Table-S.1
Carbon-14 dates (Libby, conventional a) and dendrochronologically corrected
dates b of samples excavated at Lajia site
Lab no c. Sample material Libby C14 Dendro-corrected dates b
provenance dated age and its
at Lajia site 1-sigma Most Calendar Calendric Age cal
excavation error a probable date 68% range BC
d e
based on (BP) cal BP
t1/2 5568 y
ZK－3132 H18 Charcoal 3574±73 3865 ± 106 3758 – 3971 1915 ± 106.
ZK－3133 H20 Charcoal 3685±42 4015 ± 66 3949 - 4081 2065 ± 66
ZK－3134 M3 Charcoal 3637±75 3963 ± 104 3858 - 4067 2013 ± 104
ZK－3137 H33 Charcoal 4200±107 4710 ± 134 4575 - 4844 2760 ± 134
ZK－3179 T537 H45 Charcoal 3746±48 4098 ± 81 4017 - 4179 2148 ± 81
ZK－3180 T537 H45(2) Charcoal 3740±42 4083 ± 67 4015 - 4150 2133 ± 67
ZK－3181 T539 H48 Charcoal 3828±43 4244 ± 79 4165 - 4323 2294 ± 79
ZK－3182 T539 H48 (2) Charcoal 3846±43 4266 ± 81 4184 - 4347 2316 ± 81
ZK－3220 H44 Charcoal 3684±41 4014 ± 65 3949 - 4079 2064 ± 65
ZK－3221 H49 Charcoal 3764±38 4132 ± 66 4066 - 4198 2182 ± 66
ZK－3222 T529J2 (3) Charcoal 3800±56 4197 ± 90 4106 - 4287 2247 ± 90
ZK－3223 H41 Charcoal 3778±66 4153 ± 111 4042 - 4264 2203 ± 111
Notes:
(a) The conventional, or "Libby" radiocarbon age is measured as years before 1950
A.D. The half-life of Carbon 14 is taken as 5568 years.
(b) For dendrochronological correction, data from the following references were
employed: M. Stuiver and G. W. Pearson (1993) High-precision bidecadal calibration
of the radiocarbon time scale, AD 1950 - 500 BC and 2500 - 600 BC. Radiocarbon 35
(1) 1-23; G. W. Pearson, B. Backer and F. Qua (1993) High-precision 14C measurement
of German and Irish oaks to show the natural 14C variations from 7890 to 5000 BC.
Radiocarbon 35 (1) 193 - 204.
(c) ZK = Laboratory of the Institute of Cultural Relics of the Chinese Bureau of
Cultural Relics.
(d) This is the most probable date (BP) taking into account the irregularities of the
radiocarbon dendrochronological correction curve and the error in the conventional
(Libby) 14C age.
(e) The calendrical age range is taken from the different 14C calibration curves after
folding in the error in the determination of the conventional radiocarbon age. This
operation can be performed by various computer programs: For example： CalPal -
University of Cologne Radiocarbon Calibration Program Package. This program is
available online from Universität zu Köln Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte
Radiocarbon Laboratory： http://www.calpal.de/