Questions for pathology and pathological physiology exam - year 2011
Alcoholic liver damage
Amyloidosis
Anaemic hypoxia (causes and consequences)
Anaemia - pathogenetic classification
Atherosclerosis
Atrophy
Bacterial infections
Benign epithelial tumors
Pain as a signal
Distributive shock
Consequences of acute and chronic bleeding
Consequences of chronic inflammation of the organism
Consequences of failure of membrane potential in heart
Consequences of stress
Smooth muscle dysfunction
Edema (the causes and consequences)
Embolism
Endocrine induced reasons of changes in mineral metabolism
Epithelial tumors – an overview
Epithelial tumors - the basic characteristics
Febris rheumatica
Fibrinous inflammation
Function of reticular formation and its disorders
Functional consequences of spinal cord lesions
Physical causes of disease
Gangrene
Germinal tumors
Germinal tumors of the ovary
Grading and staging of cancer - clinical significance
Haemodynamic changes at the heart valve failure
Purulent inflammation on the surface of tissue
Purulent inflammation
Fever and its consequences
Hyperplasia and prostate cancer
Hypertrophy and hyperplasia
Hypovolaemic shock
Hypoxic hypoxia (causes and consequences)
Hypoxia (causes and division)
Hypoxia and myocardial ischemia - microscopic manifestations
Chemical causes of disease
Cholecystitis and cholangoitis
Cholelithiasis
Gestational and germinal choriocarcinoma
Chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes
Icterus
Immunopathological reactions
Infectious hepatitis
Blood group incompatibility
Ischemic changes in the brain
Ischemia - causes and consequences
Ischemia - examples in organs
Mammary carcinoma
Cancers of the uterus
Colon cancer
Cardiogenic shock
Catarrhal bronchopneumonia
Catarrhal inflammation
Compensatory mechanisms in shock
Crystals, stones - an overview
Leukemia
Maldigestion and malabsorption
CNS malformations and traumas
Malignant epithelial tumors
Malignant lymphoma Hodgkin's type
Malignant lymphomas non-Hodgkin's type
Mesenchymal tumors – an overview
Metabolic liver disease
Mesothelioma
Local circulation failure
Morphological manifestations of acute and chronic inflammation
Morphological picture of granulomatous inflammation
Brain hemorrhage
Myeloproliferative diseases and myelodysplastic syndrome
Myeloproliferative disorders
Fungal infections
Myocarditis and cardiomyopathy
Tumors of the bronchi and lungs
CNS tumors
Tumors of the uterus
Tumors in childhood
Tumors of endocrine tissues
Tumors of the gastrointestinal tract - an overview
Tumors of the liver and biliary tract
Bone tumors
Skin tumors – an overview
Kidney tumors
Tumors of soft tissues
Mesenchymal tumors – an overview
Tumors of the mammary gland
Brain tumors
Pseudotumors
Neuroectodermal tumors – an overview
Neuroendocrine tumors
Ovarian tumors – an overview
Tumors of the pancreas - an overview
Tumors of the peripheral endocrine system - an overview
Lung tumors
Tumors of the mucous membrane - oral cavity and pharynx
Tumors of the mucous membrane - respiratory tract
Tumors of the heart and blood vessels
Tumors of the intestine - an overview
Tumors of muscles and joints
Tumors of the colon
Tumors of the testis and epididymis
Tumors of fibrous and fatty tissue
Tumors of the urinary tract
Tumors of the stomach
Tumors of the gallbladder and bile ducts
Tumors of the peripheral nervous system-an overview
Non-suppurative interstitial inflammation
Myocardial necrosis - causes and development
Necrosis, apoptosis
Nonspecific inflammation of the lung - an overview
Neuroectodermal tumors
Neuroectodermal skin tumors
Non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas
The general consequences of acute renal failure
General consequences of chronic renal function impairment
General implications of neuromuscular disorders
General implications of renal impairment in the organism
General principles of sensory failure
General causes and consequences of peripheral nerve function disorders
General causes and consequences of disorders of striated muscles
Common causes of heart failure
Common causes of failure of vital organs and systems
General symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders - an overview
Oncogenesis and carcinogenesis
Pathophysiology of acute local inflammation
Pathophysiology of arterial circulation (atherosclerosis, embolism)
