YYYY-MM-DD format. Element: Type Name: Label: Definition: Type Resource Type The nature or genre of the content of the resource. 54 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 55 Comment: Type includes terms describing general categories, functions, genres, or aggregation levels for content. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the working draft list of Dublin Core Types). To describe the physical or digital manifestation of the resource, use the FORMAT element. Element: Format Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Format Format The physical or digital manifestation of the resource. Typically, Format may include the media-type or dimensions of the resource. Format may be used to determine the software, hardware or other equipment needed to display or operate the resource. Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the list of Internet Media Types defining computer media formats). Element: Identifier Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Identifier Resource Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context. Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. Example formal identification systems include the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) (including the Uniform Resource Locator (URL)), the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) and the International Standard Book Number (ISBN). Element: Source Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Source Source A Reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived. The present resource may be derived from the Source resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. Element: Language Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Language Language A language of the intellectual content of the resource. Recommended best practice for the values of the Language element is defined by RFC 1766 which includes a two-letter Language Code (taken from the ISO 639 standard), followed optionally, by a two-letter Country Code (taken from the \ ISO 3166 standard). For example, 'en' for English, 'fr' for French, or 'en-uk' for English used in the United Kingdom. Element: Relation Name: Relation 55 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 56 Label: Definition: Comment: Relation A reference to a related resource. Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. Element: Coverage Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Coverage Coverage The extent or scope of the content of the resource. Coverage will typically include spatial location (a place name or geographic coordinates), temporal period (a period label, date, or date range) or jurisdiction (such as a named administrative entity). Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the Thesaurus of Geographic Names) and that, where appropriate, named places or time periods be used in preference to numeric identifiers such as sets of coordinates or date ranges. Element: Rights Name: Label: Definition: Comment: Rights Rights Management Information about rights held in and over the resource. Typically, a Rights element will contain a rights management statement for the resource, or reference a service providing such information. Rights information often encompasses Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), Copyright, and various Property Rights. If the Rights element is absent, no assumptions can be made about the status of these and other rights with respect to the resource. 56 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 57 Attachment G: Edit Specifications for Interwoven TeamSite Metadata Template for www.ed.gov General Requirements  system must be able to create and maintain a metadata record for any individual file on ED web site that exists in TeamSite; metadata is used to provide more precise and relevant search results (via both Inktomi and Oracle), dynamically construct web pages, support personalization, and facilitate administration of site content  metadata must travel with resource (i.e., the file described by the metadata) throughout the workflow from file creation through the entire approval workflow, deployment to live site, and any subsequent file updates, renames, or moves  anyone with rights to edit the file must be able to elect to edit either the file, the metadata, or both  anyone who can create a file -- POC author, POC editor, WSG editor, ATG editor – must be able to create metadata for the file or choose not to  when a file is deployed, the metadata must be added to the production Oracle database at the same time; selected elements must be embedded in the resource itself (when resource format will accommodate such embedding, e.g., html, xml, between the tags)  when metadata is updated, updates must be reflected in Oracle record and embedded meta tags as appropriate  when someone edits the metadata for an existing file, the metadata form shall be populated with values retrieved from the Oracle record for the file; changes to the metadata shall be saved in the same Oracle record and the metadata embedded in the resource shall be updated  if possible, the content management system should protect the metadata and ensure its consistency with the Oracle record, by either preventing users from manually editing the meta tags or refreshing the meta tags from the authoritative Oracle version whenever a revised version of the html is loaded back into the content store  empty elements should not be embedded in record  when adding a new record, user should be able to elect to initially populate metadata form with values from an existing record (by specifying URL or selecting from explorer-like interface) or from previous record last edited (intended to facilitate entry for multi-file groups such as publications consisting of multiple html pages where most information remains the same from file to file)  a regular cron job shall examine the Next Archive/Update Action and Date for each item and shall