CLASSICAL
CONDITIONING
It has been in your lives from the
beginning!!!
http://www.worthpublishers.com/
myers5e/content/psychsim/
Introduction
Philosophers beginning with Aristotle
have recognized that learning is
largely based on forming
associations, or links, between
events.
The process by which these links are
established, modified, and broken
was first studied scientifically by the
Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov.
Ivan Pavlov
A Russian scientist who accidentally
discovered this process of learning.
So what is it?
Classical Conditioning:
Is a learning procedure where
associations are made between a
natural stimulus and a LEARNED,
(neutral) stimulus.
Neutral Stimulus (ns)
A stimulus that The bell
does not initially
elicit (provoke) a
response.
Unconditioned Stimulus (ucs)
An event that leads Food (kibble)
to a certain
predictable
response without
previous training
Unconditioned Response (ucr)
A reaction to the Salivating
ucs that occurs
automatically and
naturally. (a reflex)
Conditioned Stimulus (cs)
An ordinarily The Bell (cs) ->
neutral event Salivating (cr)
that… AFTER
TRAINING… leads
to a desired
response.
Conditioned Response (cr)
The conditioned Salivating
response is
LEARNED
Things to Remember…
Achieving a classically conditioned
response generally occurs gradually
The more frequently the (cs)-Tuning
fork- is paired with the (ucs)-food-
the more often the (cs)-tuning fork-
brought out the (cr)- salivating-
Things to remember cont…
Which means…
Now spike SALIVATES (cr) at the
sound of the TUNING FORK (cs) even
though there is no FOOD (ucs)
present
Remember… the timing between the
(cs)-(tuning fork) and the (ucs)-
(food) is important!!! (or else Spike
won’t associate the two)
More C.C. Vocab.
GENERALIZATION: occurs when the
subject responds to a second
stimulus (with no prior training) that
is similar to the original cs.
Ex: When Spike responds the same
way to a bike bell as he does to the
hand bell
More C.C. vocab. cont…
DISCRIMINATION: ability to respond
differently to different stimuli.
Ex: woooohoooo Spike responds to the
hand bell but not the bike bell.
Last one!!!
Extinction:the cr (salivating) starts
to decline (and even disappear)
when the cs (bell) is presented
without the ucs (food)
However…there can be a “comeback”…
the cr can reappear when the cs is
presented without the ucs… though
not as strong (not as much saliva)