Pathophysiology of bone, joints and cartilage
Pathophysiology of neonatal period
Pathophysiology of signal transmission via receptors
Pathophysiology of receptors in the endocrine system
Pathophysiology of calcium
Pathophysiology of venous system
Pathological calcification
Pathology of lysosomal system
Pigments – an overview
Endogenous pigments
Exogenous pigments
Hematogenous pigments
Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary embolism
Pneumoconiosis
Disorders of acid-base balance - metabolic acidosis and alkalosis
Disorders of acid-base balance - respiratory acidosis and alkalosis
Disorders of differentiation of tissues
Disorders of diffusion of gases in the lungs
Disorders of energy metabolism
Fibroplasias’ disorders
Endothelial dysfunction
Disorders of liver function
Coagulation disorders - hemorrhage (causes)
Haemostatic disorders - thrombophilia (causes and consequences)
Disorders of hormonal and neural regulation of gastrointestinal tract
Disorders of water (dehydration)
Immune disorders
Disorders of melanin pigmentation
Disturbances of cardiac membrane potential (rhythm disturbances)
Disorders of glycogen metabolism
Iodine metabolism
Disorders of mineral metabolism (Ca, P)
Disorders of mineral metabolism (Fe)
Disorders of mineral metabolism( Na, K, Cl)
Disorders of metabolism of essential nutrients
Microcirculation disorders (edema, the importance in the shock)
Gastrointestinal motility disorders
Disorders of cardiac filling
Disorders of the ratio of ventilation / perfusion
Disorders of circulation regulation in specific areas – an overview
Disorders of circulation regulation in special areas (brain)
Regulation of breathing disorders,
Disorders of glucose regulation
Disorders of imbalance in excitation and inhibition in the nervous system
Disorders of growth and morphology of the endocrine disorders
Disturbances in the endocrine control system
Disorders of cell membrane signaling (receptors and channels)
Sleep disorders
Disorders of posture and gait
Disorders of thermoregulation
Disorders of blood transport of respiratory gases
Disorders of motor pattern
Disorders of consciousness (general mechanisms of disorders of consciousness)
Disorders of autonomic nervous system
Water balance disorders (causes and consequences)
Disorders of fetal development
Damage of motor units and their consequences (short and long term)
Precanceroses and carcinoma in situ
Precanceroses, uterine cervical cancer
Primary and secondary mechanisms of injury
Professional lung disease
Progressive changes
Overview of the pathophysiology of motor disorders
Overview of disorders of lipid metabolism
Overview of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism
Overview of disorders of nutrition
Causes and consequences of anemic hypoxia (compensation)
Causes and consequences of obesity
Causes and consequences of systemic hypertension
Causes and consequences of changes in osmolality in the extracellular environment
Causes and functional consequences of ischemia in the heart
Causes and mechanisms of colic pain
Causes and mechanisms of inflammation
Rhachitis, osteomalacia and osteoporosis
The role of white blood cells in inflammation
The role of glucocorticoids in the development of pathological conditions
Reduction of food intake (causes and consequences)
Splenomegaly
Aging
Steatosis
Stress
Syphilis
Syphilis, leprosy - an overview
Shock states (definitions and general division)
TBC
Thrombosis
Tuberculosis of lung
Ulcerative inflammation - an overview
The role of regulatory processes in the development of pathological conditions
Urolithiasis
Viral infections
Vitamins (vitamin deficiency and hypervitaminosis)
Inherited disorders of lysosomal system
Congenital defects, generally
Congenital defects of heart and great vessels
Inflammation and thrombosis of vein
Inflammation of arteries
Inflammation of the uterus and fallopian tubes
Respiratory infections
Fibrinous inflammation
Inflammation of GIT - overview
Inflammation granulomatous
Interstitial inflammation
Hepatitis
Non-suppurative inflammation
Inflammation of the male genital tract
Inflammation of serous membranes
Mucosal Inflammation - airways
Inflammation of mucous membrane and mucosal surface
Inflammation of urinary tract
Gastritis
Changes in compliance in individual organs
Changes in pressure in the pulmonary vessels (causes and consequences)