SYDNEY INSTITUTE/ SUTHERLAND COLLEGE/LOFTUS CAMPUS/FOUNDATION STUDIES
THE SKELETON
Use pencil!
Types of Bones
Activity 1: Name the 4 different TYPES of bones. Check your answer on page 14.
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Activity 2: What type of bone are these?
Name an example of where you would find this type of bone in your body.
Check your answer on page 14 and look at the diagram.
Diagram Type Example
Activity 3: Are these bones in your UPPER limbs or LOWER limbs?
Check your answer on page 14 & look at the diagram.
Bone Upper or Lower? Bone Upper or Lower?
humerus patella
femur tibia
carpals ulna
fibula metatarsals
radius planages
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Did you know…? Tick the boxes.
Axial the central part around which everything revolves
Appendicular is the part that is joined to something larger
Thorax is your chest & bugs have a thorax too!
A column is vertical
Sternum is important when we do CPR
Cranium is a fancy word for your skull;
Your face has 14 small bones
Vertebral Column:= 7 Cervical + 12 Thoracic + 5 Lumbar + 5 Sacrum + 4 Coccyx = 33
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The skeleton: Anterior view Use pencil!
Activity 4: In what part of the body would you find these bones? Complete the table.
Answers are on page 15.
HEAD BODY LEGS & FEET ARMS & HANDS
Bone Part of body Correct your errors
1 Frontal
2 Metatarsals
3 Sternum
4 Costal Cartilages
5 Phalanges
6 Temporal
7 Xiphoid process
8 Radius
9 Clavicle
10 Nasal
11 Ischium
12 Ulna
13 Pubis
14 Orbit
15 Carpals
16 Femur
17 Maxilla
18 False ribs
19 Saccrum
20 Patella
21 True ribs
22 Metacarpals
23 Tibia
24 Floating rib
25 Fibula
26 Phalanges
27 Ilium
28 Mandible
29 Talus
30 Coccyx
31 Pubic symphysis
32 Lumbar vertebrae
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Activity 5: Now group the bones together. Complete the table.
Check your answers on p15.
Talus Ilium Mandible
Metatarsals Phalanges Nasal
Sternum Fibula Ulna
Costal Cartilages Coccyx Tibia
Phalanges Pubis Orbit
Temporal Ischium Maxilla
Floating rib False ribs Carpals
Radius Femur Pubic symphysis
Frontal Patella Metacarpals
Clavicle True ribs Xiphoid process
Lumbar vertebrae Saccrum
HEAD BODY LEGS & FEET ARMS & HANDS
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
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Funny (corny) ways to remember difficult names of bones:
Humerus… funny bone
Floating rib… not attached like the other ribs are
Costal cartilages…cost a lot
Ilium…is it like a Llama?
Ulna…under your arm
Radius…a bit curved, like a circle
Coccyx… tail-bone…if you had a tail, that’s where it would be!
Orbit… round shape
Mandible… man dribbles from the mouth
Sternum… this is serious (stern)
Ischium… is-she-ummm…single?
Phalanges… sounds like falanges…fingers (and toes)
Femur… your figh bone, I mean thigh bone!
Clavicle… collar-bone…where you wear your shirt collar
Frontal… front of your face
Maxilla… for a maximum smile!
Patella… sounds like nutella, with more peanuts
Now you make up your own silly ways of remembering some:
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Memory cards
Cut out these cards and carry them with you. Make notes on the back if you like. When
you have a boring moment, such as waiting on the train station, you can get them out
and look at them for revision. The more often you look at them, the more likely you will
remember them.
Practise pronouncing each bone. Say the word a couple of times, while touching your
own body where the bone is.
If you want to hear the word, use an on-line dictionary, such as www.dictionary.com
Fron-tal Tem-por-al
Meta-tar-sals Xi-phoid pro-cess
Ster-num Ra-di-us
Cost-al Cart-il-ages Clav-icle
Pha-lan-ges Na-sal
Pu-bis Isch-i-um
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Or-bit Ul-na
Car-pals False ribs
Fe-mur Sa-crum
Max-illa Pa-tella
True ribs Pha-lan-ges
Meta-car-pals Il-i-um
Ti-bi-a Man-dible
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Float-ing rib Ta-lus
Fib-u-la Cocc-yx
Pu-bic symph-y-sis Lum-bar vert-e-brae
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The skeleton: Posterior view Use pencil!
Learn to understand the language of anatomy.
Here’s an easy way to remember what Anterior and Posterior mean:
a.m. is in the morning p.m. is in the evening
anterior is first (the front) posterior is later (the back)
Did you know…? Tick the box if you have heard these common meanings:
Vertebra is a single spinal bone Cranium animals that have skulls are
called craniates.
