University of Palestine
Faculty of Applied Engineering and Urban Planning
Dept. of Architecture
2nd Semester 2010
-2011
Building Construction II (EAAS 3202 )
Lecture 9
أعمال التبليطPlanking Works
Dr. Nihad Almughany
1
Review of Last Lecture
– Fireplaces
• Types of Fireplaces
• Function of Fireplaces
• Elements of the Fireplace
• Rules for building a fireplace
2
Planking Works
– Types of Tiles :
• Natural:
– Marble ( Italian, Khalili, Karara, Granite )
– Wood
• Manufactured:
– Perlato
– Mosaic Tiles
– Terrazzo tiles
– Interlock Cement Tiles
– Ceramic
– Porcelain
– Mosaics
– Linoleum, carpet, …. Etc.
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4
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Tiles Works
– Location of Tiles :
• Floors ( Interior – Exterior )
• Walls
• Sills
• Stairs
• Roads
• Sidewalks
8
Tiles Works
– Stages of Tile works :
• Manufacturing of tiles
• Tiles supply
• Preparatory works
– Plumbing and mechanical works
– Electrical works
– Wood frames
• Tiling
• Finishing
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10
Tiles Works
– Installation of Tiles ( Floors) :
• Preparation of Tiles:
– Supply to site
– Sinking in water
• Preparation of Floor:
– Floor base
– Sand ( dry and clean) 4 cms
– ( Mfalfala ( cement and sand) under ceramic tiles )
• Mortar: (2-4 cms)
– Cement (1) + Sand (3) + Lime (.5 ) + water
– Use of white cement in case of light color tiles like Karara tiles
• Leveling:
– Use of levels ( ( انودعات
– Consider entrance level, Gal traps and networks levels.
– Consider the slope especially in bathrooms and kitchens and in
external works
• Pattern : Consider the pattern of tiles used – extension – Where to start
11
Tiles Works
– Installation of Tiles ( Floors) Continued :
• Tiling:
– Fix the tile on mortar
– Tiles must be leveled according to the required level
– Joints are equal, Perpendicular and Parallel
– Use of cutting machine in cutting tiles
– Do not walk on tiles or load it before they are dry.
– Fill the ends and fix the skirting perpendicular to the floor.
• Filling the Joints :انترويب
– Clean the tiles and the floor, spray water and fill the joints with
cement filling with appropriate color.
– Remove extra filling
– Spray water
– Cleaning or polishing tiles
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20
Tiles Works
– Installation of Tiles ( Walls) :
• Preparation of Tiles:
– Supply to site
– Sinking in water
• Preparation of wall:
– Remove additions and fill holes as in plaster
– Add scratch and brown (1st layer) plastering layers
• Mortar: (2 cms)
– Cement (1) + Sand (3) + Lime (.5 ) + water
– Use of white cement in case of light color tiles like Karara tiles
• Leveling:
– Use of levels ( ( انودعات
– Consider fixed levels such as worktops, bathtub, … etc.
– Consider the verticality of the tiles
• Pattern : Consider the pattern of tiles used – extension – Where to start
21
Tiles Works
– Installation of Tiles ( Walls) - Continued :
• Tiling:
– Fix the tile on mortar
– Tiles must be leveled according to the required level
– Joints are equal, Perpendicular and Parallel
– Use of cutting machine in cutting tiles
– Do not load tiles before they are dry.
– Use the Plastic or metal angles on projecting corners.
• Filling the Joints :انترويب
– Clean the tiles, spray water and fill the joints with cement
filling with appropriate color.
– Remove extra filling
– Spray water
– Cleaning or polishing tiles
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23
Tiles Works
– Installation of Tiles :
• Sills
• Stairs
• Wooden floors
• Linoleum, carpet, … etc.
• Ornaments in tiles
• External interlock tiles
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Tiles Works
– The role of the engineer :
• Physical inspection of tiles when supply:
– Homogeneous
– Edges
– Surface shape and level
– Cracks and voids ( (انتنميم – انتشعير – انتفهيق – انتقشر – انتنقير – االنفصال
– Dimensions
• Laboratory testing: ( ( انفيزيائي – انبري – االمتصاص - انكسر
• Before tiling:
– Define level
– Inspect all networks required
– Define pattern
• During Tiling:
– Mortar
– Levels
• After Tiling:
– Level
– Edges
26
– Joints
– انتطبيم – انتسنين – انفصال انبانيم – انفصال انسيراميك