De Belen, Mary Ann I. Ms. Abalos
BSED III
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY: VALUES IN DIGITAL AGE
“We study ethics in order to improve our lives, and therefore its principal
concern is the nature of human well-being….”
- Aristotle
Objectives:
• To address the question of how we can speak of ethics and values in the Digital
Age
• To identify the specific ethical challenges presented by the increasing
dominance of new technologies
• To identify tasks, responsibilities, and strategies, appropriate to schools and
workplace with regard to values and ethics in the Digital Age
Values in Digital Age
Give me another term/s for “values” as many as you can…
- Ethics - Polite - Proper
- Principles - Honest - Code
- Morals - Courteous - Honorable
- Beliefs - Decent - Philosophy
- Good - Way of life - Just
- Standards - Upright - Attitud
- Right - Ideals
What is Ethics / Morals?
• Ethics is the study of morals
• Morals (latin mores) are the (right or good) habits which people have in a
society
• Ethics have been and are still used to formulate policies in societies
It is divided into three primary areas:
1. Meta-ethics
(The study of the concept of ethics)
2. Normative ethics
(The study of how to determine ethical values)
3. Applied ethics
(The study of the use of ethical values).
The aim(s) of Ethics
• The good of the people
– To understand what it would be – meta ethics
– To build a system(s) to solve how to get there
– To apply the system(s) to actual questions coherently and
consistently
– To aid us in our moral problems
–
Work ethics… your responsibility towards…
• Colleagues / classmates
• Employer
• customers /clients
Social and Ethical issues that arise when Information Technology is introduced
into the workplace…
• Do we experience different dilemma?
• Do we encounter malicious kinds of software, or "programmed threats“?
• Do we feel stressed trying to keep up with high-speed computerized
devices?
Ethical Dilemma
• Computer Crime
Computer security – not physical security but logical security
Four (4) aspects:
1. Privacy and confidentiality
2. Consistency
3. Integrity
4. Controlling access to resources
These include:
• "viruses“ - which cannot run on their own, but rather are inserted into other
computer programs;
• "worms" - which can move from machine to machine across networks, and
may have parts of themselves running on different machines;
• "Trojan horses“ - which appear to be one sort of program, but actually are
doing damage behind the scenes
• "logic bombs" - which check for particular conditions and then execute
when those conditions arise; and
• "bacteria" or "rabbits" - which multiply rapidly and fill up the computer's
memory.
• "hacker“ - who breaks into someone's computer system without
permission. Some hackers intentionally steal data or commit vandalism,
while others merely "explore" the system to see how it works and what
files it contains.
Privacy and Anonymity/Ambiguity
• Internet privacy consists of privacy over the media of the Internet:
- The ability to control what information one reveals about oneself over
the Internet, and to control who can access that information.
INTERNET PRIVACY
What is the value of your privacy?
Answer these questions:
• Do you leave the door of your house opened, day and night?
• Would you let your young kids play in an unknown neighborhood ?
• Would you give the key of your car at a perfect stranger ?
• Would you discuss important matters in a public place?
Data Mining
In order to beat competition every company need informations.
Sample informations regarding the potential customers:
• What is your level of income?
• How many people live in your family?
• Do you have kids and how many?
• Are you feeling ok or do you need medicines?
• How old is your car, your washing machine, your computer?
We can fight back!!
WE MUST BE READY!
• “Update your antivirus every day" or "stay away from doubtful websites".
• Increase your Awareness of the Privacy issue!
The better defense against these scams is your brain!
There is no software that can replace your judgment:
* You may update your antivirus,
* You may have a very good firewall,
* You may be behind an excellent router, but you should never
underestimate this threat. ACT NOW!
Intellectual Property
• What is Intellectual Property?
Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind: inventions, literary and
artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce.
• Intellectual property is divided into two categories:
1. Industrial property, which includes inventions (patents), trademarks,
industrial designs, and geographic indications of source; and
2. Copyright, which includes literary and artistic works such as novels,
poems and plays, films, musical works, artistic works such as drawings,
paintings, photographs and sculptures, and architectural designs.
Rights related to copyright include those of performing artists in their
performances, producers of phonograms in their recordings, and those of
broadcasters in their radio and television programs.
Guarding Your Intellectual Property
Theft of confidential information and trade secrets can be just as damaging to
your business as stealing or other employee fraud.
Help protect your competitive advantage with these tips.
1. Buy paper shredders...
Be careful when you are throwing out copies of sensitive or confidential
documents.
These include:
Financial statements, proposals, customer information, reports, receipts,
bills, invoices, etc.
Don't just throw these in the trash.
Shred them first.
2. Have a plan for terminated employees
Don't let a dissatisfied ex-employee become a security threat. Have a plan
in place to keep a person from leaving your company with confidential
documents.