Cervical means neck Sacrum is a triangle shape
Thoracic comes from thorax which is Scapula is your shoulder blade
the big middle part of an insect
Lumbar is lower Carpals are in your wrist
Coccyx is your tail-bone Atlas was a Greek god who carried
the weight of the world on his
shoulders
Tarsals are like carpals in your foot
Meta means adjacent to (meta tarsals)
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Activity 6: Look at the two diagrams below.
List the bones that are labelled on the Posterior view diagram, that are not labelled on the
Anterior view diagram.
Check your answers on Page 16.
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___________________ ___________________ ___________________
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Anterior view Posterior view
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Activity 7: In what part of the body would you find these bones?
Check your answers on page 16.
HEAD & NECK UPPER BODY LOWER BODY
ARMS LEGS FEET HANDS
Bone Part of the body Correct your errors
1 Calcaneus
2 Tibia
3 Phalanges
4 Carpals
5 Coccyx
6 Metacarpals
7 Clavicle
8 Metatarsals
9 Sacrum
10 Lumbar vertebrae
11 Cervical vertebrae
12 Atlas
13 Tarsals
14 Ribs
15 Cranium
16 Mandible
17 Humerus
18 Scapula
19 Ulna
20 Pelvic girdle
21 Radius
22 Femur
23 Fibula
24 Thoracic vertebrae
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More memory cards
Cut out these cards and carry them with you. Make notes on the back if you like. When
you have a boring moment, such as waiting on the train station, you can get them out
and look at them for revision. The more often you look at them, the more likely you will
remember them.
Practise pronouncing each bone. Say the word a couple of times, while touching your
own body where the bone is.
If you want to hear the word, use an on-line dictionary, such as www.dictionary.com
Cal-ca-ne-us Tar-sals
Tib-i-a Ribs
Pha-lan-ges Cra-ni-um
Car-pals Man-dible
Cocc-yx Hum-er-us
Meta-car-pals Sca-pu-la
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Clav-icle Ul-na
Meta-tar-sals Pel-vic gir-dle
Sa-ccrum Ra-di-us
Lum-bar ver-te-brae Fe-mur
Cer-vical ver-te-brae Fib-u-la
At-las Tho-racic ver-te-brae
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Answers: Bones
Activity 1: long, short, flat, and irregular.
Activity 2:
Diagram Type Examples
Short bone Trapezoid;
metacarpals;
wrist bones & ankle bones
Long bone Humerus;
all limb bones (except wrists & ankles)
Flat bone Sternum;
skull; ribs
Irregular Vertebra;
hip bones
Activity 3:
Bone Upper or Lower? Bone Upper or Lower?
humerus upper patella lower
femur lower tibia lower
carpals upper ulna upper
fibula lower metatarsals lower
radius upper planages upper AND lower
Types of
bones
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Answers: Anterior View
Activities 4 & 5:
Bone Part of body
1 Frontal head
2 Metatarsals legs & feet
3 Sternum body
4 Costal Cartlilages body
5 Phalanges legs & feet
6 Temporal head
7 Xiphoid process body
8 Radius arms & hands
9 Clavicle body
10 Nasal head
11 Ischium body
12 Ulna arms & hands
13 Pubis body
14 Orbit head
15 Carpals arms & hands
16 Femur legs & feet
17 Maxilla head
18 False ribs body
19 Saccrum body
20 Patella legs & feet
21 True ribs body
22 Metacarpals arms & hands
23 Tibia legs & feet
24 Floating rib body
25 Fibula legs & feet
26 Phalanges arms & hands
27 Ilium body
28 Mandible head
29 Talus legs & feet
30 Coccyx body
31 Pubic symphysis body
32 Lumbar vertebrae body
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Answers: Posterior view
Activity 6: Thoracic Vertebrae Tarsals Cranium Atlas
Scapula Calcaneus Pelvic Girdle
Activity 7:
Bone Part of the body
1 Calcaneus feet
2 Tibia leg
3 Phalanges hands
4 Carpals hands
5 Coccyx lower body
6 Metacarpals hands
7 Clavicle upper body
8 Metatarsals feet
9 Sacrum lower body
10 Lumbar vertebrae lower body
11 Cervical vertebrae head & neck
12 Atlas head & neck
13 Tarsals feet
14 Ribs upper body
15 Cranium head & neck
16 Mandible head & neck
17 Humerus arms
18 Scapula upper body
19 Ulna arms
20 Pelvic girdle lower body
21 Radius arms
22 Femur legs
23 Fibula legs
24 Thoracic vertebrae upper body
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