update the Status element to a value of ―Archived‖ if the Action is ―Archive Item Automatically‖ and the date has passed; if the Action is ―Delete Item Automatically‖ and the date has passed, the cron job shall delete the file; in either case, the cron job shall send an email to the Content Owner email address notifying the owner of the action Form Behaviors and Metadata Element Specifications  form should automatically pre-populate Title element with value derived from file for files in html, doc, pdf, and other analyzable formats  form should automatically pre-populate URL element with value assembled from live site prefix (www.ed.gov) and full path of file within workarea (e.g., /offices/SFA/Students/index.html)  form should present reasonable defaults or partial pre-fills where helpful, specifically  default Language to ―en‖  default Format to ―text/html‖  default Publisher to ―US Department of Education‖  default Rights Management to ―Free, no restrictions‖  form should include brief help text for each element  form should link to separate help page or set of pages with more detailed help  each user can establish/maintain profile that pre-populates metadata template for new items with values, e.g., content owner email, publisher, ED office, etc.  each user can establish/maintain short list of controlled vocabulary subsets to efficiently apply frequently used terms (e.g., an office may habitually use 10-30 subject terms repeatedly, supplementing them infrequently with terms from the rest of the subject vocabulary) 57 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 58         form must use latest controlled vocabularies (maintained in Oracle database) either by referencing the Oracle database each time or refreshing static lists in form at least nightly (preferably with a capability to refresh lists on demand when urgent) form should integrate /admin/reference/ tables to let user navigate thesaurus hierarchy, view term definitions, enter non-preferred terms and have system suggest preferred terms – for vocabularies with thesaurus relations defined (e.g., subject, audience, resource type, level of education, ED program, other?) form should protect against problem characters embedded in values entered (e.g., double quotes, greater than, less than) by converting double quotes to single quotes and converting other characters to escape sequences? (not sure if ampersand is problem character or if semicolon is always interpreted as separator between multiple occurrences within a field); assume valid values for elements with validation tables won‘t contain problem characters (admin screens will need to be modified to enforce) form should display human-readable values in pull-down lists presented to user for value selection, even when cryptic code is stored in metadata (e.g., display ―Office of the Secretary‖ as option for ED Principal Office, store corresponding code ―EA‖ in record); ok to display cryptic code in form after user selects it? each field on form should remember most recently entered values and offer pull-down list &/or autocomplete, like address/url field in web browser form may allow user to type values for elements with controlled vocabularies, but should offer to autocomplete entries and should provide immediate feedback if user enters invalid value status element doesn‘t appear on screen but is derived; if Action=‖Archive Item Automatically‖ and Action Date < today, set value to ―archived‖; otherwise set value to null; value set by script that postprocesses values entered/updated in metadata form in TeamSite or by nightly cron job auto-analyze document and suggest element values derived using natural language processing and extensive synonym mapping in controlled vocabulary tables 58 Metadata Element Identifier (URL) Publication ID Chapter Sort Order Title Description Subject – controlled Subject – uncontrolled Level of Education Audience – end user Audience – mediator Resource Type Format Language Content Date ED Program, Activity, or Initiative Publisher ED Principal Office Creator/author Action Date Action Status Required/Optional Required Optional/Conditional Optional/Conditional Optional/Conditional Required Required Required (at least 1 occ.) Optional Optional Required (at least 1 occ.) Optional Required Required Required Required Optional Optional Required Optional Optional/Conditional Optional/Conditional Derived Oracle Database Type MaxLen MaxOcc Text 200 1 Text 21 1 Text 50 1 Integer 1 Text 255 1 Text 255 1 Text 50/100 6 Text 100 4 Text Text Text Text Text Date Text Text Text Text Date Text Text 50/100 50/100 50/100 50/100 30/100 30/100 50/100 100 30/100 100 30/100 20 1 ? 1 ? ? 1? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 Edits Must be well-formed URL Must be present when Chapter and Sort Order are not null Must be present when Sort Order is not null Must be present when Chapter is not null Must be non-blank Must be non-blank Each value must occur in SubjectRef (1403 terms, 1204 assignable) No edits enforced Each value must occur in LevelOfEducationRef (22 terms) Each value must occur in AudienceRef (227 terms, 206 assignable) Each value must occur in AudienceRef (227 terms, 206 assignable) Each value must occur in ResourceRef (151 terms) Each value must occur in FormatRef (24 terms) Each value must occur in LanguageRef (2 terms) Valid date format Each value must occur in ProgramRef (484 terms) No edits enforced Each value must occur in OfficeRef (58 terms) No edits enforced Must be present if Action is not null; must be valid date Must be present if Action Date is not null; value must occur in ActionRef (3-5 terms) Element doesn‘t appear on screen but is derived; set value to ―archived‖ if Action=‖Archive Item Automatically‖ and Action Date < today; otherwise set value to null Must be well-formed URL or valid value in RightsRef (0 terms; values not defined yet; edit disabled) Future: may require reference table that doesn‘t exist yet Future: may need to be valid value in RightsRef (0 terms; values not defined yet; edit disabled) Must be valid/well-formed email address No edits enforced Rights Management/Fee Records Management Sensitivity/Privacy Contributor Content Owner Source Optional Optional Optional Optional Required Future/Optional Text Text Text Text Text Text 30/100 30/100 30/100 100 100 100 ? ? ? Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 60 Relation – type Relation – target Relation – label Coverage Future/Optional/Conditional Future/Optional/Conditional Future/Optional/Conditional Future/Optional Tbd Tbd tbd Text Tbd Tbd Tbd 50 Must be present if Relation – target and/or Relation – label is not null; value must exist in a Relation Type ref table that doesn‘t exist yet Must be present if Relation – type and/or Relation – label is not null; must be well-formed URL Must be present if Relation – type and/or Relation – target is not null No edits enforced Notes:  In MaxLen column, when two numbers appear separated by a slash, the numbers to the left and right of the slash are the maximum lengths of the ShortDescr and LongDescr fields respectively.  In Edits column, words ending in ―Ref‖ indicate validation tables in Oracle, which may be queried directly or exported to a flat file that the edit routine can read in, depending on the solution designed 60 Appendix H: HTML Syntactical Binding for Embedded Elements, plus Open Issues & Notes on ERIC Digest Metadata Note: The inconsistency in the representation of schemes and types in the syntax below is intentional and is driven by the short-term need to exploit the strengths and weaknesses of the ED Web search engine (Inktomi 4.1) . In some cases, type/scheme is represented as a dot-extension of the meta name (e.g., dc.date.valid) where it is advantageous to have the search engine recognize the element+type/scheme as distinct from others. In other cases, type/scheme are represented as separate attributes of the meta tag (e.g., meta name=‖DC.subject‖ scheme=‖EDWeb‖ type=‖ED.program‖) where it is advantageous to have Inktomi lump the element+type/scheme together with other values for the same element. Metadata Element Package Start Identifier Syntax Emb ed? Y N ERIC Digests not included; should be ERIC Accession No.: (need to add scheme) Yes Yes, last name first; may contain more than one value Open Issues ►Use types to distinguish non-URL identifiers or is scheme sufficient? Title Creator Y Y Contributor Y Description Y description element (dc.description should be there too per specs but isn‘t) ►Oracle table restricts length to max 255; not long enough ►follow DC agent initiative or use subproperties? ►Semicolon as separator because comma used in lastname, firstname format in individual values? ►follow DC agent initiative or use subproperties? ►use types to define roles? ►Put data in two tags – DC.description for ED use and description for external search engines Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 62 Metadata Element Subject – controlled Syntax Emb ed? Y ERIC Digests Yes, but includes ERIC Descriptors not in EDWeb vocabulary; multiple values commaseparated Open Issues ►Include full taxon path? ►Vocabularies/schemes other than ED Web? ►Semicolon as separator? ►String controlled and uncontrolled subject values together in ―keywords‖ tag ►Max occurrences in DB 4 ►Semicolon as separator? ►Use type=‖keyword‖ or scheme=‖uncontrolled‖? ►Type within subject or make separate element? ► Semicolon as separator? ►DC-ED uses sub-property of audience element (DCED.audience.level) ►Semicolon as separator? ►Semicolon as separator? ►Semicolon as separator? Subject – uncontrolled Y Yes, but may contain more than 4 values; lumped in with controlled subject terms ED Program, Activity, or Initiative Level of Education Audience – Mediator Audience – End User Y Y Y Y present in some ERIC source records, values may not match EDWeb vocabulary Yes, but ERIC not EDWeb values always ―text/HTML‖ Yes, but spelled out not ISO 2-char code; conversion should be easy (e.g., English=en) Publication date (e.g., 2000-00-00) Resource Type Format Language Y Y Y ►Semicolon as separator? Content Date Publisher or Y ►qualify via element name dotextension or type? (latter may confuse search engine) ►other dates? ►follow DC agent initiative or use subproperties? Y Yes, but may contain multiple values with 62 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 63 Metadata Element Syntax Emb ed? ERIC Digests commas embedded within values Open Issues ED Principal Office Content Owner or simple version: full version: Y N ►Logically sub-element of publisher? ►Logically sub-element of publisher? ►Page owner? ►Need scheme to specify e-mail address? ►Qualify via element name dotextension or type? (latter may confuse search engine) ►should be ED. prefix, not DC. ►should be ED. prefix, not DC. ►not yet implemented; needed so Inktomi can distinguish archived items from active items Next Archive/ Update Date N Next Archive/ Update Action Status N Y Rights Management/ Fee Records Management Sensitivity/ Privacy Source N N N ? ►TeamSite template ver. 1 won‘t distinguish sub-elements/types ►Syntax is moot; element not embedded in EDWeb object; illustrates sub-element grouping and typing per GEM/DC best practice Coverage ? ►TeamSite template ver. 1 won‘t 63 Metadata for ED Web – Definitions, Controlled Vocabularies and Formats DRAFT – 06/25/2001 Page:A- 64 Metadata Element Relation – Label, Kind, & Target Syntax or Emb ed? ERIC Digests Open Issues distinguish subelements/types ? ►TeamSite template ver. 1 won‘t distinguish sub-elements/types ►Syntax is moot; element not embedded in EDWeb object; illustrates sub-element grouping and typing per GEM/DC best practice Chapter SortOrder N N ►Qualify via element name dotextension or type? ►Use EDPubs, EDPubID, or PubID as scheme? ►Easily confusable with Content Date not included; should be Publication Number Last Update Package End N N Y 64