Preprocessing Techniques for
Image Analysis Applications
Hong Zhang
Preprocessing
• High dimensionality
• Limited sample size
• A simple argument: Rao-Blackwell
Preprocessing
• Normalization / transformation
• Feature extraction / elimination
• Kernel design
Medical Imaging Applications
image Image Feature Kernel SVM
Processing Extraction Design
Mammography
Mathematical Morphology
• Erosion • Tophat
• Dilation • Watershed
• Opening • Reconstruction
• Closing • Skeletonization
Calcification Detection
Cell Image
Segmentation
Simple Features
• Area • Mean
• Length • Variance
• Elongation • Density
• Eccentricity • Fractal dimension
• Compactness • Moments
Kernel Invariance
Translation Invariance
Rotation Invariance
The Fourier Kernel
translation
rotation
3D Problems
• Harmonic analysis on locally compact
Abelian group
• S2 is not a topological group
• SO(3) is not Abelian
• Torus
• Quaternion
Circulating Tumor Cells
Automatic CTC Detection
Canonical Correlation Analysis
Maximize correlation
Functional MRI
Flow Cytometry
Distance Measures
• Bhattacharyya affinity
• Nearest neighbor error
• Mahalanobis distance
• Kullback-Leibler divergence
• Jeffreys’ divergence
Kernel on Distributions
Clustering
• Gaussian mixture
• K-means
• EM algorithm
• Regularization