Some steps to follow include:
• Have the person leave the company immediately upon termination.
• Make arrangement for immediate return of any confidential company
information such as client lists, price lists, etc.
• Insist that the person turn in keys, both for the business premises and
for his or her desk and file cabinet. If he or she doesn't return them,
change your locks.
• Remove the person's password from your computer network
immediately.
3. Use computer passwords.
4. Have all employees sign non- disclosure agreements.
Make sure employees understand that theft of intellectual property is as
serious to your business as theft of physical property. Use a non-disclosure
agreement or a non-disclosure clause in an employment contract, to spell out
employees' responsibilities regarding confidential or trade secret information.
Be sure you define what your company considers to be confidential.
5. Have all employees sign non- disclosure agreements
Make sure employees understand that theft of intellectual property is as
serious to your business as theft of physical property. Be sure you define
what your company considers to be confidential.
6. Keep tabs on your documents
Set and enforce strict procedures for access to trade secret and confidential
information. Allow only those who need certain information to see it. Label key
electronic documents (such as your customer database) as "read only" so
they can not be altered or copied.
7. Don't tempt prying eyes
• Don’t make it easy for people who aren't supposed to see
confidential documents to snoop.
• Never leave documents lying around.
• File things away when you're done with them or when you're away
from your desk.
• Lock your filing cabinet and your desk when you're away.
• Close computer files when they are not being used and never leave
a file on your screen when you go away from your desk.
SELF – Check for students
1. Plagiarism & Cheating - Plagiarism is the taking of the ideas, writings,
drawings, words, or other similar intellectual property created by others
and presenting it as your own. It is generally not a legal issue, like
copyright infringement, but it is an ethical one.
Examples of cheating:
• Hiring someone to write a paper, buying a paper or project or
downloading a paper from an online service.
• Not properly citing the works, pictures, music, video or other
forms of communication in your research projects.
• Rewording someone else’s words (paraphrasing) and not giving
them credit for the ideas you have built on thereby passing
someone’s ideas off as your own.
• Sharing files (e.g. an Excel worksheet) in a business class
• Copying math homework
• Letting your project partner do all the work and just putting your
name of the final report
• Letting your mom or dad build your project
• Looking at another’s test or sharing what is on a test with
students in other sections of that class
• Turning in your brother’s or sister’s old project
Why you shouldn’t cheat:
• People’s words, work, and/or ideas are considered “intellectual
property” – meaning the creator owns them. Some types of
Plagiarism not only violate school rules, but state and federal
laws.
• You are not practicing skills you will need to know to succeed in
college or the workplace:
- How to write, analyze, form conclusions or generate new
ideas.
• Others will look at you as a “cheater” and your character and
reputation will suffer.
• You will feel bad about yourself when you take credit for others
work.
How to avoid cheating:
• The best way to avoid cheating and plagiarism is to find ways to
personalize your assignments. React in your writing about how
your topic might personally affect YOU, your family, your school,
or your community. An original conclusion which is supported by
facts from other works properly cited is never cheating. Write in
your own voice, not just in your own words.
• Organize your work so that you don’t run into a last minute time
crunch that keeps you from studying, writing, creating, revising,
reflecting and making your work your own.
• Keep good records as you do research of where you found your
supporting ideas. It’s easier than doing research twice – once
for finding the information and again for doing the bibliography.
How to avoid cheating:
• ALWAYS include a bibliography. list of resources, or
acknowledgement whenever you use the work or ideas of
others. If you can’t provide a citation, don’t use the source.
• Understand that using other’s work is permissible and usually
necessary to create well-supported arguments, conclusions
and answers to questions. Giving credit to the source of this
work keeps it from being plagiarism.
• Make your work original as possible. Use direct quotes or
paraphrasing only when what you find is written in such a way
that it clarifies or make memorable the idea expressed.
Making sure you are safe:
When researching, note-taking, and interviewing
• Mark everything that is someone else’s words with a big Q (for quote) or
with big quotation marks
• Indicate in your notes which ideas are taken from sources (S) and which
are your own insights (ME)
• Record all of the relevant documentation information in your notes
• Proofread and check with your notes (or photocopies of sources) to make
sure that anything taken from your notes is acknowledged in some
combination of the ways listed below:
In-text citation
Footnotes
Bibliography
Quotation marks
Indirect quotations
Note: If you have any questions whether something you are doing may be
cheating or plagiarism, talk to your parents, teacher, or media specialist.
Commandments of Computer Ethics.
Their "moral imperatives" include:
1. I will contribute to society and human well-being.
2. I will avoid harm to others.
3. I will be honest and trustworthy.
4. I will be fair and not discriminate.
5. I will honor property rights including copyrights and patents.
6. I will give proper credit for intellectual property.
7. I will respect the privacy of others.
8. I will honor confidentiality.